High-frequency, low-profile inductor

• US 5,414,401 A
• Filed: 02/20/1992
• Issued: 05/09/1995
• Est. Priority Date: 02/20/1992
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Lockheed Martin Corporation (Martin Marietta Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Martin Marietta Corporation
• Inventors: Roshen, Waseem A., Yerman, Alexander J.
• Primary Examiner(s): Kozma, Thomas J.
• Application Number:
  US07/838,656
• Time in Patent Office: 1,174 Days
• Field of Search: 336/232, 336/200, 336/178, 336/212, 336/83, 336/223, 336/225
• US Class Current: 336/178
• CPC Class Codes: H01F 3/14 Constrictions; Gaps, e.g. air-gaps in magnetic shunt paths H01F3/12
• CPC Class Codes: H01F 30/10 Single-phase transformers H01F30/16 takes precedence

Abstract

A multi-pole magnetic component, such as an inductor, includes z-folded conductive film windings and a core having a plurality of pairs of spaced apart core posts extending between a base plate and a top plate of the core. The core includes an air gap that is distributed substantially evenly along the flux path. Magnetic flux flows through the core posts in a series manner so as to have an opposite flux direction in adjacent poles. Preferably, the air gap is determined such that the ratio of the distance between each adjacent core post and the distance between the base and top plates results in magnetic fields that are substantially tangential to the surface of the conductive film winding. Furthermore, the core posts are preferably shaped to have a larger cross sectional area at the base portion of the posts than at the top portion thereof. Alternatively, the core posts are attached to the bottom plate and are inserted into suitably shaped cut-out portions of the top plate. In either case, the air gap between each core post and the respective core plate is smaller around the center of the core post than at the outer edges thereof. As a result, flux is concentrated near the center of the core posts, thereby reducing fringing fields which, in turn, minimizes high-frequency winding losses.

Claims

1. A low-profile magnetic component, comprising:

a Z-folded film including an elongated dielectric film defining first and second ends and a length dimension between said ends, and first and second edges, said dielectric film having a predetermined width between said first and second edges, said dielectric film supporting an electrical conductor having at least a first portion defining a second width which is less than said predetermined width, said first portion of said electrical conductor extending in a zig-zag manner from said first end of said dielectric film to a location near said second end of said dielectric film, said elongated dielectric film also defining a plurality of pairs of core apertures, each said pair of core apertures including first and second core apertures spaced apart from each other and from said first and second edges of said dielectric film, said pairs of first and second core apertures being spaced in a regular pattern along said length of said dielectric film, said regular pattern being selected so that, when said dielectric film is Z-folded to form said Z-folded film, said first and second core apertures of each of said pairs of core apertures are registered with corresponding ones of said first and second core apertures of the other pairs of core apertures, said first core apertures of each of said pairs of core apertures being located adjacent said first portion of said electrical conductor, and between said first portion of said electrical conductor and said first edge of said dielectric film, and said second core apertures of each of said pairs of core apertures being located adjacent said first portion of said electrical conductor, and between said first portion of said electrical conductor and said second edge of said dielectric film;

a thin, fiat, magnetically permeable top plate defining at least one peripheral edge;

a thin, fiat, magnetically permeable bottom plate defining at least one peripheral edge, and lying substantially parallel to, and spaced away from said first plate by a predetermined separation;

a first magnetically permeable core post having a length less than said predetermined separation, and extending through said first core apertures of said Z-folded film, and between said top and bottom plates, so as to be magnetically coupled to said top and bottom plates at first locations spaced away from said peripheral edges of said top and bottom plates, whereby said first core post is magnetically coupled to said top and bottom plates by a magnetic path including a first gap resulting from the difference between said predetermined separation and said length of said first core post;

a second magnetically permeable core post having a length less than said predetermined separation, and extending through said second core apertures of said Z-folded film, and between said top and bottom plates, so as to be magnetically coupled to said top and bottom plates at second locations spaced away from said peripheral edges of said top and bottom plates, whereby said second core post is magnetically coupled to said top and bottom plates by a magnetic path including a second gap resulting from the difference between said predetermined separation and said length of said second core post;

whereby, when electrical current flows through said first portion of said electrical conductor, the magnetic flux direction through said first and second apertures, and through said first and second core posts, respectively, extending therethrough, is mutually parallel but oppositely directed.

