Implantable medical interventional device with atrial dysrhythmia therapy for tachycardia

• US 5,403,355 A
• Filed: 07/25/1994
• Issued: 04/04/1995
• Est. Priority Date: 04/03/1992
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Medtronic Incorporated (Medtronic Plc)
• Original Assignee: Intermedics Incorporated
• Inventors: Alt, Eckhard
• Primary Examiner(s): Kamm, William E.
• Application Number:
  US08/279,947
• Time in Patent Office: 253 Days
• Field of Search: 607/4, 607/6, 607/9, 607/19
• US Class Current: 607/9
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/3622 comprising two or more electrodes co-operating with different heart regions
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/36535 controlled by body position or posture
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/36542 controlled by body motion, e.g. acceleration
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/36585 controlled by two or more physical parameters
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/395 for treating atrial fibrillation
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/3956 Implantable devices for applying electric shocks to the heart, e.g. for cardioversion
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/39622 Pacing therapy

Abstract

An implantable medical interventional device for delivering electrical therapies to the heart of an implant patient to treat pathologic ventricular tachycardia. The device includes a first sensor for developing a signal indicative of the patient'"'"'s ventricular ECG status, and a second sensor for developing a signal indicative of the patient'"'"'s atrial ECG status. Criteria are established to distinguish physiologic tachycardia and pathologic tachycardia in the ventricles by an evaluation of the signal indicative of ventricular ECG status, and an appropriate is therapy is delivered if the evaluation indicates a pathologic tachycardia in progress. The therapy delivery is limited to an atrial response if the signal developed by the second sensor indicates atrial fibrillation or other atrial dysrhythmia, and is appropriate to that particular dysrhythmia. The evaluation is performed by comparing the signals indicative of atrial and ventricular ECG status to discriminate primary ventricular tachycardias from secondary ventricular tachycardias of primary atrial origin. The therapy is delivered in a tiered regimen and, in response to the discrimination of primary and secondary ventricular tachycardia, is adjusted accordingly. The tiered therapy regimen may include a therapy of solely atrial defibrillation. A non-ECG sensor may additionally be used to sense a physiological parameter indicative of patient activity. In that case, in response to detection of ventricular tachycardia by the first sensor, detection of atrial tachycardia by the second sensor, and indication of patient resting condition or low level activity by the non-ECG sensor, a ventricular tachycardia is treated as pathologic atrial tachycardia, and atrail therapy is applied without any therapy to the ventricle.

Claims

1. An implantable medical interventional device for delivering electrical therapies to the heart of an implant patient to treat pathologic ventricular tachycardia, comprising:

first sensor means adapted to generate a signal indicative of the patient'"'"'s ventricular ECG status,

second sensor means adapted to generate a signal indicative of the patient'"'"'s atrial ECG status,

evaluation means for establishing criteria to distinguish physiologic and pathologic tachycardias in the ventricles from an evaluation of the signal generated by said first sensor means and adapted to apply an appropriate therapy in response to an evaluation that a pathologic tachycardia is present, said evaluation means including therapy delivering means responsive to the signal generated by said second sensor means indicative of atrial fibrillation or other atrial dysrhythmias for limiting the therapy to an atrial response.

2. The device of claim 1, in which:

the evaluation means is further adapted to compare the signals indicative of atrial ECG status and ventricular ECG status to discriminate primary ventricular tachycardias from secondary ventricular tachycardias of primary atrial origin, and

the therapy delivering means is adapted to deliver electrical therapies in a tiered regimen and is responsive to said discrimination of primary and secondary ventricular tachycardia to adjust the tiered therapy regimen accordingly.

3. The device of claim 2, in which:

the tiered therapy regimen includes a therapy of solely atrial defibrillation.

4. The device of claim 1, further including:

a non-EGG sensor adapted to sense a physiological parameter indicative of patient activity.

5. The device of claim 4, in which:

the evaluation means is responsive to detection of atrial fibrillation or other atrial dysrhythmia by the second sensor means, detection of ventricular tachycardia by the first sensor means, and an indication of a resting condition or low level activity by the non-ECG sensor, to treat the ventricular tachycardia as pathologic atrial tachycardia, and to select atrial defibrillation as the therapy to be applied, without delivery of any therapy to the ventricle.

6. The method of controlling pathologic tachycardia whether in the atrium or the ventricles of the heart, including:

sensing atrial and ventricular dysrhythmias,

providing tiered electrical therapies for application to the heart to treat the sensed dysrhythmia, and

responding to a sensed ventricular dysrhythmia in the right ventricle and to a sensed atrial dysrhythmia in the right atrium while the patient is substantially at rest, by treating both the ventricular dysrhythmia and the atrial dysrhythmia with one of the tiered therapies applied solely to the atrium.

7. The method of claim 6, in which:

the tiered therapy applied solely to the atrium is defibrillation therapy applied to one of the two atrial poles used for bipolar sensing of the atrial ECG.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein:

evaluation of the ECG signal includes using signal information indicative of both the ventricular ECG status and the atrial ECG status.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein:

one of the therapies among the tired electrical therapies which may be selected is solely atrial defibrillation without a concurrent therapy applied to the ventricles.

10. An implantable medical interventional device for delivering electrical therapies to the heart of an implant patient to treat pathologic ventricular tachycardia, comprising:

first sensor means adapted to be positioned in the patient'"'"'s right ventricle to sense ventricular electrical activity,

second sensor means adapted to be positioned in the patient'"'"'s right atrium to sense atrial electrical activity, and

defibrillation electrode means adapted to be positioned in the patient'"'"'s right ventricle to electrically stimulate excitable myocardial tissue thereof;

evaluation means establishing criteria to distinguish ventricular tachycardia of physiologic origin and of pathologic origin, and responsive to said first and second sensor means for determining whether a pathologic ventricular tachycardia is primary, originating from ventricular dysfunction, or secondary, originating from atrial dysfunction; and

control means responsive to said evaluation means for selecting an electrical therapy for delivery to the patient'"'"'s heart;

all of said first and second sensor means and said defibrillation electrode means being disposed on the same electrode structure.

11. The device of claim 10, including:

another defibrillation electrode means adapted to be positioned in the patient'"'"'s right atrium to electrically stimulate excitable myocardial tissue thereof, on said same electrode structure.

12. The device of claim 11, wherein:

said another defibrillation electrode means is part of said second sensor means.

13. A method of controlling both atrial and ventricular pathologic dysrhythmias, including:

sensing atrial and ventricular dysrhythmias utilizing respective recognition criteria,

normally modifying the recognition criteria for ventricular dysrhythmias if it is determined that the patient is undergoing exercise and removing the modification when the patient returns to a state of rest,

providing tiered electrical therapies for application to the heart to treat the sensed dysrhythmia,

responding to a sensed dysrhythmia in the fight ventricle and to a sensed atrial dysrhythmia in the right atrium as indicative that the atrial dysrhythmia is primary, by treating both the ventricular dysrhythmia and the atrial dysrhythmia with one of the tiered therapies applied solely to the atrium, while avoiding modification of the recognition criteria.

14. The method of claim 13, in which:

the step of applying a tiered therapy solely to the atrium is performed by applying a cardioversion therapy applied to an atrial electrode which is also used for sensing the atrial ECG.

15. The method of claim 13, wherein:

the dysrhythmia in the right ventricle is sensed by detecting the R-R interval of the patient'"'"'s electrical cardiac activity.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein:

determination that the ventricular dysrhythmia is arising from atrial dysrhythmia is made upon sensing an irregular R-R interval.