Active can emulator and method of use

• US 5,411,539 A
• Filed: 08/31/1993
• Issued: 05/02/1995
• Est. Priority Date: 08/31/1993
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Reed A. Duthler
• Original Assignee: Medtronic Incorporated (Medtronic Plc)
• Inventors: Neisz, Hans J.
• Primary Examiner(s): Cohen, Lee S.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Jastrzab, Jeffrey R.
• Application Number:
  US08/114,719
• Time in Patent Office: 609 Days
• Field of Search: 607/27, 607/29, 607/31, 607/33, 607/36, 607/37, 607/116, 607/119, 607/148
• US Class Current: 607/36
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/375 Constructional arrangements, e.g. casings
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/37512 Pacemakers
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/3758 Packaging of the components within the casing
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/3943 for threshold determination

Abstract

An active can emulator for emulating the electrical and dimensional characteristics of an implantable pulse generator of the type having a hermetically sealed housing configured to operate as an active electrode and a connector block for receiving and connecting with a lead extending to a second active electrode. The emulator comprises a reusable, sterilizable, conductive can conforming to the dimensional characteristics of the hermetically sealed housing of the implantable pulse generator and having a first electrical and mechanical connector and a disposable lead having a second electrical and mechanical connector for mating attachment with the first connector formed as part of a header configured to conform to the dimensional characteristics of the connector block of the emulated pulse generator. In use, the testing of defibrillation thresholds and system performance is conducted by implanting a transvenous lead bearing an electrode disposed in the patient'"'"'s heart, creating the surgical pocket opening to receive the pulse generator, using the active can emulator to enlarge the surgical pocket while positioning it therein, coupling the transvenous lead and the lead of the active can emulator to an external cardioverter, inducing a tachyarrythmia in the patient'"'"'s heart, and operating the external cardioverter to deliver one or more cardioverting pulses to the patient'"'"'s heart through the two electrodes to determine whether or not the patient'"'"'s heart can be satisfactorily cardioverted. The testing may be repeated with variations in the positioning of the active can emulator to locate a position providing a satisfactory safety factor. After testing is completed, the lead may be disposed of, but the can may be cleaned and resterilized conventionally and reused on other patients.

Claims

1. A pulse generator emulator operable as a subcutaneous electrode for use with at least one remote electrode in testing the efficacy of electrical stimulation of a body organ with an implantable pulse generator, comprising:

an emulator housing, configured to emulate the characteristics of a hermetically sealed housing of an implantable pulse generator of the type having a connector block attached thereto, said emulator housing having an electrode on a surface thereof and first connector means attached to the emulator housing for making electrical connection to the electrode; and

an elongated lead including a conductor extending from a proximal end to a distal end thereof, a second connector means for coupling to a defibrillator, located at the proximal end and coupled to said conductor, a header permanently mounted to the distal end of the lead configured to emulate the connector block of the implantable pulse generator and third connector means mounted to said header and coupled to said conductor, for removably connecting with said first connector means.

2. The emulator of claim 1 wherein said first connector means and said third connector means further each comprise a pair of spaced apart connector elements for providing redundant electrical connection of the proximal end of the lead to the electrode on the emulator housing and for inhibiting relative movement of the header with respect to the emulator housing when mechanical attachment is made.

3. The emulator of claim 2 wherein said first connector means comprises a pair of spaced-apart male connector elements extending from said emulator housing for providing redundant electrical connection to said emulator housing and said third connector means comprises a pair of female connector elements spaced-apart in the same manner as said pair of male connector elements and electrically connected to one another for providing redundant electrical connection between said proximal end of said lead and said electrode on said emulator housing and for inhibiting relative movement of said header with respect to said emulator housing when mechanical attachment is made.

4. The emulator of claim 2 wherein said lead is adapted to be disposed of after use in emulation of a stimulation regimen in a single patient and said emulator housing is constructed of sterilizable materials and adapted to be sterilized and reused after use in a single patient.

