Multi-channel echo canceling method and apparatus

• US 5,396,554 A
• Filed: 03/13/1992
• Issued: 03/07/1995
• Est. Priority Date: 03/14/1991
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: NEC Corporation
• Original Assignee: NEC Corporation
• Inventors: Sugiyama, Akihiko, Hirano, Akihiro
• Primary Examiner(s): Dwyer, James L.
• Assistant Examiner(s): FOURNIER, PAUL
• Application Number:
  US07/851,093
• Time in Patent Office: 1,089 Days
• Field of Search: 370/32.1, 379/388, 379/410, 379/411, 379/420, 379/202, 379/206, 379/54, 379/201, 358/85
• US Class Current: 379/406.08
• CPC Class Codes: H04M 9/082 using echo cancellers echo cancellers per se H04B3/23

Abstract

Echo canceling method and apparatus for subtracting, from a mixed signal in which echoes produced from a plurality of reception signals are mixed with a transmission signal, a replica of the echoes in order to cancel the echoes in the mixed signal. The replica of the echoes are generated by the steps of selecting the reception signal which is leading in phase and producing a replica of the echoes from the selected reception signal by an adaptive filter. Generally, the replicas are produced by adaptive filters provided in one-to-one correspondence with the mixed signals.

Claims

1. A multi-channel echo canceling method of subtracting, from a mixed signal or signals in which echoes produced from a plurality of reception signals are mixed with a transmission signal or signals, a replica of the echoes in order to cancel the echoes of the mixed signal or signals, the method comprising at least the steps of:

selecting the reception signal that is most leading in phase; and

producing a replica of the echoes from the selected reception signal.

2. A multi-channel echo canceling method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the selected reception signal is inputted to adaptive filters provided in one-to-one correspondence with the mixed signal or signals to produce a replica of the echoes.

3. A multi-channel echo canceling method as claimed in claim 2, wherein each of the reception signals include therein a signal component from a single signal source.

4. A multi-channel echo canceling method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the reception signals and the transmission signal or signals are derived from speech.

5. A multi-channel echo canceling method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the step of selecting the reception signal which is most leading in phase includes a step of finding a phase difference between two arbitrary reception signals, said step of finding the phase difference including a step of finding the sign (positive or negative) of the time difference which maximizes the absolute value of a cross correlation function between the two reception signals.

6. A multi-channel echo canceling method as claimed in claim 5, wherein said cross correlation function is determined such that, at each of a predetermined plurality of times denoted as first times, the product of the value of the first of the two reception signals at a first time and the value of the second reception signal at a second time, said second time being separated from said first time by a predetermined time difference, is calculated, and the average value of said product over time is calculated and determined to be the value of the cross correlation function for the time difference between the two reception signals.

7. A multi-channel echo canceling method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the cross correlation function is determined such that, at each of a predetermined plurality of times denoted as first times, the product of the value of the first of two reception signals at a first time and the value of the second reception signal at a second time, said second time being separated from said first time by a predetermined time difference, is calculated, and a recursive integrated value having a predetermined time constant is calculated with regard to the products and is determined to be the value of the cross correlation function for the time difference between the two reception signals.

8. A multi-channel echo canceling method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the step of selecting the reception signal which is most leading In phase comprises the steps of:

finding the time difference which maximizes the absolute value of the cross correlation function between two arbitrary reception signals as objects for judgment of the phase difference;

judging, from the sign (positive or negative) of the time difference, which one of the two reception signals is lagging in phase;

eliminating the reception signal which is judged to be lagging in phase as an object for judgment; and

repeating the above three steps until all but a single reception signal are eliminated.

9. A multi-channel echo canceling method as claimed in claim 8, wherein the cross correlation function is determined such that, at each of a predetermined plurality of times denoted as first times, the product of the value of the first of two reception signals at a first time and the value of the second reception signal at a second time, said second time being separated from said first time by a predetermined time difference, is calculated, and the average value of the product over time is calculated and determined to be the value of the cross correlation function for the time difference between the two reception signals.

