Apparatus for controlling array antenna comprising a plurality of antenna elements and method therefor

• US 5,396,256 A
• Filed: 10/27/1993
• Issued: 03/07/1995
• Est. Priority Date: 10/28/1992
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha (Mitsubishi Electric Corporation)
• Original Assignee: ATR Optical And Radio Communications Research Laboratories
• Inventors: Fujise, Masayuki, Chiba, Isamu
• Primary Examiner(s): Tarcza, Thomas H.
• Assistant Examiner(s): PHAN, DAO LINDA
• Application Number:
  US08/141,642
• Time in Patent Office: 496 Days
• Field of Search: 342/372, 342/81, 342/157
• US Class Current: 342/372
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 3/2605 Array of radiating elements provided with a feedback control over the element weights, e.g. adaptive arrays

Abstract

In an apparatus and method for controlling an array antenna including a predetermined plurality of M antenna elements arranged in a predetermined arrangement configuration, beam electric field strengths of a plurality of N beams of transmitting signals are calculated, and then signals representing the calculated beam electric field strengths equal to or larger than a threshold value are outputted. Thereafter, based on the outputted signals, there are calculated a plurality of N weight coefficients for the receiving signals respectively corresponding to the plurality of N beams of transmitting signals, such that a main beam of the array antenna is directed toward an incoming direction of a desired radio wave and also a level of the receiving signal in an incoming direction of an unnecessary radio wave are made zero. Further, based on the calculated plurality of N weight coefficients and a transmitting frequency of the transmitting signals, there is calculated at least either one of a plurality of M amounts of phase shift and a plurality of M amounts of amplitudes for the transmitting signals, and then the antenna elements are controlled in accordance with at least one of the calculated amplitude and phase data, thereby radiating the controlled transmitting signals therefrom.

Claims

1. An apparatus for controlling an array antenna including a predetermined plurality of M antenna elements arranged closely to one another in a predetermined arrangement configuration, said apparatus comprising:

multi-beam forming means for calculating beam electric field strengths of a plurality of N beams of transmitting signals, based on a receiving frequency of receiving signals, a plurality of M receiving signals respectively received by said antenna elements of said array antenna, and directions of predetermined plurality of N beams of transmitting signals to be formed, said directions having been predetermined so that a desired radio wave can be received in a predetermined range of radiation angle;

beam selecting means for comparing said plurality of N beam electric field strengths calculated by the multi-beam forming means with a predetermined threshold value, and selectively outputting signals representing said beam electric field strengths equal to or larger than said threshold value;

adaptive controlling means, based on said signals representing said beam electric field strengths outputted from said beam selecting means, for calculating a plurality of N weight coefficients for the receiving signals respectively corresponding to the plurality of N beams of transmitting signals, said weight coefficients being calculated such that a main beam of the array antenna is directed toward an incoming direction of a desired radio wave and also a level of said receiving signal in an incoming direction of an unnecessary radio wave are made zero;

calculating means, based on said plurality of N weight coefficients calculated by said adaptive controlling means and a transmitting frequency of the transmitting signals, for calculating at least either one of a plurality of M amounts of phase shift and a plurality of M amounts of amplitude for the transmitting signals, respectively corresponding to said antenna elements, such that the main beam of the array antenna is directed toward the incoming direction of the desired radio wave and also the level of the transmitting signal in the incoming direction of the unnecessary radio wave are made zero; and

antenna controlling means for controlling said antenna elements of said array antenna, respectively, in accordance with at least one of said plurality of M amounts of phase shift calculated by said calculating means and said plurality of M amounts of amplitude calculated by said calculating means, thereby radiating the controlled transmitting signals from said antenna elements of said array antenna.

2. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1,

wherein said antenna controlling means comprises at least either one of:

phase shifting means for shifting phases of the transmitting signals in correspondence to said antenna elements, respectively, by said plurality of M amounts of phase shift calculated by said calculating means, and outputting the transmitting signals having the shifted phases to said antenna elements of said array antenna; and

amplitude changing means for changing amplitudes of the transmitting signals in correspondence to said antenna elements, respectively, by said plurality of M amounts of amplitude calculated by said calculating means, respectively, and outputting the transmitting signals having the changed amplitudes to said antenna elements of said array antenna.

3. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, further comprising:

amplifying means for amplifying said signals representing said beam electric field strengths outputted from said beam selecting means, respectively, with gains proportional to said plurality of N weight coefficients calculated by said adaptive controlling means; and

combining means for combining in phase said receiving signals amplified by said amplifying means, thereby outputting said combined receiving signals as a receiving signal.

4. The apparatus as claimed in claim 2, further comprising:

amplifying means for amplifying said signals representing said beam electric field strengths outputted from said beam selecting means, respectively, with gains proportional to said plurality of N weight coefficients calculated by said adaptive controlling means; and

combining means for combining in phase said receiving signals amplified by said amplifying means, thereby outputting said combined receiving signals as a receiving signal.

5. A method for controlling an array antenna including a predetermined plurality of M antenna elements arranged closely to one another in a predetermined arrangement configuration, said method including the following steps of:

calculating beam electric field strengths of a plurality of N beams of transmitting signals, based on a receiving frequency of receiving signals, a plurality of M receiving signals respectively received by said antenna elements of said array antenna, and directions of predetermined plurality of N beams of transmitting signals to be formed, said directions having been predetermined so that a desired radio wave can be received in a predetermined range of radiation angle;

comparing said calculated plurality of N beam electric field strengths with a predetermined threshold value, and selectively outputting signals representing said beam electric field strengths equal to or larger than said threshold value;

based on said outputted signals representing said beam electric field strengths, calculating a plurality of N weight coefficients for the receiving signals respectively corresponding to the plurality of N beams of transmitting signals, said weight coefficients being calculated such that a main beam of the array antenna is directed toward an incoming direction of a desired radio wave and also level of said receiving signal in an incoming direction of an unnecessary radio wave are made zero;

based on said calculated plurality of N weight coefficients and a transmitting frequency of the transmitting signals, calculating at least either one of a plurality of M amounts of phase shift and a plurality of M amounts of amplitudes for the transmitting signals, respectively corresponding to said antenna elements, such that the main beam of the array antenna is directed toward the incoming direction of the desired radio wave and also the level of the transmitting signal in the incoming direction of the unnecessary radio wave are made zero; and

controlling said antenna elements of said array antenna, respectively, in accordance with at least one of said calculated plurality of M amounts of phase shift and said calculated plurality of M amounts of amplitude, thereby radiating the controlled transmitting signals from said antenna elements of said array antenna.

6. The method as claimed in claim 5,

wherein said controlling step includes at least either one step of the following steps:

shifting phases of the transmitting signals in correspondence to said antenna elements, respectively, by said calculated plurality of M amounts of phase shift, and outputting the transmitting signals having the shifted phases to said antenna elements of said array antenna; and

changing amplitudes of the transmitting signals in correspondence to said antenna elements, respectively, by said calculated plurality of M amounts of amplitude, respectively, and outputting the transmitting signals having the changed amplitudes to said antenna elements of said array antenna.