Wide area fiber and TV cable fast packet cell network

• US 5,425,027 A
• Filed: 01/04/1993
• Issued: 06/13/1995
• Est. Priority Date: 01/04/1993
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: ARRIS Enterprises LLC (CommScope Holding Company, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Com21, Inc.
• Inventors: Baran, Paul
• Primary Examiner(s): Olms, Douglas W.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Nguyen, Chau T.
• Application Number:
  US08/000,373
• Time in Patent Office: 890 Days
• Field of Search: 370/94.1, 370/95.2, 370/95.1, 370/69.1, 370/80, 370/85.8, 370/124, 340/825.06, 340/825.07, 340/825.08, 340/825.52, 340/825.54, 455/54.2, 455/6.1, 358/86, 348/10, 348/11
• US Class Current: 370/395.6
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 2012/5605 Fibre
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 2012/5606 Metallic
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 2012/561 Star, e.g. cross-connect, concentrator, subscriber group equipment, remote electronics
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 2012/5631 Resource management and allocation
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 7/173 with two-way working, e.g. subscriber sending a programme selection signal
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 7/17309 Transmission or handling of upstream communications
• CPC Class Codes: H04Q 11/0478 Provisions for broadband connections
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 370/906 Fiber data distribution interface, FDDI

Abstract

53 byte length ATM compliant cells are transmitted over a digital optical fiber path to interconnect with a coaxial feeder cable TV system to support two-way digital services at a plurality of sites connected to the TV cable system. At the point of interconnection between the fiber optic path and the cable TV feeder subsystem, digital signals are converted to a UHF rf carrier frequency above the cutoff pass-band of the analog signal feeder amplifier carrying TV broadcast signals. This rf carrier conveys a high data rate digitally modulated signal limited to sections of feeder cable between the cable TV broadcast channel amplifiers. In-house access to this UHF carrier signal is via the normal TV cable tap and drop cable to a SIU, located near the subscriber'"'"'s TV set. The feeder cable and the passive taps used in cable TV practice have a higher cutoff frequency than the feeder amplifiers themselves. This allows passage of an UHF signal over the feeder cable. Low pass filters at the feeder amplifiers prevent this UHF signal from being shorted out by the in-cable amplifiers. Each SIU so connected sends and receives the UHF carrier signal, which conveys the ATM type cells. Each cell'"'"'s payload contains the local address of the source and destination of that cell. Each SIU decodes each cell'"'"'s address and accepts only those cells that are for itself. The SIUs speak to and receive signals from an FTU located at the TV cable headend or at a fiber connection node. The common channel conveying the ATM cells alternatively sends and receives cells in a ping-pong fashion.

Claims

1. A packet cell communications system having an implicit dynamic adaptive polling arrangement to provide fair resource allocation for each transmission cycle suitable for the transmission of voice signals without variable buffering delays, wherein said system has a fixed maximum capacity of packet cells that can be transmitted thereon, said system comprising:

a plurality of slave units to receive downstream, and to transmit up-stream, packet cells, with the number of contiguous up-stream packet cells being transmittable by each of said plurality of slave units being individually controllable;

a FTU/headend processor to individually address, and to control the number of packet cells each of said slave units is permitted to transmit up-stream;

a cable system to interconnect said plurality of slave units to said FTU/headend processor, said cable system includes;

a downstream communications channel to convey downstream packet cells from said FTU/headend processor to each of said slave units; and

an up-stream communications channel to transmit up-stream packet cells from each said slave unit to said FTU/headend processor;

said FTU/headend processor includes a program to;

poll said slave units during each transmission cycle;

issue downstream packet cells including authorization commands to individually instruct each slave unit as to when to transmit and the number of contiguous up-stream packet cells that said each slave unit is authorized to send during a subsequent transmission cycle; and

implicitly determine the number of contiguous up-stream packet cells each slave unit is authorized to transmit up-stream based upon the difference between said maximum capacity of packet cells said each slave unit was authorized to transmit during previous transmission cycle minus the actual number of packet cells said slave unit transmitted during said previous transmission cycle.

2. A communications system as in claim 1 wherein said cable system further includes:

a communications cable having a first section coupled to said FTU/headend processor and a second section coupled to said plurality of slave units, said communications cable to conduct the packet cells of said downstream and up-stream communications channels; and

a multiplexer intermediate said first and second sections of said communications cable to interlace said packet cells of said up-stream and downstream communications channels onto said communications cable.

3. A communications system as in claim 2 wherein said communications cable is a single optical fiber.

4. A communications system as in claim 2 wherein said communications cable is a single coaxial cable.

5. A communications system as in claim 2 wherein said communications cable includes an optical fiber and a coaxial cable.

6. A communications system as in claim 1 wherein said cell packets are international standard 53 byte Asynchronous Transfer Mode cells.

7. A communications system as in claim 1 wherein the transmission time of a signal the full length of said downstream and up-stream communications channels is equivalent to at least 10 percent of the length of a single cell packet.

8. A communications system as in claim 1 wherein said FTU/headend processor program uses th number of authorized packet cells for each slave unit for an immediately preceding transmission cycle to the transmission cycle for which the FTU/headend processor program is determining the number of contiguous packet cells that each one of said plurality of slave units is to be allocated.

