Gas delivery apparatus for infusion

• US 5,398,850 A
• Filed: 03/03/1994
• Issued: 03/21/1995
• Est. Priority Date: 08/06/1993
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Medizinishe Pro-Med Co.
• Original Assignee: River Medical, Inc. (Envision Healthcare Corporation)
• Inventors: Sancoff, Gregory E., Doyle, Mark C., Field, Frederic P.
• Primary Examiner(s): Kashnikow, Andres
• Assistant Examiner(s): DeRosa, Kenneth
• Application Number:
  US08/205,875
• Time in Patent Office: 383 Days
• Field of Search: 222/95, 222/96, 222/386.5, 222/394, 222/399, 222/190, 239/322, 239/323, 169/33, 169/85
• US Class Current: 222/386.5
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2005/1404 Keep vein-open rate [KVO], i.e. low flow rate
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2005/14204 with gas-producing electrochemical cell
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/1409 in series, e.g. first substance passing through container holding second substance, e.g. reconstitution systems needle sets A61M5/162
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/14593 the diaphragm being actuated by fluid pressure
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/1483 using flexible bags externally pressurised by fluid pressure
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/155 pressurised by gas introduced into the reservoir
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 7/02 by wet methods
• CPC Class Codes: B65D 83/625 the propellant being generated by a chemical or electrochemical reaction for pressure gas in portable fire extinguishers A62C13/02

Abstract

An apparatus for dispensing a fluid, comprising a container for holding the fluid to be dispensed and a housing for holding a solid chemical and a liquid chemical which react to generate carbon dioxide gas upon contact, such that the gas is used to drive the fluid out of the container.

Claims

1. An apparatus for dispensing a fluid from a container comprising:

a container for holding a fluid to be dispensed;

means for generating a propellant gas comprising;

an alkalai metal carbonate formed into a solid mass, a liquid chemical that is reactive with said carbonate to form a carbon dioxide propellant gas, a substantially closed housing enclosing separately said carbonate and said liquid chemical and having an outer wall being in fluid communication with said container, and means for combining said carbonate and said liquid chemical to form said carbon dioxide propellant gas; and

means for housing said container and said gas generating means, said container being in fluid communication with said gas generating means whereby the propellant gas escaping from said substantially closed housing pushes said fluid from said container out of said housing means.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the alkalai metal carbonate is selected from the group consisting of sodium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, and calcium carbonate.

3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the mass is reacted with an effective amount of water to enhance the mechanical properties and hardness of the mass.

4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the liquid chemical is selected from the group consisting of solutions of citric acid and acetic acid.

5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the mass further comprises a rate limiting amount of a rate controlling moiety admixed with the carbonate.

6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the mass is partially coated with a material that is nonreactive with the liquid chemical that is reactive with the carbonate to form carbon dioxide.

7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the material is insoluble in the liquid chemical.

8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the combining means comprises a frangible member that is adapted to be pierced upon an application of a force through the outer wall of the housing.

9. An apparatus for dispensing a fluid from a container comprising:

a container for holding a fluid to be dispensed;

means for generating a propellant gas comprising;

an alkalai metal carbonate formed into a solid mass, a liquid chemical that is reactive with said carbonate to form a carbon dioxide propellant gas, a hydrophobic membrane surrounding and enclosing said carbonate and said liquid chemical and having an outer surface being in fluid communication with said container, and means for combining said carbonate and said liquid chemical to form said carbon dioxide propellant gas; and

means for housing said container and said gas generating means, said container being in fluid communication with said gas generating means whereby the propellant gas escaping from said hydrophobic membrane pushes said fluid from said container out of said housing means.

10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the alkalai metal carbonate is selected from the group consisting of sodium carbonate, magnessium carbonate, and calcium carbonate.

11. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the liquid chemical is selected from the group consisting of solutions of citric acid and acetic acid.

12. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the mass further comprises a rate limiting amount of a rate controlling moiety admixed with the carbonate.

13. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the mass is partially coated with a material that is nonreactive with the liquid chemical that is reactive with the carbonate to form carbon dioxide.

14. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the material is insoluble in the liquid chemical.

15. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the mass is reacted with an effective amount of water to enhance the mechanical properties and hardness of the mass.

16. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the combining means comprises a frangible member that is adapted to be pierced upon an application of a force through the outer surface of the membrane.