Method and apparatus for controlling concentrations in tubing system
First Claim
1. A method for establishing the anticoagulant level in a system including a tubing set in fluid communication with a donor or patient, comprising establishing the addition of anticoagulant to the tubing set;
- establishing the removal of anticoagulant from the tubing set;
subtracting the removal of anticoagulant from the addition of anticoagulant to establish the anticoagulant level; and
determining at a time after metabolism of the anticoagulant has begun the unmetabolized anticoagulant level in the donor or patient, based at least in part on the anticoagulant level in the tubing set.
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Accused Products
Abstract
A method and apparatus for determining, controlling or establishing the level of a constituent such as anticoagulant in a body fluid such as blood in a procedure for processing the fluid. The anticoagulant flow rate from an anticoagulant reservoir, the blood flow rate, the flow rate of collected fluid and the flow rate of replacement fluid are monitored, and an anticoagulant flow balance is established whereby the flow of anticoagulant into the donor or patient will be equal to the flow rate of anticoagulant out of the anticoagulant reservoir, plus the flow rate of anticoagulant from the donor or patient, plus the flow rate of anticoagulant in the replacement fluid, minus the flow rate of anticoagulant in the collect fluid. The flow rate of anticoagulant from the donor or patient can be determined based on the anticoagulant metabolic half-life, the volume of the donor'"'"'s or patient'"'"'s blood, and the amount and time of infusion of anticoagulant into the donor or patient.
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Citations
32 Claims
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1. A method for establishing the anticoagulant level in a system including a tubing set in fluid communication with a donor or patient, comprising establishing the addition of anticoagulant to the tubing set;
- establishing the removal of anticoagulant from the tubing set;
subtracting the removal of anticoagulant from the addition of anticoagulant to establish the anticoagulant level; and
determining at a time after metabolism of the anticoagulant has begun the unmetabolized anticoagulant level in the donor or patient, based at least in part on the anticoagulant level in the tubing set. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5)
- establishing the removal of anticoagulant from the tubing set;
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6. A method for establishing the anticoagulant level in a system including a tubing set in fluid communication with a donor or patient, comprising establishing the addition of anticoagulant to the tubing set;
- establishing the removal of anticoagulant from the tubing set;
subtracting the removal of anticoagulant from the addition of anticoagulant to establish the anticoagulant level; and
determining the anticoagulant level in the donor or patient, based at least in part on the anticoagulant level in the tubing set;
wherein anticoagulant is infused into the tubing set at an infusion rate, the donor'"'"'s or patient'"'"'s blood flows into the tubing set at a blood flow rate, a blood constituent is withdrawn from the tubing set at a withdrawal rate, and replacement fluid flows into the tubing set at a replacement fluid flow rate, and further comprising adjusting at least one of the rate of infusion of anticoagulant into the tubing set, the rate of flow of the donor'"'"'s or patient'"'"'s blood into the tubing set, the rate of withdrawal of a blood constituent from the tubing set, and the rate of flow of replacement fluid into the tubing set, in response to the determined anticoagulant level;
wherein blood with anticoagulant is returned to the donor or patient by a return line, and wherein said adjustment is such that the anticoagulant flow rate in the return line does not exceed a predetermined maximum. - View Dependent Claims (7)
- establishing the removal of anticoagulant from the tubing set;
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8. A method for establishing the anticoagulant level in a system including a tubing set in fluid communication with a donor or patient, comprising establishing the addition of anticoagulant to the tubing set;
- establishing the removal of anticoagulant from the tubing set;
subtracting the removal of anticoagulant from the addition of anticoagulant to establish the anticoagulant level; and
determining the anticoagulant level in the donor or patient, based at least in part on the anticoagulant level in the tubing set;
wherein anticoagulant is infused into the tubing set at an infusion rate, the donor'"'"'s or patient'"'"'s blood flows into the tubing set at a blood flow rate, a blood constituent is withdrawn from the tubing set at a withdrawal rate, and replacement fluid flows into the tubing set at a replacement fluid flow rate, and further comprising adjusting at least one of the rate of infusion of anticoagulant into the tubing set, the rate of flow of the donor'"'"'s or patient'"'"'s blood into the tubing set, the rate of withdrawal of a blood constituent from the tubing set, and the rate of flow of replacement fluid into the tubing set, in response to the determined anticoagulant level;
wherein blood with anticoagulant is returned to the donor or patient by a return line, and wherein said adjustment is such that at least one of the anticoagulant volume and anticoagulant concentration in the donor or patient does not exceed a predetermined maximum.
