LNG delivery system

• US 5,421,162 A
• Filed: 02/23/1994
• Issued: 06/06/1995
• Est. Priority Date: 02/23/1994
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Minnesota Valley Engineering, Inc. (Chart Industries Incorporated)
• Original Assignee: Minnesota Valley Engineering, Inc. (Chart Industries Incorporated)
• Inventors: Preston, Duane, Gustafson, Keith
• Primary Examiner(s): Capossela, Ronald C.
• Application Number:
  US08/200,167
• Time in Patent Office: 468 Days
• Field of Search: 62/50.2, 62/50.1, 62/47.1, 62/7, 123/525, 123/527
• US Class Current: 62/7
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2205/0134 characterised by the presence of fluid connection between vessels
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2205/0335 Check-valves or non-return valves
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2221/033 Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2223/0161 cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2223/033 Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2225/0161 cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2227/0107 by pressurising the ullage
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2227/0135 Pumps
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2227/0393 using a vaporiser
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2250/0636 Flow or movement of content
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2265/032 by recovery
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2265/065 for refueling vehicle fuel tanks
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2265/066 for feeding engines for propulsion
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2270/0168 by vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 9/02 with change of state, e.g. vaporisation

Abstract

Liquid natural gas is pumped into a main tank until the main tank is completely filled with liquid. Once filled, high pressure gas is pumped into the main tank. This high pressure gas forces the liquid from the main tank into an overflow tank until the liquid level in the main tank reaches a predetermined level. High pressure gas is then pumped through the main tank to the overflow tank until the LNG in the overflow tank is saturated at a pressure slightly higher than the pressure needed at the use device. Once the desired pressure is achieved the delivery of LNG to the delivery system is stopped. LNG is initially delivered from the overflow tank to the use device as a high pressure gas. Some of the high pressure gas being delivered from the overflow tank is diverted from the use device to saturate the LNG in the main tank at the desired pressure. The LNG will be delivered from the overflow tank is depleted and then the LNG will be delivered from the main tank which will have been saturated by the high pressure gas from the main tank.

Claims

1. A system for the storage and delivery of LNG to a use device comprising:

(a) main storage means (8) for storing a quantity of LNG saturated at a pressure equal to or slightly higher than the pressure required at the use device;

(b) overflow storage means (2) for storing a quantity of non-saturated LNG;

(c) means for delivering natural gas (NG) to the use device first from said main storage means (8) and then from said overflow storage means (2); and

(d) means for saturating the LNG in the overflow storage means (2) while delivering LNG from said main storage means (8).

2. The system according to claim 1, further including means for filling the main and overflow storage means with known quantities of LNG.

3. The system according to claim 2, wherein said means for filling includes a main fill line connected between a source of LNG and said overflow storage means, an overflow fill line connected between said main and overflow storage means and a means for preventing the flow of LNG between the main and overflow storage means until the pressure in the overflow storage means reaches a predetermined value.

4. The system according to claim 1, wherein said means for saturating includes means for transferring high pressure NG vapor to said overflow storage means from said main storage means.

5. The system according to claim 4, wherein the means for transferring includes means for diverting high pressure NG vapor from the NG vapor being delivered to the use device from the main storage means.

6. The system according to claim 1, further including means for delivering high pressure NG vapor to said main storage means.

7. The system according to claim 6, wherein the means for delivering high pressure NG vapor bubbles the vapor through the LNG in the main storage means.

8. The system according to claim 6, wherein the means for delivering high pressure NG vapor delivers the NG vapor over the LNG in the main storage means.

9. The system according to claim 6, wherein said means for delivering high pressure NG vapor includes an uninsulated chamber connected to said main storage means.

10. The system according to claim 1, further including means for removing LNG vapor from said main storage means if the pressure in the main storage means rises above a predetermined value and for delivering the NG vapor to the overflow storage means.

11. The system according to claim 1, wherein said delivery system is mounted on a vehicle.

12. The system according to claim 1, further including means for transferring heat from the LNG being delivered to the use device to the LNG in the main storage means.

13. A vehicle mounted LNG storage and delivery system for delivering high pressure LNG to the vehicle'"'"'s engine comprising:

(a) main means (8) and overflow means (2) for storing LNG;

(b) means for delivering LNG from the main and overflow means to the use device;

(c) third means for saturating the LNG in the main means (8) at a pressure at or above that required by the engine before delivering LNG therefrom; and

(d) fourth means for saturating the LNG in the overflow means (2) at a pressure at or above that required by the use device while LNG is being delivered from the main means.

14. The system according to claim 13, further including means for filling the main and overflow means with known quantities of LNG.

15. The system according to claim 14, further including means for filling said main and overflow means including a main fill line connected between a source of LNG and said overflow means, an overflow fill line connected between said main and overflow means and a means for preventing the flow of LNG between the main and overflow means until the pressure in the main means reaches a predetermined value.

16. The system according to claim 13, wherein said third means for saturating includes means for delivering high pressure NG vapor to said main means.

17. The system according to claim 16, wherein said means for delivering high pressure NG vapor includes a pump external to said system.

18. The system according to claim 16, wherein said means for delivering high pressure NG vapor includes an uninsulated chamber connected to said main means.

19. The system according to claim 13, wherein the fourth means for saturating the LNG in the overflow means includes means for transferring high pressure gas from said main means to said overflow means.

20. The system according to claim 19, wherein the means for transferring includes means for diverting high pressure NG vapor from the NG vapor being delivered to the engine from the main means.

21. The system according to claim 13, further including means for removing NG vapor from said main means if the pressure in the main means rises above a predetermined value and for delivering the NG vapor to the overflow means.

22. A method for storing and delivering LNG to a vehicle engine comprising the steps of:

(a) providing main and overflow tanks mounted on said vehicle;

(b) filling the main tank to capacity with LNG;

(c) displacing LNG from the main tank to the overflow tank with natural gas under high pressure until the level of LNG in the main tank reaches a predetermined level;

(d) continuing to deliver high pressure natural gas to said overflow tank until the LNG therein is saturated at a pressure at or above that required by the vehicle engine;

(e) delivering LNG from the overflow tank to the engine and delivering high pressure natural gas from the overflow tank to the main tank until the LNG in the main tank is saturated at a pressure at or above that required by the vehicle engine; and

(f) delivering LNG from the main tank to the vehicle engine after the LNG in the overflow tank is depleted.

23. A method according to claim 22, further including the step of automatically delivering NG from the overflow tank to the main tank when the pressure in the overflow tank rises above a predetermined value.

24. A method according to claim 22, further including the steps of providing a third tank for receiving and vaporizing a quantity of LNG and delivering of the high pressure NG vapor from the third to the overflow tank to saturate the LNG in the overflow tank.