Multilayered barrier structures

• US 5,407,713 A
• Filed: 10/20/1993
• Issued: 04/18/1995
• Est. Priority Date: 12/18/1991
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: 3M Innovative Properties Company (3M Company)
• Original Assignee: Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Co (3M Company)
• Inventors: Rolando, Richard J., Wilfong, Debra L.
• Primary Examiner(s): Buffalow, Edith
• Application Number:
  US08/141,211
• Time in Patent Office: 545 Days
• Field of Search: 428/515, 428/522, 428/364, 428/34.1, 424/449
• US Class Current: 428/34.1
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 5/445 Colostomy, ileostomy or urethrostomy devices A61F5/441, A61F5/442, A61F5/443 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 48/00 Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor extrusion blow-moulding B29C49/04
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 48/07 Flat, e.g. panels
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 48/08 flexible, e.g. films
• CPC Class Codes: B29K 2995/0067 non-permeable
• CPC Class Codes: B29K 2995/0069 non-permeable
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2307/7242 Non-permeable
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2307/7244 Oxygen barrier
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2307/7265 Non-permeable
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2439/70 Food packaging
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2439/80 Medical packaging
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2535/00 Medical equipment, e.g. bandage, prostheses or catheter
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2555/02 Diapers or napkins
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 27/08 of synthetic resin
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 37/085 Quenching
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 37/153 at least one layer is extruded and immediately laminated while in semi-molten state
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 37/203 One or more of the layers being plastic
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 5/022 Non-woven fabric
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 5/024 Woven fabric
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 7/12 using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/13 : Hollow or container type article [e.g., tube, vase, etc.]
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/2913 : Rod, strand, filament or fiber
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/31909 : Next to second addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/31935 : Ester, halide or nitrile of addition polymer

Abstract

Multilayered barrier structures comprising a gas barrier layer of a non-chlorine containing organic polymer which is substantially impermeable to oxygen gas and a moisture barrier layer of a mesophase propylene-based material are provided. These structures are environmentally compatible and radiation resistant, and exhibit one or more additional properties, including gas barrier properties, moisture barrier properties, toughness, heat sealability, softness, and quietness during wrinkling. Also provided are methods of preparing and using such multilayered barrier structures, and articles, such as films, pouches, and tubings, formed from these structures, as well as multilayer barrier structures with additional graft layers affixed thereto through the application of a dose of ionizing radiation.

Claims

1. A multilayered structure comprising:

(a) a gas barrier layer having opposing sides, and comprising a non-chlorine containing organic polymer which is substantially impermeable to oxygen gas;

(b) at least one moisture barrier layer comprising a mesophase propylene-based material contacting at least one of the sides of the gas barrier layer; and

(c) a graft layer affixed to at least a portion of the multilayered structure by a dosage of ionizing radiation.

2. A multilayered structure according to claim 1, wherein the non-chlorine containing organic polymer is a vinyl-alcohol-containing polymer.

3. A multilayered structure according to claim 1, wherein the non-chlorine containing organic polymer is selected from the group consisting of polyacrylonitrile, polystyrene, polyester, nylon, and combinations thereof.

4. A multilayered structure according to claim 1, wherein the non-chlorine containing organic polymer exhibits a permeability to oxygen gas of less than about 100 cc/m² /d-atm at 25°

C. and 0% relative humidity.

5. A multilayered structure according to claim 1 wherein the non-chlorine containing organic polymer exhibits a permeability to oxygen gas of less than about 30 cc/m² /d-atm at 25°

C. and 0% relative humidity.

6. A multilayered structure according to claim 1, wherein the mesophase propylene-based material is selected from the group consisting of mesomorphous polypropylene, a mesopolymer blend, a mesocopolymer, and combinations thereof.

7. A multilayered structure according to claim 1, wherein the ionizing radiation comprises electron-beam radiation at a dosage of from about 5 kGy to about 200 kGy.

8. A multilayered structure according to claim 1, wherein the graft layer enhances one or more properties of the multilayered structure, including surface adhesion, coefficient of friction, oxygen permeability, moisture permeability, or combinations thereof.

9. A multilayered structure according to claim 8, wherein the graft layer comprises a surface adhesion layer formed by affixing to the multilayered structure a compound selected from the group consisting of acrylic acid, dimethylacrylamide, N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone, a copolymer of N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone and trimethylolpropanetriacrylate, glycidyl acrylate, hydroxyethyl acrylate, hydroxymethyl acrylate, 2-vinyl pyrridine, sulfoethyl methacrylate, diisopropylacrylamide, N,N-diethylamino acrylate, and combinations thereof.

10. A multilayered structure according to claim 1, wherein the multilayered structure further comprises one or more adhesive layers disposed between the gas barrier layer and moisture barrier layer.

11. A multilayered structure according to claim 10, wherein the adhesive layer comprises a functionalized olefin polymer selected from the group consisting of an anhydride of a polyolefin, an acid of a polyolefin, an acid/anhydride of a polyolefin, and combinations thereof.

12. A multilayered structure according to claim 11, wherein the adhesive layer comprises a functionalized mesocopolymer.

13. A multilayered structure according to claim 1, wherein the coextruded multilayered structure comprises a film, a tube, a fiber, a microfiber, an ostomy pouch, a transdermal drug-delivery patch, a tape, or a packaging material.

14. A multilayered structure according to claim 1, wherein said multilayered structure further comprises a tempering additive selected from the group consisting of ethylene copolymers, polybutylene, and polybutylene copolymers.

15. A multilayered structure according to claim 1, wherein said multilayered structure resists degradation after exposure to ionizing radiation dosages up to 200 kGy.

16. A multilayered structure according to claim 1, wherein said multilayered structure resists degradation after exposure to ionizing radiation dosages up to 60 kGy at a substantially slower rate than a comparable structure with moisture barrier layers lacking mesophase propylene-based material.

17. A multilayered structure according to claim 1, wherein said multilayered structure is laminated to a fabric backing.

18. A multilayered structure according to claim 17, wherein said fabric backing comprises a nonwoven material.

19. A radiation resistant article formed from a multilayered structure comprising:

(a) a gas barrier layer having opposing sides, and comprising a non-chlorine containing organic polymer which is substantially impermeable to oxygen gas;

(b) at least one moisture barrier layer comprising a mesophase propylene-based material contacting at least one of the sides of the gas barrier layer, wherein the article is quenched immediately after being melt extruded; and

(c) a graft layer affixed to at least a portion of the radiation resistant article by a dosage of ionizing radiation.

20. A radiation resistant article according to claim 19, wherein the graft layer enhances one or more properties of the article, including surface adhesion, coefficient of friction, oxygen permeability, moisture permeability, or combinations thereof.

21. A radiation resistant article according to claim 20, wherein the graft layer comprises a surface adhesion layer formed by affixing to the multilayered structure a compound selected from the group consisting of acrylic acid, dimethylacrylamide, N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone, a copolymer of N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone and trimethylolpropanetriacrylate, glycidyl acrylate, hydroxyethyl acrylate, hydroxymethyl acrylate, 2-vinyl pyrridine, sulfoethyl methacrylate, diisopropylacrylamide, N,N-diethylamino acrylate, and combinations thereof.

22. A radiation resistant article according to claim 19, wherein the article comprises a film, a fiber, a microfiber, a tube, an ostomy pouch, a tape, a transdermal drug delivery patch, or a packaging material.