Method and apparatus to reduce injury to the vascular system
First Claim
1. A method of reducing the magnitude of systolic blood pressure of a living being by the use of passive pressure absorption means comprising a first chamber having a gas therein pressurizing said chamber to a predetermined internal pressure, said chamber being expandable to an expanded state and contractible to a contracted state, and vice versa, said method comprising locating said first chamber within the body of said being at a desired situs to subject said first chamber to the being'"'"'s blood pressure, whereupon during systole said first chamber contracts from said expanded state to said contracted state to thereby reduce the magnitude of the systolic pressure, said first chamber expanding to said expanded stated during diastole, whereupon said first chamber releases an absorbed portion of said systolic blood pressure.
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Abstract
An apparatus and method for reducing peak systolic blood pressure and the rate of change of velocity of the blood flow in a living being by passively absorbing a portion of the blood pressure during systole. The apparatus comprises an expandable/contractible chamber, e.g., a balloon, which is internally pressurized by a gas, e.g., carbon dioxide. The chamber has a surface portion which is moveable between first and second positions and vice versa when the chamber is contracted and expanded, respectively. The chamber is sufficiently small to be located at a desired situs, such as the aorta, so that the surface portion is subjected to blood pressure, whereupon it moves to the second position during systole to reduce the magnitude thereof while also reducing the rate of change of the velocity of the blood flow. The chamber expands so that the surface portion automatically returns to the first position to release an absorbed portion of the blood pressure during diastole, all the while maintaining average blood flow and pressure. A releasable anchoring mechanism is provided to hold the chamber in place within the patient'"'"'s body.
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Citations
60 Claims
- 1. A method of reducing the magnitude of systolic blood pressure of a living being by the use of passive pressure absorption means comprising a first chamber having a gas therein pressurizing said chamber to a predetermined internal pressure, said chamber being expandable to an expanded state and contractible to a contracted state, and vice versa, said method comprising locating said first chamber within the body of said being at a desired situs to subject said first chamber to the being'"'"'s blood pressure, whereupon during systole said first chamber contracts from said expanded state to said contracted state to thereby reduce the magnitude of the systolic pressure, said first chamber expanding to said expanded stated during diastole, whereupon said first chamber releases an absorbed portion of said systolic blood pressure.
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14. A method of reducing the magnitude of systolic blood pressure of a living being by the use of passive pressure absorption means comprising a first chamber and a second chamber in fluid communication with each other, said first chamber having a gas therein and being expandable to an expanded state and contractible to a contracted state, and vice versa, said method comprising locating said second chamber outside the body of said being, locating said first chamber within the body of said being at a desired situs to subject said first chamber to the being'"'"'s blood pressure, whereupon during systole said first chamber contracts from said expanded state to said contracted state to thereby reduce the magnitude of the systolic pressure, said first chamber expanding to said expanded stated during diastole, whereupon said chamber releases an absorbed portion of said systolic blood pressure.
- 15. A method of reducing the magnitude of the change in velocity of the flow of blood in a living being by the use of passive means comprising a first chamber having a gas therein pressurizing said chamber to a predetermined internal pressure, said chamber being expandable to an expanded state and contractible to a contracted state, and vice versa, said method comprising locating said first chamber within the body of said being at a desired situs to subject said first chamber to the being'"'"'s blood flow, whereupon during systole said first chamber contracts from said expanded state to said contracted state to thereby reduce the magnitude of the change in velocity of said blood, said first chamber expanding to said expanded state during diastole.
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27. A method of reducing the magnitude of the change in velocity of the flow of blood in a living being by the use of passive means comprising a first chamber and a second chamber in fluid communication with each other, said first chamber having a gas therein and being expandable to an expanded state and contractible to a contracted state, and vice versa, said method comprising locating said second chamber outside the body of said being, locating said first chamber within the body of said being at a desired situs to subject said first chamber to the being'"'"'s blood flow, whereupon during systole said first chamber contracts from said expanded state to said contracted state to thereby reduce the magnitude of the change in velocity of said blood, said first chamber expanding to said expanded stated during diastole.
- 28. An apparatus for reducing the magnitude of systolic blood pressure in the cardiovascular system of a living being, said apparatus comprising passive pressure absorption means, said passive pressure absorption means comprising a first chamber means having a gas therein which is pressurized to a predetermined internal pressure, said chamber means for expansion and contraction when subjected to the being'"'"'s blood pressure, said first chamber means being arranged to be located at a desired situs within the body of said being so that said first chamber is subjected to the being'"'"'s blood pressure, whereupon the first chamber means contracts to a contracted state by said blood pressure during systole to reduce the magnitude of systolic pressure, and expands to an expanded state during diastole.
- 46. An apparatus for reducing the magnitude of the change in velocity of blood flow in a living being, said apparatus comprising first chamber means for expansion and contraction when subjected to said being'"'"'s blood pressure and having a gas therein which is pressurized to a predetermined internal pressure, said first chamber means being arranged to be located at a desired situs within the body of said being so that said first chamber means is subjected to the being'"'"'s blood flow, whereupon said first chamber means contracts to a contracted state by said blood flow during systole to thereby reduce the magnitude of the change in its velocity, said first chamber means expanding to an expanded stated during diastole.
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59. An apparatus for reducing the magnitude of systolic blood pressure in the cardiovascular system of a living being, said apparatus comprising passive pressure absorption means, said passive pressure absorption means comprising a first chamber means and a second chamber means in fluid communication with each other, said second chamber means being arranged to be located outside the body of said being, said first chamber means for expansion and contraction when subjected to the being'"'"'s blood pressure and having a gas therein, said first chamber means being arranged to be located at a desired situs within the body of said being so that said first chamber means is subjected to the being'"'"'s blood pressure, whereupon the first chamber means contracts to a contracted state by said blood pressure during systole to reduce the magnitude of systolic pressure and expands to an expanded state during diastole.
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60. An apparatus for reducing the magnitude of the change in velocity of blood flow in a living being, said apparatus comprising a first chamber means and a second chamber means in fluid communication with each other, said second chamber means being arranged for location outside the body of said being, said first chamber means for expansion and contraction when subjected to said being'"'"'s blood pressure and having a gas therein, said first chamber means being arranged for location at a desired situs within the body of said being so that said first chamber means is subjected to the being'"'"'s blood flow, whereupon the first chamber means contracts to a contracted state by said blood flow during systole to thereby reduce the magnitude of the change in its velocity and expands to an expanded state during diastole.
Specification