5. The emulator of claim 1 wherein said lead is adapted to be disposed of after use in emulation of a stimulation regimen in a single patient and said emulator housing is constructed of sterilizable materials and adapted to be sterilized and reused after use in each patient.

6. A method of testing a patient for suitability of implantation of a defibrillator pulse generator having a housing and an active housing surface electrode on its housing for use with at least a first lead bearing a remote electrode, wherein the testing is conducted by:

implanting the first lead with the remote electrode in an intended position for permanent implantation;

implanting a reusable, dummy housing shaped electrode, with a detachable and disposable connector and second lead attached thereto, the dummy housing shaped electrode having dimensional characteristics corresponding to those of the defibrillator pulse generator housing, in an expected position for permanent implantation of the pulse generator housing;

coupling the first and second lead to an external cardioverter;

inducing a tachyrhythmia in the patient'"'"'s heart; and

operating the external cardioverter to deliver one or more cardioverting pulses to the patient'"'"'s heart through the dummy housing shaped electrode and the remote electrode to determine pulse characteristics sufficient to effect cardioversion.

7. The method of claim 6 further comprising the steps of:

removing the dummy housing shaped electrode and second lead from the implant site;

detaching and disposing of the second lead and connector; and

retaining the dummy housing shaped electrode for cleaning, sterilization and reuse.

8. The method of claim 7 further comprising repeating the steps of:

implanting the dummy housing shaped electrode and second lead at further intended implantation locations of the pulse generator housing;

inducing a tachyarrhythmia of the patient'"'"'s heart at each such location; and

delivering cardioversion pulses and determining a threshold energy necessary for successful cardioversion at each such position.

9. The method of claim 8 further comprising the step of identifying a suitable position for permanent implantation of the implantable pulse generator and wherein the steps of removing, detaching and retaining are conducted after a suitable position is identified.

10. The method of claim 6 wherein:

the step of implanting the first lead further comprises;

transvenously implanting the first lead with the remote electrode in contact with the patient'"'"'s heart;

and the step of implanting a reusable, dummy housing shaped electrode, with a detachable and disposable connector and second lead attached thereto comprises;

surgically creating a subcutaneous pocket beneath the patient'"'"'s skin; and

inserting the dummy housing shaped electrode into the subcutaneous pocket, facing toward the patient'"'"'s heart, with the second lead extending from the subcutaneous pocket for attachment to the external cardioverter.

11. The method of claim 6 wherein the step of operating the external cardioverter further comprises the step of:

delivering an asymmetrical, biphasic capacitive discharge pulse between the remote electrode and the dummy housing shaped electrode.

12. A method of testing defibrillation thresholds and system performance of an implantable defibrillator pulse generator and electrode system of the type having a hermetically sealed housing surface configured to operate as a first active electrode and a connector block for receiving and connecting with an implantable lead comprising a second active electrode comprising the steps of:

providing an active can emulator for emulating the electrical and dimensional characteristics of the implantable pulse generator and comprising a reusable, sterilizable, conductive can conforming to the dimensional characteristics of the hermetically sealed housing surface of the implantable pulse generator and having a first electrical and mechanical connector and a disposable lead having a second electrical and mechanical connector for mating attachment with the first connector formed as part of a header configured to conform to the dimensional characteristics of the connector block of the implantable pulse generator;

implanting the implantable lead with the remote electrode disposed in relation to a patient'"'"'s heart;

creating a surgical pocket to receive the implantable pulse generator;

implanting the active can emulator in the surgical pocket;

inducing a tachyrhythmia in the patient'"'"'s heart; and

delivering one or more cardioverting pulses to the patient'"'"'s heart through the first and second active electrodes to determine whether or not the patient'"'"'s heart can be satisfactorily cardioverted.

13. The method of claim 12 further comprising the steps of:

removing the active can emulator from the surgical pocket after testing is completed;

disconnecting and disposing of the disposable lead; and

cleaning, resterilizing and retaining the conductive can for reuse in testing other patients.