Switched mode power supply circuit including a control circuit having two modes of operation each mode selected in dependence on the power to be supplied at the output

• US 5,412,556 A
• Filed: 12/28/1993
• Issued: 05/02/1995
• Est. Priority Date: 12/30/1992
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Callahan Cellular LLC (Intellectual Ventures LLC)
• Original Assignee: US Philips Corporation (Koninklijke Philips N.V.)
• Inventors: Marinus, Antonius A. M.
• Primary Examiner(s): NOT, DEFINED
• Assistant Examiner(s): Han, Y. J.
• Application Number:
  US08/174,089
• Time in Patent Office: 490 Days
• Field of Search: 363/21, 363/56, 363/97, 363/131, 363/20, 363/55, 363/95
• US Class Current: 363/21.05
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/0032 Control circuits allowing low power mode operation, e.g. in standby mode
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/40 Means for preventing magnetic saturation
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/33507 with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters H02M3/33561, H02M3/33569 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/33523 with galvanic isolation between input and output of both the power stage and the feedback loop
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 70/10 Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

Abstract

In switched-mode power supply circuits the switch is rendered conducting for a longer period (or more frequently), dependent on the load connected to the power supply circuit, so as to ensure that the transformer can transfer enough energy to the secondary side for charging the output capacitor to a sufficient extent. To ensure that the transformer can always supply all energy stored in the transformer to the secondary side, a demagnetizing detection circuit detects the demagnetization of the transformer. If the load decreases (for example, in standby operation) the on-time of the switch is reduced. However, this on-time may achieve a minimum value so that the power supply circuit no longer functions properly. To obtain an efficiently operating power supply circuit, both in normal operation and in a low-load state, the control circuit of the power supply circuit has at least two modes, i.e. a first mode (standby operation) in which the control pulses are applied to the switch at a fixed frequency and the demagnetizing signal has no influence, and a second mode (normal operation) at a variable frequency, in which second mode the frequency of the control pulses is variable and, if necessary, the demagnetizing signal can delay the control pulses applied to the switch when the transformer is not fully demagnetized.

Claims

1. A switched-mode power supply circuit, comprising:

input terminals for receiving an input voltage;

output terminals for supplying power to a load;

a series arrangement of a primary winding of a transformer and a switch, coupled in parallel to the input terminals;

a secondary winding of the transformer coupled to the output terminals;

a control circuit having an input, and an output for supplying a control signal to the switch;

means for generating a feedback signal, coupled to the input of the control circuit, which feedback signal is generated in dependence on the power supplied at the output terminals;

means for generating a demagnetizing signal coupled to the control circuit for indicating whether the transformer is demagnetized;

the control circuit having, during operation, (i) a first mode wherein the control signal has a predetermined fixed frequency and the duration of the pulses of the control signal is determined by the feedback signal, and (ii) a second mode wherein the frequency of the pulses of the control signal is variable and dependent on the feedback signal and wherein the control signal is delayed in dependence on the demagnetizing signal, the control circuit further including means for selecting one of the modes depending on the power supplied at the output terminals indicated by the feedback signal.

2. A switched-mode power supply circuit as claimed in claim 1, wherein the means for selecting selects the first mode if the feedback signal is smaller than a predetermined value.

3. A switched-mode power supply circuit as claimed in claim 1, wherein the means for selecting selects the second mode if the feedback signal is larger than a predetermined value.

4. A switched-mode power supply circuit, comprising:

input terminals for receiving an input voltage;

output terminals for supplying power to a load;

a series arrangement of a primary winding of a transformer and a switch, coupled in parallel to the input terminals;

a secondary winding of the transformer coupled to the output terminals;

a control circuit having an input, and an output for supplying a control signal to the switch;

means for generating a feedback signal coupled to the input of the control circuit and dependent upon the power supplied at the output terminals;

a further winding of the transformer, coupled to the control circuit, for generating a demagnetizing signal indicating when the transformer is demagnetized;

the control circuit having, during operation (i) a first mode wherein the control signal has a predetermined fixed frequency and the duration of the pulses of the control signal is determined by the feedback signal, and (ii) a second mode wherein the frequency of the pulses of the control signal is variable and dependent on the feedback signal and wherein the control signal is delayed if the transformer is not fully demagnetized, and wherein the control circuit includes means for selecting one of the modes depending on the power supplied at the output terminals indicated by the feedback signal.

