Device for forming tone source data using analyzed parameters

• US 5,412,152 A
• Filed: 10/15/1992
• Issued: 05/02/1995
• Est. Priority Date: 10/18/1991
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Yamaha Corporation
• Original Assignee: Yamaha Corporation
• Inventors: Fujii, Shigeki, Ohtani, Yasushi, Kageyama, Yasuo
• Primary Examiner(s): Witkowski, Stanley J.
• Application Number:
  US07/963,445
• Time in Patent Office: 929 Days
• Field of Search: 84/601-608, 84/627, 84/629, 84/622-625, 84/659-665, 84/DIG. 9, 84/633
• US Class Current: 84/607
• CPC Class Codes: G10H 1/06 Circuits for establishing the harmonic content of tones , or other arrangements for changing the tone colour
• CPC Class Codes: G10H 2250/031 Spectrum envelope processing
• CPC Class Codes: G10H 2250/235 Fourier transform; Discrete Fourier Transform [DFT]; Fast Fourier Transform [FFT]
• CPC Class Codes: G10H 2250/621 Waveform interpolation
• CPC Class Codes: G10H 7/10 using coefficients or parameters stored in a memory, e.g. Fourier coefficients G10H7/12 takes precedence

Abstract

Tone waveform data is divided into plural data segments, so that frequency and magnitude of respective spectra contained therein are analyzed for each of the data segments. Analyzation parameters indicative of the frequency and magnitude of the respective spectra for each said data segment which has been obtained through the analyzation is stored into a memory. The analyzation parameter for each data segment is sequentially read out from the memory, and the tone waveform data is reanalyzed on the basis of the read-out parameter. To control the frequency of a resulting tone, a data shift circuit may be provided which serves to shift the value of the frequency data contained in the analyzation parameters. Further, an interpolation circuit may be provided which performs interpolations between frequency data and/or magnitude data of respective spectra of a certain waveform, and frequency data and/or magnitude data of respective spectra of another waveform, so as to form frequency data and magnitude data of respective spectra of a new waveform.

Claims

1. A tone source device comprising:

memory means for storing analyzation parameters indicative of frequency and magnitude of respective spectra contained in each of plural frequency band areas of a predetermined audible reproduction region of plural data segments corresponding to a first tone waveform, said data segments being successive parts of the first tone waveform;

reading means for sequentially reading out the analyzation parameters for each of said data segments; and

synthesization means for, for each of said data segments, forming synthesized tone waveform data on the basis of the analyzation parameters read out from said memory means.

2. A tone source device as defined in claim 1 which further comprises data shift operation means for performing arithmetic operations by shifting a value of frequency data contained in the analyzat ion parameter read out from sa id memory means, in accordance with control data.

3. A tone source device as defined in claim 1 which further comprises interpolation means for performing an interpolation on the analyzat ion parameters of the respective spectra between different waveforms.

4. A tone source device as defined in claim 1 which further comprises:

spectrum envelope data supplying means for supplying spectrum envelope data of a second tone waveform that is different from said first tone waveform read out from said memory means, and

modification means for modifying magnitude data of respective spectra of the first tone waveform read out from said memory means, using the spectrum envelope data of the second tone waveform supplied by said spectrum envelope data supplying means, and

wherein said synthesization means forms new synthesized tone waveform data on the basis of frequency data of the respective spectra of the first tone waveform read out from said memory means and the magnitude data of the respective spectra modified by said modification means.

5. A tone source device as defined in claim 1 which further comprises:

storage means for storing spectrum ratio envelope data indicative of a ratio of the spectrum envelope of a second tone waveform relative to a spectrum envelope of said first tone waveform, and

modification means for modifying the magnitude data of the respective spectra of the first tone waveform read out from said memory means, by the spectrum ratio envelope data stored in said storage means, and

wherein said synthesization means forms new synthesized tone waveform data on the basis of the frequency data of the respective spectra of the first tone waveform read out from said memory means and the magnitude data of the respective spectra modified by said modification means.

6. A tone source device as defined in claim 1 which further comprises control means for controlling said reading means to repeatedly read out the analyzation parameters corresponding to one or more of said data segments.

7. A tone source device as defined in claim 6 in which said control means is capable of variably designating the data segments corresponding respectively to a start point and an end point for repeated readout of the analyzation parameters, and said control means controls said reading means to repeatedly read out the analyzat ion parameters for a plurality of the data segments from the data segment corresponding to the start point to the data segment corresponding to the end point.