10. A multi-channel echo canceling method as claimed in claim 8, wherein the cross correlation function is determined such that, at each of a predetermined plurality of times denoted as first times, the product of the value of the first of two reception signals at a first time and the value of the second reception signal at a second time, said second time being separated from said first time by a predetermined time difference, is calculated, and a recursive integrated value having a predetermined time constant is calculated with regard to the products and is determined to be the value of the cross correlation function for the time difference between the two reception signals.

11. A multi-channel echo canceling method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the step of selecting the reception signal that is most leading in phase comprises the steps of:

selecting two arbitrary reception signals as objects for judgment of the phase difference;

finding filter coefficients of an adaptive transversal filter when the first reception signal of the two reception signals is inputted to said adaptive transversal filter to predict the second reception signal of the two reception signals and filter coefficients of a second adaptive transversal filter when the second reception signals is inputted to said second adaptive transversal filter to predict the first reception signal;

comparing a first absolute value which is the maximum absolute value of the filter coefficients when the second reception signal is predicted from the first reception signal with a second absolute value which the maximum absolute value of the filter coefficients when the first reception signal is predicted from the second reception signal in order to judge which of the two reception signals is lagging in phase;

eliminating the reception signal which Is judged to be lagging in phase as an object for judgment; and

repeating the above four steps until all but a single reception signal are eliminated.

12. A multi-channel echo canceling apparatus for subtracting, from a mixed signal in which an echo produced from a plurality of reception signals are mixed with a transmission signal or signals, a replica of the echo in order to cancel the echo of the mixed signal or signals, comprising:

a phase difference detecting circuit for receiving the reception signals and detecting the reception signal which is most leading in phase;

a selector for receiving the reception signals and selectively outputting, in accordance with the results of the detection by said phase difference detecting circuit, the reception signal which is most leading in phase;

an adaptive filter provided in one-to-one correspondence with the mixed signal for receiving the output of the selector and producing and outputting a replica of the echo; and

a subtracter provided in one-to-one correspondence with the mixed signal for subtracting the output of the adaptive filter from the mixed signal;

the adaptive filter being controlled so as to minimize the output of the subtracter.

13. A multi-channel echo canceling apparatus as claimed in claim 12, wherein each of the reception signals include therein a signal component from a single signal source.

14. A multi-channel echo canceling apparatus as claimed in claim 13, wherein the reception signals and the transmission signal are derived from speech.

15. A multi-channel echo canceling apparatus as claimed in claim 13, wherein said apparatus receives a plurality of such mixed signals and comprises a plurality of such adaptive filters and subtracters, the adaptive filters and subtracters both being equal in number to the number of mixed signals.

16. A multi-channel echo canceling apparatus as claimed In claim 13, wherein said phase difference detecting circuit comprises:

at least one phase comparing circuit responsive to a controlling signal which designates two reception signals which are to be compared in phase with each other for the purpose of comparing the phases of the two designated reception signals and outputting the result of said comparison; and

a controlling circuit responsive to the output or outputs of said phase comparing circuit or circuits for outputting a controlling signal to said phase comparing circuit or circuits so as to detect which one of the reception signals is most leading in phase and outputting the result of such detection.

17. A multi-channel echo canceling apparatus as claimed in claim 16, wherein said phase comparing circuit or circuits each comprise:

a first selector for receiving reception signals and outputting one of the reception signals designated by the controlling signal as the first reception signal;

a second selector for receiving reception signals and outputting another reception signal designated by the controlling signal as the second reception signal;

a first tapped-delay-line for delaying the first reception signal;

a second tapped-delay-line for delaying the second reception signal;

a plurality of multipliers belonging to a first multiplier set, one multiplier being provided for each tap of said first tapped-delay-line, for calculating the products of the outputs of the respective taps and the second reception signal;

a plurality of integrators belonging to a first integrator set, one integrator being provided for each respective multiplier in said first multiplier set, for integrating the outputs of the corresponding multipliers;

a plurality of absolute value calculating circuits belonging to a first absolute value calculating circuit set, one absolute value calculating circuit being provided for each respective integrator in said first integrator set, for calculating the absolute values of the outputs of the corresponding integrators;

