Time shift keying digital communications system

• US 5,406,584 A
• Filed: 09/01/1992
• Issued: 04/11/1995
• Est. Priority Date: 09/01/1992
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: X-COM Systems LLC (Bird Technologies Group Incorporated)
• Original Assignee: X-Com Incorporated
• Inventors: Erisman, David E.
• Primary Examiner(s): Chin, Stephen
• Assistant Examiner(s): GHEBRETINSAE, TEMESGHEN
• Application Number:
  US07/937,740
• Time in Patent Office: 952 Days
• Field of Search: 375/47, 375/45, 375/62, 375/88, 375/89, 375/90, 375/48, 375/49, 375/23, 332/100, 329/300
• US Class Current: 375/272
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 25/4902 Pulse width modulation; Pulse position modulation
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 27/2025 in which the phase changes in a piecewise linear manner within each symbol period

Abstract

A digital modulation technique is disclosed which is unique in that it does not utilize fixed time slots for varying the characteristics of an electromagnetic carrier signal, but actually uses variations of the time slots to transfer the digital information. The modulation is created by using direct digital synthesis techniques to produce a carrier waveform that closely approximates a sine wave carrier signal that can vary the time it takes for each peak to occur. The peaks of the carrier are tightly controlled to occur at exact discrete time slots that correspond to certain base band digital data. The time slot changes occur precisely at the sine wave peaks to minimize the bandwidth requirement and maximize the data rate.

Claims

1. A method of modulating a plurality of digital data blocks as carrier segments of a carrier, the method of modulating comprising the steps of:

sequentially receiving the plurality of digital data blocks, wherein each of the plurality of digital data blocks has a predetermined discrete value associated therewith out of a predetermined number of possibly assigned discrete values; and

modulating each of the plurality of digital data blocks selecting a time duration for each successive carrier segment located between each successive peak of the carrier from a set of a predetermined number of possibly assigned time durations, each of the predetermined number of possibly assigned time durations being associated with one of the predetermined number of possibly assigned values of the sequentially received plurality of digital data blocks, respectively.

2. The method as claimed in claim 1, further comprising the steps of:

detecting the completion of the carrier segment; and

controlling the selection of the time duration when the completion of the carrier segment is detected.

3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the carrier segment is constructed from sine wave amplitude coefficients.

4. The method as claimed in claim 3, further comprising the steps of:

detecting the completion of the carrier segment by monitoring the sine wave amplitude coefficients to determine when the sine wave amplitude coefficient corresponding to one of said successive peaks of the carrier segment is recognized; and

controlling the selection of the time duration when the completion of the carrier segment is detected.

5. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the carrier includes a cycle comprising two of the carrier segments.

6. A method of transmitting a plurality of digital data blocks along a communications path as sinusoidal carrier segments of a carrier and receiving the carrier from the communications path to recover the plurality of digital data blocks, the method comprising the steps of:

sequentially receiving the plurality of digital data blocks, wherein each of the plurality of digital data blocks has a predetermined discrete value associated therewith out of a predetermined number of discrete values;

modulating each of the plurality of digital data blocks received by selecting a time duration for each successive sinusoidal carrier segment located between each successive peak of the carrier wherein the selected time duration is associated with one of a predetermined number of possibly assigned discrete values of the sequentially received plurality of digital data blocks, respectively, whereby each time duration establishes when a next successive peak of the carrier occurs from a previous peak of the carrier;

transmitting the carrier along the communications path;

detecting the carrier within the communications path transmitted therein in said transmitting step;

measuring the elapsed time between each successive peak of the carrier detected in said detecting step, thereby measuring the time duration of each sinusoidal carrier segment;

determining which one of a predetermined number of discrete frequencies is associated with each time duration of each of the sinusoidal carrier segments as measured in said measuring step;

assigning a respective one of the predetermined number of possibly assigned discrete values to each time duration measured in said measuring step in accordance with the predetermined discrete value associated with the discrete frequency associated with each respective time duration as determined in the determining step; and

recovering each of said plurality of digital data blocks by reconstructing each of said plurality of digital data blocks in accordance with the assigned discrete values assigned to each time duration in said assigning step.