8. A tone source device as defined in claim 7 in which said control means is capable of changing the start and end points during the repeated readout of the analyzation parameters.

9. A tone source device as defined in claim 7 in which said control means is capable of designating, as the data segment corresponding to the start point, such a data segment that should, in a normal readout mode, be read out later than the data segment corresponding to the end point, so that the readout of the analyzation parameters for the plurality of the data segments is performed in an opposite direction to a direction followed in the normal readout mode.

10. A tone source device as defined in claim 1 which further comprises change means for, when a pitch of a tone to be generated is desired to be changed legato from a first pitch to a second pitch, progressively changing, with a predetermined characteristic, a value of the frequency data contained in the analyzat ion parameter read out from said memory means, from a value corresponding to the first pitch to a value corresponding to the second pitch.

11. A tone source device as defined in claim 10 which further comprises volume control means for controlling, with a predetermined characteristic, a volume of the synthesized tone waveform data formed by said synthesization means, when a pitch change control is performed by said change means.

12. A tone source device as defined in claim 1 in which said memory means stores the analyzation parameters each of said data segments, with respect to plural tone waveform data different at least in pitch, and said reading means reads out the analyzation parameters for each of said data segments, with respect to the plural tone waveform data corresponding to the tone to be generated, and

which further comprises control means for, when a pitch of a tone to be generated is desired to be changed legato from a first pitch to a second pitch, controlling said reading means to start reading out the analyzation parameters corresponding to the second pitch, from the data segment corresponding to a segment order assigned to the data segment associated with the analyzation parameter that has been read out just before then with respect to the first pitch.

13. A tone source device as defined in claim 12 in which said control means controls said reading means so that if there is no data segment corresponding to said order with respect to the second pitch, said reading means starts reading out the analyzation parameters corresponding to the second pitch, from the data segment corresponding to a predetermined order.

14. A tone source device as defined in claim 13 which further comprises loop control means for controlling said reading means to repeatedly read out the analyzation parameters corresponding to one or more of the data segments, and where in said predetermined order is a segment order of the data segment corresponding to the start point for the repeated readout.

15. A tone source device as defined in claim 1 which further comprises means for supplying control data that is variable in control value represented thereby, and control means for variably controlling an interval at which the analyzation parameter for each of said data segments is sequentially read out by said reading means.

16. A tone source device as defined in claim 15 in which said control data is velocity data representative of intensity of a performance operation.

17. A tone source device as defined in claim 1 which further comprises:

vibrato analyzation means for analyzing a vibrato characteristic in the input tone waveform data so as to output vibrato waveform data corresponding to the analyzed vibrato characteristic;

vibrato memory means for storing the vibrato waveform data;

means for reading out the vibrato waveform data from the vibrato memory means, and

modulation means for modulating frequency data contained in the analyzation parameters read out from said memory means, with the vibrato waveform data,

whereby said synthesization means forms synthesized tone waveform data having a vibrato effect, by the modulated frequency data.

18. A tone source device as defined in claim 1 which further comprises adjustment means for adjusting at least one of frequency data and magnitude data that are contained in the analyzation parameter read out from said memory means, so that synthesized tone waveform data is formed by said synthesization means using the adjusted analyzation parameter.

19. A tone source device as defined in claim 18 in which said adjustment means comprises means for supplying as a time function a control parameter for respective spectra, and means for changing at least one of the frequency data and magnitude data contained in the analyzation parameter in accordance with the supplied control parameter.

20. A tone source device as defined in claim 18 in which said adjustment means comprises means for supplying a control parameter for each of the spectra as a function of control data provided from outside, and means for changing at least one of the frequency data and magnitude data contained in the analyzat ion parameter for each of said spectra in accordance with the supplied control parameter.

21. A tone source device as defined in claim 20 in which said control data provided from Outside is data that is provided in correspondence to intensity of a performance made by a performer.

22. A tone source device as defined in claim 1 which further comprises analyzation means for dividing data of the tone waveform into said plural data segments and analyzing each of said data segments to produce said frequency and magnitude of respective spectra contained therein.

23. A tone source device as defined in claim 22 which further comprises normalization means for normalizing original frequency data for the respective spectra obtained through the analyzation of said analyzation means, by shifting said original frequency data in accordance with a ratio of its fundamental frequency relative to a predetermined standard frequency, so that the frequency data normalized by said normalization means is stored into said memory means.