- establishing the removal of anticoagulant from the tubing set;
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9. A method for establishing the anticoagulant level in a system including a tubing set in fluid communication with a donor or patient, comprising establishing the addition of anticoagulant to the tubing set;
- establishing the removal of anticoagulant from the tubing set;
subtracting the removal of anticoagulant from the addition of anticoagulant to establish the anticoagulant level; and
determining the anticoagulant level in the donor or patient, based at least in part on the anticoagulant level in the tubing set;
wherein the step of determining the addition of anticoagulant to the tubing set includes determining the infusion of anticoagulant from an anticoagulant reservoir into the tubing set; and
wherein the step of determining the addition of anticoagulant to the tubing set includes determining the infusion of anticoagulant from a replacement fluid reservoir into the tubing set. - View Dependent Claims (10)
- establishing the removal of anticoagulant from the tubing set;
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11. A method for establishing the anticoagulant level in a system including a tubing set in fluid communication with a donor or patient, comprising establishing the addition of anticoagulant to the tubing set;
- establishing the removal of anticoagulant from the tubing set;
subtracting the removal of anticoagulant from the addition of anticoagulant to establish the anticoagulant level; and
determining the anticoagulant level in the donor or patient, based at least in part on the anticoagulant level in the tubing set;
wherein the step of determining the addition of anticoagulant to the tubing set includes determining the infusion of anticoagulant from an anticoagulant reservoir into the tubing set; and
wherein the step of determining the removal of anticoagulant from the tubing set includes determining the rate of removal of anticoagulant in a collect fluid into a collect fluid reservoir. - View Dependent Claims (12)
- establishing the removal of anticoagulant from the tubing set;
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13. A method for establishing the anticoagulant level in a system including a tubing set in fluid communication with a donor or patient, comprising establishing the addition of anticoagulant to the tubing set;
- establishing the removal of anticoagulant from the tubing set;
subtracting the removal of anticoagulant from the addition of anticoagulant to establish the anticoagulant level; and
determining the anticoagulant level in the donor or patient, based at least in part on the anticoagulant level in the tubing set;
wherein the step of determining the addition of anticoagulant to the tubing set includes determining the infusion of anticoagulant from an anticoagulant reservoir into the tubing set; and
wherein such step of determining the anticoagulant added to the tubing set includes determining the level of anticoagulant in the blood from the donor or patient to be processed that enters the tubing set. - View Dependent Claims (14, 15, 16, 17, 18)
- establishing the removal of anticoagulant from the tubing set;
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19. A method for establishing the anticoagulant level in a system including a tubing set in fluid communication with a donor or patient, comprising establishing the addition of anticoagulant to the tubing set;
- establishing the removal of anticoagulant from the tubing set;
subtracting the removal of anticoagulant from the addition of anticoagulant to establish the anticoagulant level; and
determining the anticoagulant level in the donor or patient, based at least in part on the anticoagulant level in the tubing set;
wherein the coagulant is added to the tubing set of a known rate, and further comprising determining the volume of anticoagulant in the donor or patient by integrating over time the rate of addition of anticoagulant to the donor or patient minus the rate of removal of anticoagulant from the donor or patient. - View Dependent Claims (20)
- establishing the removal of anticoagulant from the tubing set;
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21. A method for establishing the anticoagulant level in a system including a tubing set in fluid communication with a donor or patient, comprising establishing the addition of anticoagulant to the tubing set;
