Process for combustion of sulfur-containing carbonaceous materials

• US 5,447,703 A
• Filed: 06/22/1993
• Issued: 09/05/1995
• Est. Priority Date: 06/30/1992
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Novacon Energy Systems, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Novacon Energy Systems, Inc.
• Inventors: Baer, Stephen H., Dell'Aquila, deceased, Joseph
• Primary Examiner(s): Straub, Gary P.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Vanoy, Timothy C.
• Application Number:
  US08/080,937
• Time in Patent Office: 805 Days
• Field of Search: 44/603, 110/215, 110/216, 110/342, 110/347, 423/235, 423/239.1, 423/244.07, 423/244.08
• US Class Current: 423/235
• CPC Class Codes: C10L 10/02 for reducing smoke development
• CPC Class Codes: F01N 2570/04 Sulfur or sulfur oxides
• CPC Class Codes: F01N 3/08 for rendering innocuous using electric or electrostatic separators F01N3/01; chemical aspects B01D53/92
• CPC Class Codes: F23J 7/00 Arrangement of devices for supplying chemicals to fire
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 20/12 Heat utilisation in combustion or incineration of waste

Abstract

In a process for burning a combustible, sulfur-containing carbonaceous material such as coal, municipal waste, or tires, recrystallized metamorphic CaCO₃ is introduced into the combustion zone along with the fuel. The amount of SO₂ and NO₂ generated is substantially reduced as compared to conventional processes and, even with no post-scrubbing equipment, the emission levels compare favorably to the emission levels of state-of-the-art power plants using the same coal with extensive emission controls. The present process also acts to convert sulfur resident in coal into elemental sulfur and loose sulfur compounds and to reduce the particulate output.

Claims

1. A process for burning a combustible, sulfur-containing carbonaceous material, while reducing the formation of noxious materials exhausted to the atmosphere comprising introducing said carbonaceous material, oxygen and marble having a particle size in the range of from about 300 sieve up to about 4 sieve into a combustion zone, said marble being introduced at a feed rate in a stoichiometric ratio of CaO to S in a range of from about 1.0 to about 2.0 to 1.0, maintaining a temperature sufficient to ignite said oxygen and said carbonaceous material in said combustion zone and forming solid by-products of combustion and retarding and reducing simultaneously the formation of SO_x and NO_x, wherein at least 75% of SO_x emission is removed and wherein NO_x emission are more than 50% below the NO_x emissions using limestone and reducing carbon in said solid by-products to a range of from about 20% up to about 50% by weight of the carbon content using limestone, based on the weight of said solid by-products, including carbon, and exhausting the gaseous by-products of combustion.

2. A process according to claim 1, wherein marble, metamorphic is added in an amount of about 5% to about 15% by weight of the carbonaceous material.

3. A process according to claim 1 including maintaining a temperature in a range of from about 1250°

F. (677°

C.) up to about the decomposition temperature of the marble, metamorphic in the combustion zone.

4. A process according to claim 1 including maintaining a temperature in a range of from about 1250°

F. (677°

C.) up to about 2800°

F. (1583°

C.) in the combustion zone.

5. A process according to claim 1 wherein the carbonaceous material is coal.

6. A process according to claim 1 wherein the marble, metamorphic is mixed with the carbonaceous prior to introducing said carbonaceous material into the combustion zone.

7. A process according to claim 1 wherein the carbonaceous material comprises tires.

8. A process according to claim 1 including introducing iron into the combustion zone along with the marble, metamorphic.

9. A process according to claim 1 including introducing aluminum into the combustion zone along with the marble, metamorphic.

10. A process according to claim 1 including separating the solid by-products, including carbon, from said gaseous by-products of combustion, before exhausting said gaseous by-products to the atmosphere and recovering said solid by-products, including carbon, for further use.

11. A process according to claim 1 including recovering the bottom ash for further use.

12. A process according to claim 1 including separating unused recrystallized, metamorphic marble from the gaseous by products of combustion before exhaustion, and recycling the separated unused marble, metamorphic to the combustion zone.