24. A tone source device as defined in claim 22 which further comprises normalization means for normalizing, using a predetermined standard magnitude, original magnitude data for the respective spectra obtained through the analyzation of said analyzation means, so that the magnitude data normalized by said normalization means is stored into said memory means.

25. A tone source device as defined in claim 24 in which said predetermined standard magnitude is a magnitude of an original fundamental frequency.

26. A tone source device as defined in claim 22 which further comprises first normalization means for normalizing original frequency data for the respective spectra obtained through the analyzation of said analyzation means, by shifting said original frequency data in accordance with a ratio of its fundamental frequency relative to a predetermined standard frequency, and second normalization means for normalizing original magnitude data for respective spectra obtained through the analyzation of said analyzation means, based on a magnitude of its fundamental frequency, so that the frequency data and magnitude data normalized by said first and second normalization means are stored into sa id memory means.

27. A tone source device as defined in claim 26 in which said second normalization means removes a positive or negative sign from the normalized magnitude data so as to express the data in an absolute value.

28. A tone source device as defined in claim 26 in which said first normalization means comprises means for shifting the frequency data for the respective spectra obtained through the analyzation of said analyzation means, in accordance with the predetermined standard frequency, means for synthesizing, via said synthesization means, tone waveform data on the basis of the shifted frequency data for the respective spectra and magnitude data corresponding thereto, and means for reanalyzing, via said analyzation means, the synthesized tone waveform data for each group of plural said data segments so as to obtain frequency data of the respective spectra having said standard frequency as a fundamental frequency.

29. A tone source device as defined in claim 26 in which the normalized frequency data and magnitude data for plural tone waveforms are stored into said memory means, and which further comprises interpolation means for performing interpolation on the normalized frequency data and magnitude data between different tone waveforms, to thereby obtain frequency data and magnitude data of respective spectra of a new tone waveform.

30. A tone source device as defined in claim 29 in which the frequency data and magnitude data of the respective spectra of the new tone waveform obtained by said interpolation means are stored into said memory means.

31. A tone source device as defined in claim 22 in which said analyzation means comprises:

first analyzation process means having a plurality of band-pass filter means that have pass bands corresponding to respective ones of predetermined frequency bands, said first analyzation process means inputting the data of the tone waveform into each of said band-pass filter means and analyzing spectrum frequency and magnitude of a passed output from each of said bandpass filter means, and

second analyzation process means for, when any component corresponding to a same spectrum frequency is analyzed by said first analyzation process means across different ones of said said band-pass filter means, combining magnitude data of each sa id component associated with the same spectrum frequency to form frequency data and magnitude data of one spectrum.

32. A tone source device as defined in claim 22 in which said analyzation means comprises:

first analyzation process means having a plurality of band-pass filter means that have pass bands corresponding to respective ones of predetermined frequency bands, said first analyzation process means inputting the data of the tone waveform into each of said band-pass filter means and analyzing spectrum frequency and magnitude of a passed output from each of said bandpass filter means;

first control means for instructing said first analyzation means to analyze the data segments of the tone waveform which are input at individual ones of plural time zones that are sequentially timewise spaced from each other;

determination means responsive to analyzation data obtained for each of the time zones for determining that a certain spectrum frequency has moved from a band corresponding to a first one of said band-pass filters over to a band corresponding to a second one of said band-pass filters, when a first one of said time zones changes to a second one of said time zones, and

second control means responsive to the determination of said determination means for carrying out an exchange of the pass bands between said first and second ones of said band-pass filters and then instructing said first analyzation process means to reanalyze the spectrum frequency and magnitude associated with either of said first and second ones of said time zones.

33. A tone source device as defined in claim 31 in which said analyzat ion further comprises:

first control means for instructing said first and second analyzation process means to perform analyzation on the data segments of said tone waveform which are input at individual ones of plural time zones that are sequentially timewise spaced from each other;

determination means responsive to analyzation data obtained for each of the time zones for determining that a certain spectrum frequency has moved from a band corresponding to a first one of said band-pass filters over to a band corresponding to a second one of said band-pass filters, when a first one of said time zones changes to a second one of said time zones, and

second control means responsive to the determination of said determination means for carrying out an exchange of the pass bands between said first and second ones of said band-pass filters and then instructing said first analyzation process means to reanalyze the spectrum frequency and magnitude associated with either of said first and second ones of said time zones.