another plurality of multipliers belonging to a second multiplier set, one multiplier being provided for each individual tap of said second tapped-delay-line, for calculating the products of the outputs of the respective taps and the first reception signal;

another plurality of integrators belonging to a second integrator set, one integrator being provided for each individual multiplier in said second multiplier set, for integrating the outputs of the corresponding multipliers;

another plurality of absolute value calculating circuits belonging to a second absolute value calculating circuit set, one absolute value calculating circuit being provided for each individual integrator in said second integrator set, for calculating the absolute values of the outputs of the corresponding integrators;

a third multiplier for calculating the product of the first and second reception signals;

a third integrator for integrating the output of said third multiplier;

a third absolute value calculating circuit for calculating the absolute value of the output of said third integrator; and

a comparator for comparing outputs of the absolute value calculating circuits included in said first and second absolute value calculating circuit sets and the output of said third absolute value calculating circuit with one another to judge which one of the first and second input signals is lagging.

18. A multi-channel echo canceling apparatus as claimed in claim 17, wherein each of the integrators comprises:

a first delay circuit for delaying an input signal to the integrator;

a second delay circuit for storing therein the output value of the integrator preceding the input signal; and

an adder for adding the value stored in said second delay circuit and the input signal, storing in said second delay circuit the difference obtained by subtracting the output of said first delay circuit from the sum and outputting the difference as an output signal of the integrator.

19. A multi-channel echo canceling apparatus as claimed in claim 17, wherein each of the integrators comprises:

a first coefficient multiplier for multiplying an input signal to the integrator by a first constant;

a delay circuit for delaying an output signal of the integrator;

a second coefficient multiplier for multiplying an output of said delay circuit by a second constant; and

an adder for adding the outputs of said first and second coefficient multipliers, outputting the sum as an output of the integrator and storing the sum in said delay circuit.

20. A multi-channel echo canceling apparatus as claimed in claim 17, wherein said comparator receives the outputs of the absolute value calculating circuits included in said first and second absolute value calculating circuit sets and the output of said third absolute value calculating circuit, and when a maximum received value is received from any of said absolute value calculating circuits included in said first absolute value calculating circuit set, judges that the first reception signal is leading in phase as compared with the second reception signal, and when a maximum received value is received from any of said absolute value calculating circuits included in said second absolute value calculating circuit set, judges that the second reception signal is leading in phase as compared with the first reception signal.

21. A multi-channel echo canceling apparatus as claimed in claim 16, wherein said phase comparing circuit or circuits each comprise:

a first selector for receiving the reception signals and outputting one of the two reception signals designated by the controlling signal as a first reception signal;

a second selector for receiving reception signals and outputting another reception signal designated by the controlling signal as a second reception signal;

a first adaptive transversal filter for receiving the first reception signal and predicting the second reception signal, said first adaptive transversal filter being capable of outputting a filter coefficient value for each of its taps;

a plurality of absolute value calculating circuits belonging to a first absolute value calculating circuit set, one absolute value calculating circuit being provided for each respective filter coefficient of said first adaptive transversal filter, for calculating the absolute values of the corresponding filter coefficients;

a second adaptive transversal filter for receiving the second reception signal and predicting the first reception signal, said second adaptive transversal filter being capable of outputting a filter coefficient value for each of its taps;

another plurality of absolute value calculating circuits belonging to a second absolute value calculating circuit set, one absolute value calculating circuit being provided for the respective filter coefficient of said second adaptive transversal filter, for calculating the absolute values of the corresponding filter coefficients; and

a comparator for comparing the outputs of the absolute value calculating circuits included in said first and second absolute value calculating circuit sets to judge which one of the first and second reception signals is lagging in phase.

22. A multi-channel echo canceling apparatus as claimed in claim 21, wherein said comparator receives the outputs of the absolute value calculating circuits included in said first and second absolute value calculating circuit sets, and when a maximum received value is received from any of said absolute value calculating circuits included in said first absolute value calculating circuit set, judges that the first reception signal is leading in phase as compared with the second reception signal, and when a maximum received value is received from any of said absolute value calculating circuits included in said second absolute value calculating circuit set, judges that the second reception signal is leading in phase as compared with the first reception signal.