Electronic still camera with improved picture resolution by image shifting in a parallelogram arrangement

• US 5,402,171 A
• Filed: 09/10/1993
• Issued: 03/28/1995
• Est. Priority Date: 09/11/1992
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba (Toshiba Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba (Toshiba Corporation)
• Inventors: Sugikawa, Akihiko, Sasuga, Mitsuo, Tagami, Yoshitomo, Takashima, Kazuhiro, Ide, Yuji, Morohoshi, Toshihiro, Umeda, Masafumi
• Primary Examiner(s): Groody, James J.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Cohen, Cheryl
• Application Number:
  US08/118,581
• Time in Patent Office: 564 Days
• Field of Search: 348/219, 348/332, 348/335, 348/322, 348/271
• US Class Current: 348/219.1
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 1/2112 using still video cameras
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 1/2137 with temporary storage before final recording, e.g. in a frame buffer
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 1/2158 using a detachable storage unit
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 1/32128 attached to the image data, e.g. file header, transmitted message header, information on the same page or in the same computer file as the image for information embedded in the image H04N1/32144
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 2101/00 Still video cameras
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 2201/0077 Types of the still picture apparatus
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 2201/212 Selecting different recording or reproducing modes, e.g. high or low resolution, field or frame
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 2201/3214 of a date
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 2201/3242 of processing required or performed, e.g. for reproduction or before recording H04N2201/3256 and subgroups take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 2201/3243 of type information, e.g. handwritten or text document
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 2201/3277 The additional information being stored in the same storage device as the image data
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 2209/046 Colour interpolation to calculate the missing colour values
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 25/134 based on three different wavelength filter elements
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 25/136 using complementary colours
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 25/48 Increasing resolution by shifting the sensor relative to the scene
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 5/262 Studio circuits, e.g. for mixing, switching-over, change of character of image, other special effects ; Cameras specially adapted for the electronic generation of special effects
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 5/2628 Alteration of picture size, shape, position or orientation, e.g. zooming, rotation, rolling, perspective, translation

Abstract

An electronic still camera comprises a solid state image sensor for outputting a color picture signal corresponding an incident optical image, a signal processor for signal-processing the color picture signal from the solid state image sensor to produce a color still picture signal, a recorder for recording the color still picture signal produced by the signal processor, and a driver for moving at least one of the optical image and the solid state image sensor from an original position in a horizontal direction by a pixel pitch and in an oblique axial direction defined by horizontal and vertical lines extending respectively from the original position in the horizontal and vertical directions by half the pixel pitch.

Claims

1. An electronic device comprising:

an image sensor for outputting an image signal based upon an optical image that is incident thereon, the image sensor including;

a plurality of optical filters arranged in both a horizontal and a vertical direction; and

a plurality of pixels located at positions corresponding to positions of the optical filters; and

a moving unit for moving the optical image in one of the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, and for moving the optical image in an oblique direction among first second, third and fourth positions, the first, second, third and fourth positions defining four vertexes of a parallelogram the first position being a current position of the optical image, the second position being shifted by a distance of one pixel pitch from the first position in one of the horizontal and vertical directions, the third position being shifted by a distance of a half pixel pitch from the first position in both the horizontal and vertical directions, the fourth position being shifted a distance from the first position so as to form the fourth vertex along a diagonal of the parallelogram;

the image signal outputted by the image sensor being readable at each of the first, second, third and fourth positions.

2. An electronic device comprising:

an image sensor for outputting an image signal based upon an optical image that is incident thereon, the image sensor including;

a plurality of optical filters arranged in both a horizontal and a vertical direction; and

a plurality of pixels located at positions corresponding to positions of the optical filters; and

a moving unit for moving the image sensor in one of the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, and for moving the optical image in an oblique direction among first, second, third and fourth positions, the first, second, third and fourth positions defining four vertexes of a parallelogram, the first position being a current position of the image sensor, the second position being shifted by a distance of one pixel pitch from the first position in one of the horizontal and vertical directions, the third position being shifted by a distance of a half pixel pitch from the first position in both the horizontal and vertical directions, the fourth position being shifted by a distance from the first position so as to form the fourth vertex along a diagonal of the parallelogram;

the image signal outputted by the image sensor being readable at each of the first, second, third and fourth positions.

3. An electronic device comprising:

an image sensor for outputting an image signal based upon an optical image that is incident thereon, the image sensor including;

a plurality of optical color filters arranged in both a horizontal and a vertical direction, the optical filters including;

mosaic filters, having filter elements, arranged in both the horizontal and vertical directions, each of the mosaic filters being arranged in a unit in which the filter elements are arranged in one of a pattern of two rows and two columns, a pattern of four rows and two columns and a pattern of two rows and four columns, the filter elements being one of three-color and four-color filter elements; and

a plurality of pixels located at positions corresponding to positions of the optical color filters; and

a moving unit for moving the optical image in one of the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, and for moving the optical image in an oblique direction among first second, third and fourth positions, the first, second, third and fourth positions defining four vertexes of a parallelogram, the first position being a current position of the optical image, the second position being shifted by a distance of one pixel pitch from the first position in one of the horizontal and vertical directions, the third position being shifted by a distance of a half pixel pitch from the first position in both the horizontal and vertical directions, the fourth position being shifted by a distance from the first position so as to form the fourth vertex along a diagonal of the parallelogram;

the image signal outputted by the image sensor being readable at each of the first, second, third and fourth positions.

4. An electronic device according to claim 3, further comprising signal processing means for producing a single still image by processing the image signals outputted by the image sensor at the first, second, third and fourth positions.

