Signal detector and method for detecting signals having selected frequency characteristics

• US 5,436,556 A
• Filed: 04/13/1992
• Issued: 07/25/1995
• Est. Priority Date: 12/20/1989
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Komninos, Nikolaos I.
• Original Assignee: Komninos, Nikolaos I.
• Inventors: Komninos, Nikolaos I.
• Primary Examiner(s): Wieder, Kenneth A.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Solis, Jose M.
• Application Number:
  US07/867,776
• Time in Patent Office: 1,198 Days
• Field of Search: 324/77 B, 324/78 F, 324/76.23, 324/76.29, 324/77.11
• US Class Current: 324/76.23
• CPC Class Codes: G01H 3/06 by electric means
• CPC Class Codes: G01M 3/24 using infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic vibrations

Abstract

A signal detector and signal detection methodology is provided to monitor oscillatory signals to produce detector output in response to the presence of target signals having a frequency within a selected frequency range. The detector has input processing circuitry that receives the oscillatory signals and filters out those which do not fall within the selected frequency range to produce an input signal. This initial signal is processed by a Schmitt-Trigger to create a square-wave signal. The processing circuit includes a scaler sub-circuit to divide the square-wave signal by an integer, and an integrating sub-circuit integrates the resulting scaled signal to produce the intermediate signal. An amplification circuit has variable gain controlled by averaging the amplitude of the input signal by way of the control component so that the initial signal is amplified according to the original amplitude to produce a scaled replica of the filtered input signal. Sensitivity adjustment and visual and audible displays are used for the detector output.

Claims

1. A signal detector for monitoring a universe of oscillatory signals and operative to produce detector output in response to the presence of one or more target signals wherein the target signals have frequency characteristics within a selected range, said signal detector comprising:

input processing means for receiving said oscillatory signals and for processing said oscillatory signals to remove oscillatory signals which do not have frequency characteristics within the selected range and for producing an input signal corresponding to target signals which are present in said oscillatory signals, said input signal having an input frequency and an input amplitude corresponding to said target signals; and

amplifier means for receiving said input signal and for amplifying said input signal at a gain proportionally to the input amplitude thereof to produce a detector output signal.

2. A signal detector according to claim 1 including input cut-off means for inhibiting input signals which have an amplitude less than a selected threshold.

3. A signal detector according to claim 1 wherein said input signal is separated into a control component operative to control the gain of said amplifier means proportional to the input amplitude and into a primary input component to be amplified by said amplifier means, and including amplitude compressor means for setting a ceiling amplitude for said primary input component and for compressing to said ceiling amplitude all amplitudes of said primary input component that exceed said ceiling amplitude.

4. A signal detector according to claim 3 including input cut-off means for inhibiting amplification of input signals which have an amplitude less than a selected threshold.

5. A signal detector according to claim 1 including means for adjusting the amplitude of the input signal prior to introducing the input control signal to said amplifier means.

6. A signal detector according to claim 1 including means for visually displaying the amplitude of said detector output signal.

7. A signal detector according to claim 1 wherein the detector output frequency is proportional to the input signal frequency and including means for audibly displaying the frequency of said detector output signal.

8. A signal detector according to claim 7 including means for audibly displaying the amplitude of said detector output signal.

9. A signal detector for monitoring a universe of oscillatory signals and operative to produce detector output in response to the present of one or more target signals wherein the target signals have frequency characteristics within a selected range, said signal detector comprising:

input processing means for receiving said oscillatory signals and for processing said oscillatory signals to remove oscillatory signals which do not have frequency characteristics within the selected range and for producing an input signal corresponding to target signals which are present in said oscillatory signals, said input signal having an input frequency and an input amplitude corresponding to said target signals;

a first control circuit means electrically coupled to said input signal for producing a first control signal proportional to the amplitude of said input signal;

processing circuit means receiving said input signal for producing an intermediate signal having an intermediate frequency proportional to the frequency of said input signal; and

first amplifier means for amplifying said intermediate signal to produce a detector output signal at an output frequency and amplitude, said amplifier means having first variable gain control circuitry operative to controllably vary the gain of said amplifier means, said variable gain control circuitry responsive to said first control signal to vary the gain of said amplifier means in proportion to the amplitude of the input signal.