2. A magnetic component according to claim 1 wherein said first and second gaps have equal dimensions.

3. A magnetic component according to claim 1, wherein each of said core posts has a circular transverse cross-section, and the diameter of said first and second core posts adjacent said first and second gaps, respectively, is smaller than the diameters of said first and second core posts at locations remote from said first and second gaps, respectively.

4. A magnetic component according to claim 1, wherein said first core post is bipartite, with said first gap centered between first and second portions of said first core post, and said second core post is also bipartite, with said second gap centered between first and second portions of said second core post.

5. A magnetic component according to claim 1, wherein:

said first portion of said electrical conductor has said second width which is less than half said predetermined width of said dielectric film, and said first portion of said electrical conductor extends in said zig-zag manner adjacent said first edge of said dielectric film to a location near said second end of said dielectric film, and said Z-folded film includes a second portion of said electrical conductor which returns to said first end in a zig-zag manner nearer to said second edge of said dielectric film than said first portion of said conductor;

said elongated dielectric film further defining a plurality of couples of core apertures, each of said couples of core apertures including third and fourth core apertures spaced apart from each other and from said first and second edges of said dielectric film, said couples of third and fourth core apertures being spaced in said regular pattern along said length of said dielectric film, said regular pattern being selected so that, when said dielectric film is Z-folded to form said Z-folded film, said third and fourth core apertures of each of said couples of core apertures are registered with corresponding ones of said third and fourth core apertures of the other couples of core apertures, said third core apertures of each of said couples of core apertures being located adjacent said second portion of said electrical conductor, and between said second portion of said electrical conductor and said first edge of said dielectric film, and said second core apertures of each of said sets of core apertures being located adjacent said second portion of said electrical conductor, and between said second portion of said electrical conductor and said second edge of said dielectric film, said first, second, third and fourth core apertures being located at the corners of a square; and

a third magnetically permeable core post having a length less than said predetermined separation, and extending through said third core apertures of said Z-folded film, and between said top and bottom plates, so as to be magnetically coupled to said top and bottom plates at third locations spaced away from said peripheral edges of said top and bottom plates, whereby said third core post is magnetically coupled to said top and bottom plates by a magnetic path including a third gap resulting from the difference between said predetermined separation and said length of said third core post; and

a fourth magnetically permeable core post having a length less than said predetermined separation, and extending through said fourth core apertures of said Z-folded film, and between said top and bottom plates, so as to be magnetically coupled to said top and bottom plates at fourth locations spaced away from said edges of said top and bottom plates, whereby said fourth core post is magnetically coupled to said top and bottom plates by a magnetic path including a fourth gap resulting from the difference between said predetermined separation and said length of said fourth core post;

whereby, when electrical current flows serially through said first and second portions of said electrical conductor, the magnetic flux direction through said first and fourth apertures, and through said first and fourth core posts, respectively, extending therethrough, is mutually parallel and directed in a first direction, and the magnetic flux direction through said second and third apertures, and through said second and third core posts, respectively, extending therethrough, is parallel to said magnetic flux direction through said first and fourth core posts, but directed in a second direction, opposite to said first direction.

6. A magnetic component according to claim 5, wherein said first, second, third and fourth gaps have equal dimensions.

7. A magnetic component according to claim 5, wherein each of said core posts has a circular transverse cross-section, and the diameters of said first, second, third, and fourth core posts adjacent said first, second, third and fourth gaps, respectively, is smaller than the diameters of said first, second, third, and fourth core posts at locations remote from said first, second, third, and fourth gaps, respectively.

8. A magnetic component according to claim 7, wherein said first, second, third and fourth gaps have equal dimensions.

9. A magnetic component according to claim 5, wherein said electrical conductor is a film electrical conductor.

10. A magnetic component according to claim 5, wherein said first core post is bipartite, with said first gap centered between first and second portions of said first core post, said second core post is bipartite, with said second gap centered between first and second portions of said second core post, said third core post is bipartite, with said third gap centered between first and second portions of said third core post, and said fourth core post is also bipartite, with said fourth gap centered between first and second portions of said fourth core post.

11. A magnetic component according to claim 5, wherein the ratio of the distance between adjacent ones of said core posts and said predetermined separation between said top and bottom plates is in the range from approximately 1/2 to 5.

12. A magnetic component according to claim 11, wherein said ratio is in the range from approximately 1 to 3.

13. A magnetic component according to claim 12, wherein said ratio is 2 1/2.