7. The method as claimed in claim 6, further including the steps of:

detecting the completion of the carrier segment; and

controlling the selection of the time duration when the completion of the carrier segment is detected.

8. The method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the carrier includes a cycle comprising two of the carrier segments.

9. The method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the carrier segment is constructed from sine wave amplitude coefficients.

10. The method as claimed in claim 9, further comprising the steps of:

detecting the completion of the carrier segment by monitoring the sine wave amplitude coefficients to determine when the sine wave amplitude coefficient corresponding to a peak of the carrier segment is recognized; and

controlling the selection of the time duration when the completion of the carrier segment is detected.

11. A time shift keying digital communications system for generating a carrier having carrier segments, comprising:

an input data line for sequentially receiving a plurality of digital data blocks, wherein each of said plurality of digital data blocks has a predetermined discrete value associated therewith out of a predetermined number of possibly assigned discrete values;

modulation means, having an input end, a first output end, and a second output end, for constructing said carrier having carrier segments at said first output end in accordance with a control signal received at said input end, each said carrier segment having a time duration selected from a set of predetermined discrete time durations, each one thereof being associated with one of said predetermined number of possibly assigned discrete values of said plurality of digital data blocks;

carrier segment completion detection means for detecting when said modulation means has constructed said carrier segment from one peak thereof to another successive peak thereof, wherein said carrier segment completion detection means is connected to said second output end of said modulation means; and

a controller for producing said control signal to select the time duration in accordance with each sequentially received one of said plurality of digital data blocks, said controller having a first input connected to said input data line, a second input connected to said carrier segment completion detection means, and an output connected to said input end of said modulation means.

12. A time shift keying digital communications system as claimed in claim 11, further comprising transmission means for transmitting said carrier from said first output end of said modulation means, along a communication path.

13. A time shift keying digital communications system as claimed in claim 12, further comprising:

a receiver receiving said carrier transmitted along said communications path by said transmission means;

filtering means for filtering noise from said carrier received by said receiver;

peak detection means for detecting the time duration between each successive peak of said carrier filtered by said filtering means; and

time shift detector means for detecting the time duration of each carrier segment between each successive peak of said carrier as determined by said peak detection means.

14. A time shift keying digital communications system as claimed in claim 13, wherein said peak detection means includes:

an operational amplifier having a negative input, a positive input, and an output end;

said negative input of said operational amplifier being connected to said filtering means; and

a delay circuit having a delay circuit input end connected to said filtering means, said delay circuit having a delay circuit output end connected to said positive input of said operational amplifier.

15. A time shift keying digital communications system as claimed in claim 13, wherein said peak detection means produces a succession of pulses having widths proportional to the time duration of each of the sequentially received plurality of digital data blocks.

16. A time shift keying digital communications system as claimed in claim 11, wherein said modulation means includes:

a phase accumulator circuit connected to controller for accepting said control signal, said phase accumulator circuit producing a succession of phase addresses in accordance with said control signal; and

a look-up table connected to said phase accumulator circuit for receiving said succession of phase addresses, said look-up table having sine wave coefficients stored in association with phase address locations, wherein said look-up table produces a succession of sine wave coefficients in response to said succession of phase addresses.

17. A time shift keying digital communications system as claimed in claim 16, wherein said carrier segment completion detection means is coupled to said phase accumulator circuit for receiving said succession of phase addresses.

18. A time shift keying digital communications system as claimed in claim 16, wherein said modulation means further includes:

a digital-to-analog converter having an input connected to said look-up table for converting said succession of sine wave coefficients into analog signals; and

a filter for receiving said analog signals from said digital-to-analog converter to obtain a sinusoidal waveform.

19. A time shift keying digital communications system as claimed in claim 11, wherein said carrier includes a cycle comprising two of said carrier segments.

20. A time shift keying digital communications system as claimed in claim 11, wherein said carrier is a sinusoidal waveform.