10. A signal detector according to claim 9 wherein said processing circuit means includes input cut-off means for establishing a minimum amplitude threshold operative to inhibit processing of input signals having amplitudes less than said minimum amplitude threshold.

11. A signal detector according to claim 9 wherein said processing circuit means includes second amplifier means for amplifying said input signal into an initial intermediate signal having an intermediate frequency and amplitude and including second gain control circuitry for controlling the gain of said second amplifier means to limit the gain thereof and thereby establish a ceiling amplitude level for said initial intermediate signal.

12. A signal detector according to claim 11 wherein said second gain control circuitry reduces the gain of said second amplifier means proportionally to the amplitude of the input signal.

13. A signal detector according to claim 12 wherein said processing circuit means includes input cut-off means for establishing a minimum amplitude threshold operative to inhibit processing of input signals having amplitudes less than said minimum amplitude threshold.

14. A signal detector according to claim 13 wherein said processing circuit means includes a square wave generator operative to convert the initial intermediate signal into a square-wave intermediate signal having a frequency and an amplitude corresponding to the initial intermediate frequency and amplitude.

15. A signal detector according to claim 14 wherein said square-wave generator includes frequency response means responsive to the frequency of the initial intermediate signal to increase responsiveness of the square-wave generator at higher frequencies of the initial intermediate signal.

16. A signal detector according to claim 15 wherein said processing circuit means includes scaler circuitry operative in response to the square-wave intermediate signal to produce a scaled intermediate signal having scaled frequency that is proportional to the frequency of the square-wave intermediate signal.

17. A signal detector according to claim 16 wherein said processing circuit means includes integrator circuitry operative in response to said scaled intermediate signal to produce a resultant intermediate signal that is an integration of the scaled intermediate signal, said resultant intermediate signal being input into said first amplifier means as said intermediate signal.

18. A signal detector according to claim 9 including audible output means for producing an audible output tone in response to said detector output signal at an audible frequency and amplitude proportional to the output frequency and amplitude.

19. A signal detector according to claim 9 including a visual display operative to display the output amplitude of said detector output signal.

20. A method for monitoring oscillatory signals in order to indicate when the presence of selected signals having a frequency within a selected frequency range, comprising the steps of:

receiving said oscillatory signals;

filtering said oscillatory signals to remove substantially all oscillatory signals which do not have a frequency within the selected frequency range and producing an input signal when at least one of said selected signals is present such that said input signal has an input amplitude and an input frequency representative of the frequency and amplitude of all of the selected signals which are then present;

amplifying input signal at an amplification gain to produce a detector output wherein the amplification gain of the input signal is adjustably varied as a function of the input amplitude; and

displaying said detector output.

21. A method according to claim 20 including the step of deriving an intermediate signal from said input signal such that the step of amplifying the input signal is accomplished by amplifying the intermediate signal with the amplification gain being varied as a function of the input amplitude.

22. A method according to claim 21 wherein the step of deriving said intermediate signal includes the step of amplifying the input signal at a variable gain to produce an initial intermediate signal such that smaller initial amplitudes have a higher amplification gain and greater initial amplitudes have lesser amplification to compress the amplitude of the intermediate signal within a selected amplitude band.

23. A signal detector according to claim 22 including the step of scaling the initial intermediate signal to alter the frequency thereof.

24. A signal detector according to claim 20 including the step of inhibiting the amplification of input signals having amplitudes less than a selected threshold.

25. A signal detector according to claim 20 wherein the step of displaying said detector output includes the step of audibly displaying said detector output.

26. A signal detector according to claim 20 wherein the step of displaying said detector output includes the step of visually displaying said detector output.