Non-aqueous secondary liquid battery

• US 5,436,092 A
• Filed: 03/31/1993
• Issued: 07/25/1995
• Est. Priority Date: 03/31/1992
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Kuraray Company Limited, Ricoh Company Limited
• Original Assignee: Kuraray Company Limited, Ricoh Company Limited
• Inventors: Ohtsuka, Kiyoto, Kabata, Toshiyuki, Nishimura, Shushi, Ohsawa, Toshiyuki
• Primary Examiner(s): KALAFUT, STEPHEN J
• Application Number:
  US08/040,607
• Time in Patent Office: 846 Days
• Field of Search: 429/218, 429/194
• US Class Current: 429/218.1
• CPC Class Codes: C08L 2666/22 Macromolecular compounds not provided for in C08L2666/16 - C08L2666/20
• CPC Class Codes: C08L 71/02 Polyalkylene oxides
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/052 Li-accumulators
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/056 characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/583 Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 Energy storage using batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Abstract

A non-aqueous secondary battery using a non-aqueous electrolyte containing an alkali metal salt dissolved as an electrolyte in an organic polar solvent, includes a negative electrode which is composed of a carbon material with a graphite-like crystalline structure parameter Ip(002)/Io(002) at a diffraction peak at the (002) plane of an X-ray diffraction intensity curve being in the range of 0.7 to 0.95 and with a graphite-like crystalline structure parameter Ip(10)/Io(10) at a diffraction peak at the (10) plane of an X-ray diffraction intensity curve being 0.6 or less.

Claims

1. A non-aqueous secondary battery using a non-aqueous electrolyte comprising an alkali metal salt dissolved as an electrolytic salt in an organic polar solvent, comprising a negative electrode which comprises a carbon material with a graphite-like crystalline structure parameter Ip(002)/Io(002) at a diffraction peak at the (002) plane of an X-ray diffraction intensity curve being in the range of 0.7 to 0.95, and with a graphite-like crystalline structure parameter Ip(10)/Io(10) at a diffraction peak at the (10) plane of an X-ray diffraction intensity curve being 0.6 or less.

2. The non-aqueous secondary battery as claimed in claim 1, wherein said carbon material has an interplanar spacing [d(002)] at (002) plane in the range of 3.42 Å

to 3.70 Å

, and a crystallite size [Lc(002)] in the direction of C-axis in the range of 10 Å

to 70 Å

.

3. The non-aqueous secondary battery as claimed in claim 1, wherein said carbon material has a specific surface area of 30 m² /g or more.

4. The non-aqueous secondary battery as claimed in claim 1, wherein said carbon material is a mesophase-pitch-derived carbon material.

5. The non-aqueous secondary battery as claimed in claim 1, wherein said carbon material is a fibrous carbon material.

6. The non-aqueous secondary battery as claimed in claim 5, wherein said fibrous carbon material has a fiber diameter of 5 μ

m or more, and an aspect ratio of 50 or less.

7. The non-aqueous secondary battery as claimed in claim 1, wherein the concentration of said alkali metal dissolved in said organic polar solvent is in the range of 2 to 5 moles/liter.

8. The non-aqueous secondary battery as claimed in any of claims 1 to 7, wherein said negative electrode further comprises graphite which is mixed with said carbon material.

9. The non-aqueous secondary battery of claim 1, wherein the positive electrode material of the positive electrode of said battery is a transition metal chalcogenite compound, an electroconductive polymer, a carbon material or combinations thereof.

10. The non-aqueous secondary battery of claim 9, wherein said transition metal chalcogenite compound is an oxide which is V₂ O₅, TiO₂, Cr₃ O₈, MnO₂, MnO₃, CoO₂, NiO₂, a sulfide which is TiS₂ or FeS;

or a composite oxide of an oxide of Li with Mn, Li with Ni or Li with Co; and

said electroconductive polymer is a polyaniline, polypyrrole, polythiophene, polyacetylene, polyazulene, polydiphenylbenzidine, polyvinylpyridine or derivatives thereof.