9. A dynamic adaptive polling arrangement as in claim 1 wherein said FTU/headend processor operates in a frequency band having a lower cut-off frequency that is above the highest frequency of the commercial TV passband.

10. A dynamic adaptive polling arrangement as in claim 1 wherein said FTU/headend processor operates in a frequency band having a highest cut-off frequency that is below the lowest frequency of the commercial TV passband.

11. A packet cell communications system as in claim 1 for the bi-directional transmission of packet cells to communicate with a plurality of subscriber cordless transceivers wherein:

said up-stream communications channel conducts packet cells bi-directionally between said FTU/headend processor and each of said plurality of slave units;

said FTU/headend processor also receives packet cells from each of said plurality of slave units; and

each of said plurality of slave units responds only to packet cells addressed to itself, and transmits packet cells up-stream to said FTU/headend processor upon receipt of instructions from said FTU/headend processor to do so.

12. A packet cell communications system as in claim 11 wherein at least one of said plurality of slave units includes:

a bi-directional resynch and command transmitter connected to said up-stream communications channel;

a bi-directional time transformer connected to said bi-directional resynch and command transmitter; and

a processor and rf transceiver section connected to said bi-directional time transformer and via an rf link with at least one of said plurality of subscriber cordless transceivers.

13. A packet cell communications system as in claim 11 wherein said FTU/headend processor alternately sends and receives packet cells to and from each of said plurality of slave units.

14. A packet cell communications system as in claim 11 wherein:

said up-stream communications channel includes;

at least one fiber optic cable having up-stream and downstream ends; and

at least one drop cable connected between one of said plurality of slave units and said fiber optic cable; and

said system further includes;

a first bi-directional optical-electrical interface interconnecting the up-stream end of said at least one fiber optic cable to said FTU/headend processor; and

a multiplicity of second bi-directional optical-electrical interfaces each connected between a different one of said at least one drop cable.

15. A shared communication transmission distribution system for the bi-directional transmission of cell packets over a cable TV broadcast distribution system as a shared communications channel, said system comprising:

a first bi-directional transmission path; and

a second bi-directional transmission path;

wherein said first bi-directional transmission path includes;

a first feeder cable having an up-stream end and a downstream end having a defined length therebetween divided into an up-stream section and a downstream section;

a first feeder amplifier serially connected between said up-stream and downstream sections of said first feeder cable to convey broadcast TV signals downstream on said first feeder cable, wherein said feeder amplifier has a downstream terminal;

a first bandpass filter having a first terminal coupled to said downstream terminal of said first feeder amplifier and a second terminal connected to said downstream section of said first feeder cable, said first bandpass filter having a lower cut-off frequency and an upper cut-off frequency with frequencies of the commercial TV band being between said lower and upper cut-off frequencies;

a first tap along the length of said downstream section of said first feeder cable downstream of said first bandpass filter, with said first tap having an upper cut-off frequency that is above the upper cut-off frequency of said first bandpass filter;

a first drop cable having an up-stream end connected to said first tap, and having a downstream end;

a first slave transceiver connected to the downstream end of said first drop cable to receive downstream signals from said first drop cable and to deliver up-stream signals to said first drop cable; and

a first low ,pass filter having a downstream terminal and an up-stream terminal, said downstream terminal being connected to said second terminal of said first bandpass filter and said up-stream terminal being coupled to said up-stream section of said first feeder cable up-stream of said first feeder amplifier, said first low pass filter having an upper cut-off frequency that is below the lower cut-off frequency of said first bandpass filter;

wherein said second bi-directional transmission path includes;

a second feeder cable having a first section with said first section having a first end and a second end;

a first high pass filter having an up-stream terminal coupled to said second end of said first section of said second feeder cable and a downstream terminal connected to said downstream terminal of said first bandpass filter wherein said first high pass filter has a lower cut-off frequency that is above the upper cut-off frequency of said first bandpass filter; and

an FTU/headend processor coupled to first end of said first section of said second feeder cable to send packet cells to and from said first slave transceiver ; and

wherein said first slave transceiver, responsive only to packet cells addressed to itself, upon receipt of instructions from said FTU/headend processor transmits packet cells to said FTU/headend processor, and wherein the transmission of said packet cells is restricted to frequencies above the upper frequency of said commercial TV band.

16. A shared communication transmission distribution system as in claim 15 wherein said packet cells are Asychronous Transfer Mode compliant.

17. A shared communication transmission distribution system as in claim 15 wherein said FTU/headend processor alternately sends and receives packet cells to and from said first slave transceiver.

18. A shared communication transmission distribution system as in claims 15 wherein:

said second feeder cable includes a fiber optic cable; and

said second bi-directional transmission path further includes;

a first bi-directional optical-electrical interface interconnecting the upstream end of said fiber optic cable to said FTU/headend processor;

a second bi-directional optical-electrical interface coupled up-stream to said fiber optic cable downstream of said FTU/headend processor; and

a first rf transceiver serially connected between said second bi-directional optical-electrical interface and said up-stream terminal of said first high pass filter, and said first rf transceiver having a center frequency that is above the upper cut-off frequency of said first bandpass filter.