Automatic retractable safety penetrating instrument

• US 5,423,770 A
• Filed: 06/22/1993
• Issued: 06/13/1995
• Est. Priority Date: 12/06/1991
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Inbae Yoon
• Original Assignee: Inbae Yoon
• Inventors: Yoon, InBae
• Primary Examiner(s): Hirsch, Paul J.
• Application Number:
  US08/079,586
• Time in Patent Office: 721 Days
• Field of Search: 604/281, 604/164, 604/165, 604/158
• US Class Current: 604/506
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/3415 for introducing tubes or catheters, e.g. gastrostomy tubes, drain catheters A61B17/3417 takes precedence; body piercing catheter guide needles A61M25/06
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/3417 Details of tips or shafts, e.g. grooves, expandable, bendable; Multiple coaxial sliding cannulas, e.g. for dilating syringe needles A61M5/32; dilators A61M29/00
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/3474 Insufflating needles, e.g. Veress needles
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/3496 Protecting sleeves or inner probes; Retractable tips for protecting body piercing guide needles A61M25/0612
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/00477 Coupling A61B2017/0046 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/3458 threaded
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/3484 Anchoring means, e.g. spreading-out umbrella-like structure
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2090/08021 of the patient or his organs
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2090/0811 for the position of a particular part of an instrument with respect to the rest of the instrument, e.g. position of the anvil of a stapling instrument

Abstract

A retractable safety penetrating instrument includes a cannula, a penetrating member disposed within the cannula and a hub mounting proximal ends of the penetrating member and the cannula. The penetrating member is movable to an operative state to penetrate tissue wherein a sharp tip of the penetrating member extends beyond a distal end of the cannula, and is arranged to be moved to a retracted position with the sharp tip of the penetrating member disposed within the cannula in a safe, protected position upon penetrating through the tissue. The penetrating member is selectively movable to various extended positions following retraction such that the sharp tip of the penetrating member can be positioned in an anatomical cavity to perform various medical procedures. The cannula can include various distensible, expandable or shape changing devices automatically positioned in response to retraction of the penetrating member to stabilize or hold the instrument within an anatomical cavity. A method of performing surgical procedures includes the steps of automatically retracting a sharp tip of the penetrating member within a cannula, moving the penetrating member distally to cause the sharp tip to protrude beyond a distal end of the cannula and performing a procedural step with the penetrating member.

Claims

1. A retractable safety penetrating instrument comprising

a cannula having a distal end, a proximal end, a lumen extending between said cannula distal and proximal ends and a longitudinal axis;

a penetrating member disposed in said cannula lumen and having a distal end for penetrating anatomical tissue, a proximal end and a lumen extending between said distal and proximal ends of said penetrating member;

retracting means for automatically moving said penetrating member from an extended position wherein said distal end protrudes beyond said cannula distal end to a retracted position wherein said distal end is disposed within said cannula lumen in response to penetration of said cannula distal end through the tissue;

a hub mounting said proximal end of said penetrating member and having a forward end, a rearward end and a passage communicating with said lumen of said penetrating member from said rearward end of said hub; and

shape changing means carried by said cannula for protruding away from said cannula longitudinal axis in response to retraction of said penetrating member from said extended position to automatically hold said retractable safety penetrating instrument relative to the tissue.

2. A retractable safety penetrating instrument as recited in claim 1 wherein said shape changing means includes a distal portion of said cannula automatically assuming a predetermined, non-linear configuration in response to retraction of said penetrating member from said cannula distal portion.

3. A retractable safety penetrating instrument as recited in claim 2 wherein said predetermined, non-linear configuration is curved.

4. A retractable safety penetrating instrument as recited in claim 3 wherein said distal portion of said cannula has a J-shape in said predetermined, non-linear configuration.

5. A retractable safety penetrating instrument as recited in claim 1 wherein said shape changing means includes expansible means carried on a distal portion of said cannula for movement between a contracted position during penetration of tissue by said instrument and an expanded position automatically in response to retraction of said penetrating member from said cannula distal portion.

6. A retractable safety penetrating instrument as recited in claim 5 wherein said expansible means includes a balloon inflated to said expanded position automatically in response to retraction of said penetrating member from said cannula distal portion.

7. A retractable safety penetrating instrument as recited in claim 5 wherein said expansible means includes a plurality of resilient strips biased to outwardly extending configurations such that said resilient strips automatically move to said outwardly extending configurations in response to retraction of said penetrating member from said cannula distal portion.

8. A retractable safety penetrating instrument as recited in claim 7 wherein said expansible means includes an elastic membrane surrounding said resilient strips.

9. An automatic retractable safety penetrating instrument for penetration into an anatomical cavity comprising

a cannula having a distal end, a proximal end and a lumen extending between said cannula distal and proximal ends;

a penetrating member having a distal end for penetrating tissue, a proximal end and a lumen extending between said distal and proximal ends of said penetrating member, said penetrating member being slidably disposed in said cannula;

retracting means for automatically moving said penetrating member from an extended position wherein said distal end of said penetrating member protrudes beyond said cannula distal end to a retracted position wherein said distal end of said penetrating member is disposed within said cannula lumen in response to penetration of said cannula distal end into an anatomical cavity;

a hub mounting said proximal end of said penetrating member and having a forward end, a rearward end and a passage communicating with said lumen of said penetrating member from said rearward end of said hub; and

stabilizing means responsive to movement of said penetrating member to said retracted position to automatically stabilize said cannula in the anatomical cavity.

10. An automatic retractable safety penetrating instrument as recited in claim 9 wherein said stabilizing means includes a balloon disposed along said cannula and a passage in said cannula for inflating said balloon in response to movement of said retracting means.

11. An automatic retractable safety penetrating instrument as recited in claim 9 wherein said cannula includes a distal portion and a longitudinal axis and said stabilizing means includes forming said distal portion of shape memory material having a predetermined, non-linear configuration protruding from said axis.

12. An automatic retractable safety penetrating instrument as recited in claim 9 wherein said cannula includes a longitudinal axis and said stabilizing means includes a plurality of resilient strips extending along said cannula, said strips being biased in a direction outwardly from said axis.