Voice coding apparatus with synthesized speech LPC code book

• US 5,432,883 A
• Filed: 04/26/1993
• Issued: 07/11/1995
• Est. Priority Date: 04/24/1992
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Olympus Optical Corporation Limited (Olympus Corporation), Bennett X-Ray Corp. (Thermo Fisher Scientific Incorporated)
• Original Assignee: Olympus Optical Corporation Limited (Olympus Corporation)
• Inventors: Yoshihara, Takafumi
• Primary Examiner(s): MacDonald, Allen R.
• Assistant Examiner(s): HAFIZ, TARIQ R
• Application Number:
  US08/052,658
• Time in Patent Office: 806 Days
• Field of Search: 381/36, 395/2.11, 395/2, 395/2.1, 395/2.28, 395/2.67, 395/2.71
• US Class Current: 704/219
• CPC Class Codes: G10L 19/04 using predictive techniques
• CPC Class Codes: G10L 25/30 using neural networks

Abstract

A voice coding apparatus has a first linear prediction analyzer for acquiring linear prediction coefficients based on a received input speech sampled at a given time interval. A synthesized speech LPC code book stores linear prediction coefficients of a speech resynthesized based on an old input speech. An excitation code book has predetermined excitation vectors. A first error minimizer receives a signal representing an error between the linear prediction coefficient from the first linear prediction analyzer and one linear prediction coefficient of the synthesized speech LPC code book and acquires an index of the synthesized speech LPC code book which minimizes the error. A linear predictor computes a predictive speech based on the index, acquired by the first error minimizer, and an excitation vector of the excitation code book. A second error minimizer receives a signal representing an error between the input speech and the predictive speech from the linear predictor, and acquires the predictive speech that minimizes the error and an index of the excitation code book at that time while scanning indexes of the excitation code book. A second linear prediction analyzer converts the predictive speech from the second error minimizer into a linear prediction coefficient again and supplies the converted linear prediction coefficient to the synthesized speech LPC code book.

Claims

1. A voice coding apparatus comprising:

first linear prediction analyzing means for producing linear prediction coefficients based on received input speech sampled at a given time interval;

code book means for storing linear prediction coefficients of speech resynthesized based on an old input speech;

excitation code book means for storing predetermined excitation vectors;

first subtracter means for performing a subtraction operation of the linear prediction coefficient from said first linear prediction analyzing means, for calculating an error between the linear prediction coefficient from said first linear prediction analyzing means and one of linear prediction coefficients in said coefficient code book means, and for producing an error output;

first error minimizing means for acquiring the linear prediction coefficient in said coefficient code book means which minimizes the error output of said first subtracter means, and its index;

linear predicting means for acquiring a synthesized speech based on the linear prediction coefficient obtained by said first error minimizing means and an excitation vector in said excitation code book means;

second error minimizing means for receiving a signal representing an error between said input speech and said synthesized speech, and for acquiring an index of the excitation vector in said excitation code book means which minimizes the error, and a synthesized speech; and

second linear prediction analyzing means for receiving said synthesized speech from said second error minimizing means and for obtaining therefrom a linear prediction coefficient, and for supplying the obtained linear prediction coefficient to said coefficient code book means for storage of the obtained linear prediction coefficient in said coefficient code book means.

2. A voice coding apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising:

zero-sate response calculating means for receiving the linear prediction coefficient obtained by said first error minimizing means, and the index of the excitation vector obtained by said second error minimizing means, and for producing a zero-state response; and

a second subtracter for calculating an error between said zero-state response and said input speech, and for supplying the calculated error to said first linear prediction analyzing means.

3. A voice coding apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising:

zero-sate response calculating means for receiving the linear prediction coefficient obtained by said first error minimizing means, and the index of the excitation vector obtained by said second error minimizing means, and for producing a zero-state response;

a second subtracter for calculating an error between said zero-state response and said input speech; and

a neural network for setting said linear prediction coefficient obtained by said first error minimizing means as an initial value of a synapse coupling coefficient, for updating said linear prediction coefficient in response to an output from said second subtracter, and for outputting the updated coefficient to said first subtracter.

4. A voice coding apparatus according to claim 3, wherein said neural network includes a linear neuron unit.

5. A voice coding apparatus according to claim 3, wherein said neural network includes a linear neuron unit, and a non-linear neuron unit connected to said linear neuron unit.

