Linearized power amplifier

• US 5,420,536 A
• Filed: 03/15/1994
• Issued: 05/30/1995
• Est. Priority Date: 03/16/1993
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Victoria University Of Technology
• Original Assignee: Victoria University Of Technology
• Inventors: Briffa, Mark A., Faulkner, Michael
• Primary Examiner(s): Mullins, James B.
• Application Number:
  US08/212,946
• Time in Patent Office: 441 Days
• Field of Search: 330/127, 330/128, 330/129, 330/149, 330/151, 330/279, 330/285, 330/297, 330/136, 455/126, 455/127
• US Class Current: 330/149
• CPC Class Codes: H03C 3/406 using a feedback loop containing mixers or demodulators
• CPC Class Codes: H03C 5/00 Amplitude modulation and angle modulation produced simultaneously or at will by the same modulating signal H03C7/00 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 1/02 Modifications of amplifiers to raise the efficiency, e.g. gliding Class A stages, use of an auxiliary oscillation
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 1/0222 by using a signal derived from the input signal
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 1/0261 with control of the polarisation voltage or current, e.g. gliding Class A
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 1/3223 using feed-forward H03F1/3211 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 1/3247 using feedback acting on predistortion circuits H03F1/3264 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 1/345 using hybrid or directional couplers
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 2200/102 A non-specified detector of a signal envelope being used in an amplifying circuit
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 2200/57 Separate feedback of real and complex signals being present
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 2201/3233 Adaptive predistortion using lookup table, e.g. memory, RAM, ROM, LUT, to generate the predistortion
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 3/24 of transmitter output stages
• CPC Class Codes: H03G 3/3042 in modulators, frequency-changers, transmitters or power amplifiers transmission power control in bidirectional transmission systems H04W52/04
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 2001/0441 with linearisation using feed-forward
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 2001/045 with means for improving efficiency
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 27/368 adaptive predistortion

Abstract

A linearized power amplifier is provided which comprises a non-linear radio frequency (RF) power amplifier, a linearization circuit such as a Cartesian Feedback circuit, an RF feedback circuit; an IF feedback circuit; or a feedforward circuit, and a dynamic bias modulation circuit for modulating an operating voltage of the amplifier. The dynamic bias modulation means includes an envelope determining circuit, signal processing circuits in which predetermined data or a simplified transfer function determined from measured characteristics of the amplifier is stored and used to produce power bias and/or base or gate bias signals, and driver circuits for modulating the power supply voltage and/or base or gate bias voltage of the RF amplifier in response to the bias signals. The dynamic bias modulation may be used with a BJT-based, and FET-based or any other type of RF power amplifier. With the right combination of power supply and base or gate bias modulation the efficiency of the RF amplifier can be maximised for a given output power, and the combination of linearization means and high level power supply and/or base or gate bias modulation gives the benefits of improved spectral control and intermodulation distortion reduction coupled with high efficiency.

Claims

1. A linearized power amplifier circuit comprising:

a non-linear radio frequency (RF) power amplifier for amplifying an input signal and producing an output signal corresponding thereto, said input signal having envelope properties, said non-linear amplifier exhibiting non-linear amplitude and phase characteristics and having at least one operating point input;

dynamic bias modulation means for dynamically modulating the operation of said non-linear amplifier for efficient operation of said non-linear amplifier, said dynamic bias modulation means comprising, an input signal envelope determining means for obtaining an envelope signal from said input signal, mapping means for converting said envelope signal to at least one optimum operating voltage for said non-linear amplifier, and power driver means for applying said at least one operating voltage to said operating point input of said non-linear amplifier; and

linearization means which is separate and distinct from said dynamic bias modulation means, said linearization means utilizing a signal representation in said circuit that does not result in bandwidth expansion for linearizing and correcting for the non-linear amplitude and phase characteristics of said non-linear amplifier and further for correcting for additional distortion and errors introduced by said dynamic bias modulation means.

2. A linearized power amplifier circuit according to claim 1 wherein said non-linear amplifier has a pair of operating point inputs which comprise a power supply input and a bias port.

3. A linearized power amplifier circuit according to claim 2 wherein said mapping means of said dynamic bias modulation means converts said envelope signal to a power supply operating voltage and a bias port operating voltage, and said power driver means comprises a first power driver for applying said power supply operating voltage to said power supply input of said non-linear amplifier and a second power driver for applying said bias port operating voltage to said bias port.

4. A linearized power amplifier circuit according to claim 3 wherein said mapping means of said dynamic bias modulation means utilizes predetermined amplifier efficiency measurements which are obtained by finding optimum power supply and bias port operating voltages for best efficiency.

5. A linearized power amplifier circuit according to claim 2 wherein said non-linear amplifier comprises a bipolar junction transistor (BJT) having collector and base elements, and wherein said power supply input is coupled to the collector of said BJT, and said bias port is coupled to the base of said BJT.

6. A linearized power amplifier circuit according to claim 2 wherein said non-linear amplifier comprises a field effect transistor (FET) having drain and gate elements, and wherein said power supply input is coupled to the drain of said FET, and said bias port is coupled to the gate of said FET.

7. A linearized power amplifier circuit according to claim 2 wherein said dynamic bias modulation means applies said optimum operating voltage only to said power supply input and not to said bias port of said non-linear amplifier.

8. A linearized power amplifier circuit according to claim 2 wherein said dynamic bias modulation means applies said optimum operating voltage only to said bias port and not to the power supply input of said non-linear amplifier.

9. A linearized power amplifier circuit according to claim 1 wherein said dynamic bias modulation means includes a time delay means for delaying said input signal to improve the efficiency of said dynamic bias modulation means.

10. A linearized power amplifier circuit according to claim 1 wherein said mapping means of said dynamic bias modulation means comprises signal processing means which utilizes predetermined amplifier efficiency measurements to map envelope signals to said at least one optimum operating voltage.

11. A linearized power amplifier circuit according to claim 1 wherein said mapping means of said dynamic bias modulation means employs a simplified transfer function of predetermined amplifier efficiency measurements to map envelope signals to said at least one optimum operating voltage.

12. A linearized power amplifier according to claim 1 wherein said power driver means is formed and constructed for applying said at least one operating voltage to said operating point input of said non-linear amplifier in an efficient but not necessarily accurate manner.

13. A linearized power amplifier circuit according to claim 1 wherein said linearization means comprises of a Cartesian feedback linearization circuit.

14. A linearized power amplifier circuit according to claim 1 wherein said linearization means comprises of a RF feedback-linearization circuit.

15. A linearized power amplifier circuit according to claim 1 wherein said linearization means comprises of an intermediate frequency (IF) feedback linearization circuit.

16. A linearized power amplifier circuit according to claim 1 wherein said linearization means comprises of a feedforward linearization circuit.

17. A linearized power amplifier circuit according to claim 1 wherein said linearization means processes said input signal and includes a delay means for delaying said input signal being processed by said linearization means so it arrives at said non-linear amplifier in a manner which, when combined with said optimum operating point voltage provided by said dynamic bias modulation means, results in improved efficiency.