High capacity data storage system using disk array

• US 5,423,046 A
• Filed: 12/17/1992
• Issued: 06/06/1995
• Est. Priority Date: 12/17/1992
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Original Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Inventors: Wood, Leighton C. Jr., Williams, Larry L., Nunnelley, Lewis L.
• Primary Examiner(s): Harvey, Jack B.
• Assistant Examiner(s): AUVE, GLENN ALLEN
• Application Number:
  US07/993,247
• Time in Patent Office: 901 Days
• Field of Search: 395/750, 395/575, 395/425, 371/10.1
• US Class Current: 713/330
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 1/206 comprising thermal management
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 1/3215 Monitoring of peripheral devices
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 1/3268 Power saving in hard disk drive
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0607 by facilitating the process of upgrading existing storage systems, e.g. for improving compatibility between host and storage device
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0608 Saving storage space on storage systems
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0625 Power saving in storage systems
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0631 by allocating resources to storage systems
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0634 by changing the state or mode of one or more devices
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0665 at area level, e.g. provisioning of virtual or logical volumes
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0689 Disk arrays, e.g. RAID, JBOD
• CPC Class Codes: Y02D 10/00 Energy efficient computing, e.g. low power processors, power management or thermal management

Abstract

A data storage and retrieval system is provided which has extremely high capacity. The system includes a large array of small disk files, and three storage managers for controlling the allocation of data to the array, access to data, and the power status of disk files within the array. The allocation manager chooses the disk files upon which incoming data is written based on the current state of the disk files (active or inactive), the available capacity, and the type of protection desired (i.e unprotected, RAID), mirrored, etc.). The access manager interprets incoming read requests to determine the location of the stored data. The power manager sequences disk files between active and inactive to provide the storage requested by the access and allocation managers. The power manager also maintains the disk array in conformance with thermal and power constraints to avoid excessive power consumption or thermal overload while keeping active the optimal subset of the disk array based on the storage requests pending at any point in time.

Claims

1. A power management subsystem for controlling power status of a plurality of physical disk files in a disk array, said power management subsystem comprising:

an input for receiving an identified cluster number representing a logical cluster of disk files to be activated and for receiving mapping information for identifying the physical disk files allocated in the disk array to the logical cluster;

an output addressibly connected to power controls of the physical disk files; and

an array power optimizer, coupled to the input and the output, for activating and deactivating the physical disk files in the array in accordance with a constraint function.

2. The power management subsystem as recited in claim 1, wherein the constraint function includes a constraint for representing maximum allowable local thermal load within the disk array.

3. The power management subsystem as recited in claim 1, wherein the constraint function includes a constraint for representing maximum allowable power load for the disk array.

4. The power management subsystem as recited in claim 1, wherein the array power optimizer permits only a subset of the disk files in the array to be active at the same time.

5. The power management subsystem as recited in claim 1, wherein the array power optimizer further determines the power status of the physical disk files in accordance with a cost function.

6. The power management subsystem as recited in claim 5, wherein the cost function includes a cost established to maintain selected clusters in a normally-active state.

7. The power management subsystem as recited in claim 5, wherein the cost function includes a cost for representing a time required to activate a cluster in anticipation of its use.

8. A data storage and retrieval system for storing data on a plurality of physical disk files, said data storage and retrieval system comprising:

a cluster map having entries for identifying logical clusters of disk files and the physical disk files allocated in the storage and retrieval system to the logical clusters;

an allocation manager for assigning logical clusters in which to store data, the allocation manager having an input for receiving a write command identifying data to be stored in the data storage and retrieval system and an output for providing a cluster number identifying a cluster on which the data is to be stored;

a power manager for controlling power status of the physical disk files, the power manager having an input for receiving the identified cluster number and mapping information for identifying the physical disk files allocated in the storage and retrieval system to the identified cluster number, and an output addressibly connected to power controls of the physical disk files; and

an access manager for identifying logical clusters in which requested data is stored, the access manager having an input for receiving a storage request from a data processing device and an output for providing a cluster number identifying a cluster on which the requested data is stored.

9. The data storage and retrieval system as recited in claim 8, wherein the allocation manager assigns clusters in accordance with a constraint function and a cost function, and the power manager controls power status in accordance with a constraint function and a cost function.

10. The data storage and retrieval system as recited in claim 9, further comprising:

a configuration manager for defining logical clusters of disk files in accordance with received configuration commands and for defining sets of physical disk files allocated in the data storage and retrieval system to the logical clusters, the physical disk files being spatially dispersed from one another according to a constraint function;

a configuration map for receiving the mapping information identifying configuration commands and the assigned logical clusters identified by the configuration commands; and

wherein the cluster map receives the mapping information identifying the logical clusters and the physical disk files allocated in the data storage and retrieval system to the logical clusters.

11. A data storage and retrieval system, comprising:

a plurality of data recording disk files;

a configuration manager for defining logical clusters of disk files in accordance with received configuration commands and for defining sets of physical disk files allocated in the data storage and retrieval system to the logical clusters, the physical disk files being spatially dispersed from one another according to a constraint function;

a configuration map for receiving mapping information identifying the configuration commands and the assigned logical clusters identified by the configuration commands;

a cluster map for receiving the mapping information identifying the logical clusters and the physical disk files allocated in the data storage and retrieval system to the logical clusters;

an allocation manager for assigning logical clusters in which to store data, the allocation manager having an input for receiving a write command identifying data to be stored in the data storage and retrieval system and an output for providing a cluster number identifying a cluster on which the data is to be stored, the allocation manager assigning clusters in accordance with a constraint function and a cost function;

a power manager for controlling power status of the physical disk files, the power manager having an input for receiving the identified cluster number and mapping information for identifying the physical disk files allocated in the data storage and retrieval system to the identified cluster number, and an output addressibly connected to power controls of the physical disk files, the power manager controlling power status in accordance with a constraint function and a cost function; and

an access manager for identifying logical clusters in which requested data is stored, the access manager having an input for receiving a storage request from a data processing device and an output for providing a cluster number identifying a cluster on which the requested data is stored.