6. A voice coding apparatus according to claim 5, further comprising random number generating means for providing an initial value of the synapse coupling coefficient between an input layer of said neural network and said non-linear neuron unit, and an initial value of the synapse coupling coefficient between said non-linear neuron unit and an output layer of said neural network.

7. A voice coding apparatus according to claim 3, further comprising gain adding means, arranged between said excitation code book and said linear prediction means, for providing a gain to said excitation vector from said excitation code book.

8. A voice coding apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising gain adding means, arranged between said excitation code book and said linear prediction means, for providing a gain to said excitation vector from said excitation code book.

9. A voice coding apparatus comprising:

means for receiving input speech and for sampling the input speech at a given time interval;

linear prediction analyzing means for acquiring a

linear prediction coefficient based on the input speech sampled at the given time interval;

a neural network for setting said linear prediction coefficient from said linear prediction analyzing means as an initial value of a synapse coupling coefficient, for acquiring a synthesized signal of said input speech while updating said synapse coupling coefficient which represents an updated linear prediction coefficient, and for outputting the updated linear prediction coefficient at a point when an error between said synthesized signal and said input speech is minimized;

[and]

wherein said neural network includes a linear neuron unit; and

error calculating means for determining an error between said input speech and said synthesized signal of said input speech obtained from the updated linear prediction coefficient from said neural network, based on the updated linear prediction coefficient from said neural network and said input speech.

10. A voice coding apparatus according to claim 9, wherein said neural network further includes a non-linear neuron unit connected to said linear neuron unit.

11. A voice coding apparatus according to claim 10, further comprising random number generating means for providing an initial value of the synapse coupling coefficient between an input layer of said neural network and said non-linear neuron unit, and an initial value of the synapse coupling coefficient between said non-linear neuron unit and an output layer of said neural network.

12. A voice decoding apparatus comprising:

coefficient code book means for storing linear prediction coefficients and for receiving an index of linear prediction coefficients of a coding apparatus, and for outputting a linear prediction coefficient corresponding to a received index;

excitation code book means for receiving an index of an excitation vector of the coding apparatus, and for outputting an excitation vector corresponding to the index received by said excitation code book means;

linear prediction means for generating a synthesized speech based on said linear prediction coefficient output by said coefficient code book means, and said excitation vector output by said excitation code book means; and

linear prediction analyzing means for producing a new linear prediction coefficient from said synthesized speech generated by said linear prediction means, and for supplying said new linear prediction coefficient to said coefficient code book means for storage in said coefficient code book means.

13. A voice coding/decoding apparatus comprising coding means and decoding means, and wherein:

said coding means includes;

first linear prediction analyzing means for producing linear prediction coefficients based on received input speech sampled at a given time interval;

coefficient code book means for storing linear prediction coefficients of speech synthesized based on an old input speech;

excitation code book means for storing predetermined excitation vectors;

first subtracter means for performing a subtraction operation of the linear prediction coefficient from said first linear prediction analyzing means, for calculating an error between the linear prediction coefficient from said first linear prediction analyzing means and one of linear prediction coefficients in said coefficient code book means, and for producing an error output;

first error minimizing means for acquiring the linear prediction coefficient in said coefficient code book means which minimizes the error output of said first subtracter means, and its index;

linear predicting means for acquiring a synthesized speech based on the linear prediction coefficient obtained by said first error minimizing means and an excitation vector in said excitation code book means;

second error minimizing means for receiving a signal representing an error between said input speech and said synthesized speech, and for acquiring an index of the excitation vector in said excitation code book means which minimizes the error, and a synthesized speech; and

second linear prediction analyzing means for receiving said synthesized speech from said second error minimizing means and for obtaining therefrom a linear prediction coefficient, and for supplying the obtained linear prediction coefficient to said coefficient code book means for storage of the obtained linear prediction coefficient in said coefficient code book means; and

said decoding means includes;

a further coefficient code book means for receiving an index of a coefficient code book of a coding means, and for outputting a linear prediction coefficient corresponding to the received index;

a further excitation code book means for receiving an index of an excitation vector of the coding means, and for outputting an excitation vector corresponding to the index received by said further excitation code book means;

a further linear prediction means for generating a synthesized speech based on said linear prediction coefficient output by said further coefficient code book means, and said excitation vector output by said further excitation code book means; and

a further linear prediction analyzing means for producing a new linear prediction coefficient from said synthesized speech generated by said linear prediction means, and for supplying said new linear prediction coefficient to said further coefficient code book means for storage of said new linear prediction coefficient in said further coefficient code book means.