- establishing the removal of anticoagulant from the tubing set;
subtracting the removal of anticoagulant from the addition of anticoagulant to establish the anticoagulant level; and
determining the anticoagulant level in the donor or patient, based at least in part on the anticoagulant level in the tubing set;
wherein said tubing set may include a cell collect line through which collected cells flow, and wherein said steps is by an equation substantially of the form;
space="preserve" listing-type="equation">Q.sub.IN =(Q.sub.AR +A[Q.sub.PC +(1-H.sub.C)Q.sub.C ])/Bwhere QIN =total rate of flow of donor'"'"'s or patient'"'"'s blood and anticoagulant into the tubing set QPC =rate of flow of collected plasma HC =hematocrit in cell collection line QC =cell collect flow rate A=[CDB (R-1)+1]/[R(1-H)+H]-CRF F B=CDB (1-1/R)+(1-CRF)/R ##EQU7## CDB =concentration of anticoagulant in donor'"'"'s or patient'"'"'s blood H=hematocrit of donor'"'"'s or patient'"'"'s blood CRF =anticoagulant concentration in replacement fluid added to tubing set QAR =specified anticoagulant flow rate in the return line F=ratio of fluid volume added to, to fluid volume removed from, tubing set.
- establishing the removal of anticoagulant from the tubing set;
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22. A method for processing a body fluid using a tubing set having an inlet on the upstream end in fluid communication with the body, an outlet on the downstream end in fluid communication with the body, a constituent inlet in fluid communication with the tubing set for adding a constituent to the body fluid, and a fraction outlet for removing a fluid fraction from the body fluid downstream from the constituent inlet and upstream from the outlet end, comprising determining the flow rate of constituent between the constituent inlet and the fraction outlet;
- determining the flow rate of constituent out of the fraction outlet;
determining the flow rate of constituent between the fraction outlet and the tubing set outlet by subtracting the flow rate of constituent out of the fraction outlet from the flow rate of constituent between the constituent inlet and the fraction outlet, and adjusting the flow rate of constituent into and out of the tubing set to maintain a desired constituent flow rate between the fraction outlet and the tubing set outlet. - View Dependent Claims (23, 24, 25)
- determining the flow rate of constituent out of the fraction outlet;
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26. A system for controlling the level of anticoagulant infused into a donor or patient in a blood processing procedure, comprising:
- a blood tubing set having an inlet for establishing fluid communication with the donor'"'"'s or patient'"'"'s blood and an outlet for establishing fluid communication with the donor'"'"'s or patient'"'"'s blood, an anticoagulant source in communication with the tubing set, a blood fractionalizer in communication with the tubing set, a blood flow rate monitor to monitor the blood flow rate through the inlet of the tubing set, an anticoagulant flow rate monitor to monitor the anticoagulant flow rate through the anticoagulant source, at least one fraction flow rate monitor to monitor a blood fraction flow rate from the blood fractionalizer, and a processor for using at least one of said monitors to determine at least one of the anticoagulant flow rate through the tubing set outlet, the anticoagulant concentration in the tubing set outlet, and the total flow of anticoagulant through the tubing set outlet over a predetermined period of time.
- View Dependent Claims (27, 28, 29, 30, 31)
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32. A method for controlling the anticoagulant level in a system including a tubing set used for processing blood from a donor or patient using a blood processor, comprising determining the addition of anticoagulant to the tubing set;
- determining the removal of anticoagulant from the tubing set;
subtracting the removal of anticoagulant from the addition of anticoagulant, determining the level of the unmetabolized anticoagulant in the donor or patient at a time after metabolism of said anticoagulant has begun; and
controlling the anticoagulant level in the donor or patient, based at least in part on the determined anticoagulant level in the tubing set.
- determining the removal of anticoagulant from the tubing set;
Specification