5. A switched-mode power supply circuit, comprising:

input terminals for receiving an input voltage;

output terminals for supplying power to a load;

a series arrangement of a primary winding of a transformer and a switch, coupled in parallel to the input terminals;

a secondary winding of the transformer coupled to the output terminals;

a further winding of the transformer, coupled to as control circuit, for generating a demagnetizing signal indicating when the transformer is demagnetized;

the control circuit having (i) an input, (ii) an oscillator for generating a control signal, (iii) an output coupled to the oscillator for supplying the control signal to the switch), (iv) a demagnetization detection circuit coupled to the further winding for detecting when the transformer is demagnetized, and (v) load detection circuitry for detecting the power supplied to a load at the output terminals;

means for generating a feedback signal coupled to both the load and the load detection circuitry which feedback signal is dependent on the power supplied to the load;

the control circuit having, during operation (i) a first mode wherein the control signal has a predetermined fixed frequency and the duration of the pulses of the control signal is determined by the feedback signal, and (ii) a second mode wherein the frequency of the pulses of the control signal is variable and dependent on the feedback signal and wherein the control signal is delayed if the transformer is not fully demagnetized, the control circuit further including means for selecting one of the modes depending on the power supplied at the output terminals indicated by the feedback signal.

6. A switched mode power supply as claimed in claim 5, further including

a series arrangement of a diode and the secondary winding of the transformer coupled in parallel to the output terminals, and

a capacitor coupled in parallel to the series arrangement of the diode and the secondary winding and in parallel to the output terminals.

7. A switched mode power supply circuit as claimed in claim 5, wherein the oscillator includes means for generating an oscillator signal having a rising and falling edge and wherein the demagnetization detection circuit includes

a clamping circuit coupled to receive and clamp the demagnetizing signal;

a comparator for generating an output, having a noninverting input for receiving the output of the clamping circuit, and an inverting input for receiving a reference voltage;

a flipflop for generating an output, having a reset input coupled to the output of the comparator and a set input coupled to receive the oscillator signal; and

an AND circuit coupled to receive the output of the flipflop and the output of the comparator, and having an output coupled to the oscillator circuit.

8. A switched mode power supply circuit as claimed in claim 7, wherein the oscillator includes

a capacitor;

a first switch arranged in series with the capacitor and having an open position and a closed position;

a current source arranged in series with the first switch and the capacitor for charging the capacitor when the first switch is in the closed position;

means for discharging the capacitor coupled to the capacitor;

an operational amplifier coupled to the means for discharging;

an inverter coupled to the output of the operational amplifier;

a further flipflop for supplying an inverted output and having a set input coupled to the output of the inverter and a reset input for receiving an inverted demagnetizing signal;

a NAND circuit for receiving the inverted output of the further flipflop at a first input and a second input for receiving the inverted demagnetizing signal;

a further AND circuit for receiving the output of the NAND circuit and for receiving the output of the inverter, an output of the further AND circuit being coupled to the first switch and coupled to generate the control signal.

9. A control circuit for use in a switched-mode power supply circuit having input terminals for receiving an input voltage, output terminals for supplying power to a load, a series arrangement of a primary winding of a transformer and a switch, which series arrangement is coupled in parallel to the input terminals, means for generating a feedback signal which is dependent on the power to be supplied at the output terminals, means for generating a demagnetizing signal for indicating whether the transformers demagnetized, the control circuit comprising:

an input coupled to detect the power supplied to the load;

an output for supplying a control signal to the switch;

during operation, the control circuit having (i) a first mode wherein the control signal has a predetermined fixed frequency and the duration of the pulses of the control signal is determined by the feedback signal, and (ii) a second mode wherein the frequency of the control signal is variable and dependent on the feedback signal and wherein the control signal is delayed in dependence on the demagnetizing signal; and

means for selecting one of the modes depending on the power supplied at the output terminals indicated by the feedback signal.