34. A tone source device as defined in claim 22 in which said analyzation means divides the data of the tone waveform into a plurality of frames along a time axis in such a manner that the frames are partly overlapped with each other timewise, and said analyzation means analyzes the frequency and magnitude of the respective spectra for each of the data segments of the tone waveform which correspond to said frame.

35. A tone source device as defined in claim 22 in which said analyzation means comprises:

plural channels each having band-pass filter means in such a manner that said filter means of said plural channels have pass bands corresponding to respective ones of predetermined frequency bands and data of the tone waveform is input into any of said band-pass filter means, said analyzation means analyzing, for each of plural time frames, spectrum frequency and magnitude of a passed output from each of said band-pass filter means so as to produce said analyzation parameters indicative of the frequency and magnitude of the respective spectra for each of data segments which correspond to said time frames.

36. A tone source device as defined in claim 35 in which said memory means stores the analyzation parameters of the respective channels which correspond to the time frames, said reading means reads out the analyzation parameters of the respective channels which correspond to a current time frame, and said synthesization means forms synthesized waveform data of data segments corresponding to the current time frame on the basis of the analyzation parameters of the respective channels.

37. A tone source device as defined in claim 1 which further comprises interpolation means for performing interpolation on the analyzation parameter between different ones of said data segments.

38. A tone source device as defined in claim 1 which further comprises shift means for shifting the frequency data contained in the analyzation parameters read out from said memory means, in accordance with a pitch of a tone to be synthesized.

39. A tone source device comprising:

spectrum data supplying means for supplying frequency data and magnitude data indicative of frequency and magnitude of respective spectra contained in each of plural frequency band areas of a predetermined audible reproduction region making up a first tone waveform;

spectrum envelope data supplying means for supplying spectrum envelope data of at least a second tone waveform;

modification means for modifying the magnitude data of the respective spectra of the first tone waveform supplied by said spectrum data supplying means, using the spectrum envelope data of the second tone waveform supplied by said spectrum envelope data; and

synthesization means for synthesizing new tone waveform data on the basis of the frequency data of the respective spectra of the first tone waveform supplied by said spectrum data supplying means and of the magnitude data of the respective spectra modified by said modification means.

40. A tone source device as defined in claim 39 in which said spectrum envelope data supplying means further supplies spectrum envelope data of the first tone waveform, and said modification means comprises means for obtaining a ratio of the spectrum envelope data of the second tone waveform relative to the spectrum envelope data of the first tone waveform and also modifies the magnitude data of the respective spectra of the first tone waveform in accordance with the obtained ratio.

41. A tone source device as defined in claim 39 in which said spectrum data supplying means comprises :

analyzation means for dividing input tone waveform data into plural data segments and analyzing frequency and magnitude of the respective spectra for each of said data segments, and

memory means for storing frequency and magnitude data of the respective spectra for each of said data segments, with respect to plural different ones of said tone waveform data.

42. A tone source device as defined in claim 41 in which said spectrum envelope data supplying means comprises means for analyzing an spectrum envelope of the input tone waveform data, and memory means for storing, with respect to plural different ones of said tone waveform data, the analyzed spectrum envelope data.

43. A tone source device comprising:

spectrum data supplying means for supplying frequency data and magnitude data indicative of frequency and magnitude of respective spectra contained in each of plural frequency band areas of a predetermined audible reproduction region making up a first tone waveform;

memory means for storing spectrum ratio envelope data indicative of a ratio of a spectrum envelope of a second tone waveform relative to a spectrum envelope of the first tone waveform,

modification means for modifying the magnitude data of the respective spectra of the first tone waveform supplied from said spectrum data supplying means, by the spectrum ratio envelope data stored in said storage means, and

synthesization means for forming new synthesized tone waveform data on the basis of the frequency data of the respective spectra of the first tone waveform supplied by said spectrum data supplying means and the magnitude data of the respective spectra modified by said modification means.

44. A method for synthesizing a tone comprising steps of:

analyzing frequency and magnitude of respective spectra contained in each of plural frequency band areas of a predetermined audible reproduction region contained in a given waveform for each of plural data segments that correspond to successive parts of the waveform;

storing analyzation parameters indicative of frequency and magnitude of the respective spectra for each of the data segments which are obtained through analyzation of said analyzing step;

reading out the stored analyzation parameters for each of said data segments in accordance with lapse of time, and

forming, for each of said data segments, synthesized tone waveform data on the basis of the read-out analyzation parameters.