Segmented device for simultaneous delivery of multiple beneficial agents

• US 5,443,461 A
• Filed: 08/31/1993
• Issued: 08/22/1995
• Est. Priority Date: 08/31/1993
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: ALZA Corporation (Johnson & Johnson)
• Original Assignee: ALZA Corporation (Johnson & Johnson)
• Inventors: Dunn, John T., Gale, Robert M., Rivera, David L., Atkinson, Linda E.
• Primary Examiner(s): Green, Randall L.
• Assistant Examiner(s): ZUTTARELLI, ANTHONY
• Application Number:
  US08/114,800
• Time in Patent Office: 721 Days
• Field of Search: 604/265, 604/890.1, 604/891.1, 604/892.1, 424/473
• US Class Current: 604/892.1
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 9/4808 characterised by the form of the capsule or the structure of the filling; Capsules containing small tablets; Capsules with outer layer for immediate drug release capsules filled with granules or microparticles A61K9/16; filled with microcapsules or coated microparticles A61K9/50; with mixture of different granules, microcapsules, (coated) microparticles A61K9/5084

Abstract

Diffusional delivery devices are constructed in two or more compartments, each containing a separate drug or other beneficial agent, and each arranged to permit diffusion of the agent out of the device through an individually-characterized agent-permeable wall segment. The diffusion rates of the various agents relative to one another are set and controlled by the parameters of the individual wall segments, such as the surface area of the wall segment, the average thickness of the wall segment, and the permeability of the wall segment for the particular agent. The permeability may be varied by variations in the chemical composition of the wall segment. Using these parameters rather than blending the agents at calculated ratios in a single formulation for diffusion through a single wall permits a wider range of, and greater flexibility in, variation between the diffusion rates of the different agents. This is of value when the simultaneous administration of agents at a specified ratio is desired.

Claims

1. A diffusional delivery device for placement in an aqueous environment for delivery to said environment of a plurality of beneficial agents each at a preselected rate for a predetermined duration of use, said device comprising:

a plurality of beneficial agent formulations, each formulation being in physical contact with its adjacent formulation and each said beneficial agent formulation comprising said beneficial agent and a dilution agent in which it is lowly soluble, the amount of said beneficial agent in said formulation being in excess of saturation in their respective dilution agent throughout said duration of use,

an elongate enclosure defined by a wall at least a portion of which is permeable by diffusion to said beneficial agents, said formulation together with said segment of said wall defining a plurality of compartments along said enclosure,

each of said wall segments being capable of releasing said beneficial agent confined therein by diffusion at the preselected rate for each said beneficial agent, thereby causing preselected quantities of beneficial agent to diffuse from said plurality of compartments through said wall segments per unit time when said device is placed in said aqueous environment.

3. A diffusional delivery device in accordance with claim 1 in which said wall is divided into two such wall segments, thereby defining two said compartments.

4. A diffusional delivery device in accordance with claim 1 in which said plurality of wall segments include two such wall segments differing in surface area by a ratio of from about 1.2 to about 4.0.

5. A diffusional delivery device in accordance with claim 1, said device having a longitudinal axis and wherein said plurality of wall segments have cross sections transverse to said longitudinal axis which are substantially identical, with two of said wall segments differing in axial length by a ratio of from about 1.2 to about 4.0.

6. A diffusional delivery device in accordance with claim 1 said device having a longitudinal axis and wherein said plurality of wall segments have cross sections transverse to said longitudinal axis which are substantially identical, with two of said wall segments differing in average wall thickness by a ratio of from about 1.5 to about 4.0.

7. A diffusional delivery device in accordance with claim 1 said device having a longitudinal axis and wherein said plurality of wall segments have cross sections transverse to said longitudinal axis which are substantially identical, with two of said wall segments differing in both axial length and average wall thickness.

8. A diffusional delivery device in accordance with claim 1 said device having a longitudinal axis and wherein said plurality of wall segments have cross sections transverse to said longitudinal axis which are substantially identical, with two of said wall segments differing in axial length by a ratio of from about 1.2 to about 4.0, and in average wall thickness by a ratio of from about 1.5 to about 4.0.

9. A diffusional delivery device in accordance with claim 1 in which said elongate enclosure terminates in first and second ends and said enclosing wall is of continuously increasing thickness from said first end to said second end, whereby the average wall thicknesses of successive wall segments increase from said first end to said second end and further including an interface between said beneficial agent formulations, said interface defined by a step change in composition between adjacent said beneficial agent formulations.

10. A diffusional delivery device in accordance with claim 1 further comprising a plurality of beneficial agent formulations, one such formulation filling each of said compartments and each such formulation containing a beneficial agent.

11. A diffusional delivery device in accordance with claim 1 said device having a longitudinal axis and wherein said plurality of wall segments have cross sections transverse to said longitudinal axis which are substantially identical, with at least two of said wall segments differing in chemical composition and thereby in beneficial agent permeability.

12. A diffusional delivery device in accordance with claim 1 further comprising a partition separating each pair of adjacent compartments within said elongate enclosure to substantially eliminate interdiffusion between compartments.

13. A diffusional delivery device in accordance with claim 1 in which each said beneficial agent is a solid partially soluble in said dilution agent with a solubility limit of from about 1% to about 4% by weight, and each said beneficial agent formulation comprises solid particles of said beneficial agent dispersed through a saturated solution of said beneficial agent in said dilution agent.

14. A diffusional delivery device in accordance with claim 1 said device having a longitudinal axis and further comprising a plurality of beneficial agent formulations, one such formulation filling each of said compartments and each such formulation containing a beneficial agent, and in which said plurality of wall segments have cross sections transverse to said longitudinal axis which are substantially identical, with at least two of said wall segments differing in normalized permeation coefficients relative to the drugs contained in the compartments surrounded by said wall segments.

15. A diffusional delivery device in accordance with claim 14 in which said at least two wall sections are both formed of a block copolymer comprised of blocks of crystalline and amorphous homopolymer, said block copolymer differing between said at least two wall sections in the ratio of the number of crystalline homopolymer blocks to the number of amorphous homopolymer blocks to a degree resulting in a difference in beneficial agent permeability.

16. A diffusional delivery device in accordance with claim 14 in which said at least two wall sections are both formed of a block copolymer comprised of blocks of crystalline and amorphous homopolymer, said block copolymer differing between said at least two wall sections in the ratio of the average size of said amorphous homopolymer blocks to the average size of said crystalline homopolymer blocks to a degree resulting in a difference in beneficial agent permeability.

17. A diffusional delivery device in accordance with claim 1 in which said beneficial agent formulations are selected such that in each said formulation said beneficial agent has a solubility limit of from about 1% to about 4% by weight in said dilution agent.

18. A diffusional delivery device in accordance with claim 17 in which the total amount of said beneficial agent contained in each said beneficial agent formulation differs between at least two of said compartments.

2. A diffusional delivery device in accordance with claim in which said wall is divided into two to five such wall segments, thereby defining two to five said compartments.