5. An electronic device according to claim 3, wherein the moving means moves the optical image from the first position to one of the other three positions, then moves the optical image to one of the remaining two positions, and then moves the optical image to the only remaining position.

6. An electronic device according to claim 5, wherein the moving means returns the optical image to the first position after being moved to each of the first, second, third, and fourth positions.

7. An electronic device according to claims 3, wherein the image sensor further includes means for draining electric charges, which have accumulated on the image sensor, when the moving means moves the optical image.

8. An electronic device according to claims 3, wherein the image sensor further includes means for draining accumulated electric charges, when the moving means moves the optical image.

9. An electronic device according to claims 3, wherein the image sensor further includes means for recognizing a signal outputted by the image sensor, which contains accumulated electric charges, when the moving means moves the optical image.

10. An electronic device according to claims 3, wherein the moving means includes means for electrically moving the image sensor.

11. An electronic device according to claim 10, wherein the moving means includes a piezoelectric element.

12. An electronic device according to claims 3, wherein the moving means includes a parallel-plate member, disposed in front of the image sensor, for changing an optical path along which the optical image is incident on the image sensor.

13. An electronic device according to claims 3, wherein the one of three-color and four-color filter elements includes one of a color green and a color that includes a green-color component, and wherein a pixel arrangement of the one of the color green and the color that includes a green-color component, which is obtained after the image signal is outputted by the image sensor in the first, second, third and fourth positions, is formed in a checkered pattern with a half pixel pitch in the horizontal and the vertical directions.

14. An electronic device according to claims 3, wherein the filter elements are divided into a plurality of filter element blocks each filter element block including four filter elements which are arranged so that two of the four filter elements are in the vertical direction and the other two of the four filter elements are in the horizontal direction, and wherein two of the four filter elements each include a green color filter element.

15. An electronic device according to claims 14, wherein the green color filter elements are arranged in the oblique direction.

16. An electronic device according to claim 14, wherein two of the four filter elements include a red color and a blue color filter element.

17. An electronic device according to claims 16, wherein the green color filter elements are arranged in the oblique direction.

18. An electronic device comprising:

an image sensor for outputting an image signal based upon an optical image that is incident thereon, the image sensor including;

a plurality of optical color filters arranged in both a horizontal and a vertical direction, the optical filters including;

mosaic filters, having filter elements, arranged in both the horizontal and vertical directions, each of the mosaic filters being arranged in a unit in which the filter elements are arranged in one of a pattern of two rows and two columns, a pattern of four rows and two columns and a pattern of two rows and four columns, the filter elements being one of three-color and four-color filter elements; and

a plurality of pixels located at positions corresponding to positions of the optical color filters; and

a moving unit for moving the image sensor in one of the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, and for moving the optical image in an oblique direction among first, second, third and fourth positions, the first, second, third and fourth positions defining four vertexes of a parallelogram, the first position being a current position of the image sensor, the second position being shifted by a distance of one pixel pitch from the first position in one of the horizontal and vertical directions, the third position being shifted by a distance of a half pixel pitch from the first position in both the horizontal and vertical directions, the fourth position being shifted by a distance from the first position so as to form the fourth vertex along a diagonal of the parallelogram;

the image signal outputted by the image sensor being readable at each of the first, second, third and fourth positions.

19. An electronic device according to claim 18, further comprising signal processing means for producing a single still image by processing the image signals outputted by the image sensor at the first, second, third and fourth positions.

20. An electronic device according to claim 18, wherein the moving means moves the image sensor from the first position to one of the other three positions, then moves the image sensor to one of the remaining two positions, and then moves the image sensor to the only remaining position.

21. An electronic device according to claim 20, wherein the moving means returns the image sensor to the first position after being moved to each of the first, second, third, and fourth positions.

22. An electronic device according to claim 18, wherein the image sensor further includes means for draining electric charges, which have accumulated on the image sensor, when the moving means moves the image sensor.

23. An electronic device according to claim 18, wherein the image sensor further includes means for draining accumulated electric charges when the moving means moves the image sensor.

24. An electronic device according to claim 18, wherein the image sensor further includes means for recognizing a signal outputted by the image sensor, which contains accumulated electric charges, when the moving means moves the image sensor.

25. An electronic device according to claim 18, wherein the moving means includes means for electrically moving the image sensor.

26. An electronic device according to claim 18, wherein the moving means includes a piezoelectric element.

27. An electronic device according to claim 18, wherein the moving means includes a parallel-plate member, disposed in front of the image sensor, for changing an optical path along which the optical image is incident on the image sensor.

28. An electronic device according to claim 18, wherein the one of three-color and four-color filter elements includes one of a color green and a color that includes a green-color component, and wherein a pixel arrangement of the one of the color green and the color that includes a green-color component, which is obtained after the image signal is outputted by the image sensor in the first, second, third and fourth positions, is formed in a checkered pattern with a half pixel pitch in the horizontal and the vertical directions.

29. An electronic device according to claim 18, wherein the filter elements are divided into a plurality of filter element blocks, each filter element block including four filter elements which are arranged so that two of the four filter elements are in the vertical direction and the other two of the four filter elements are in the horizontal direction, and wherein two of the four filter elements each include a green color filter element.

30. An electronic device according to claim 29, wherein the green color filter elements are arranged in the oblique direction.

31. An electronic device according to claim 29, wherein two of the four filter elements include a red color and a blue color filter element.

32. An electronic device according to claim 31, wherein the green color filter elements are arranged in the oblique direction.