Leak diagnosis system for evaporative emission control system

• US 5,448,980 A
• Filed: 12/17/1993
• Issued: 09/12/1995
• Est. Priority Date: 12/17/1992
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Nissan Motor Co., Ltd.
• Original Assignee: Nissan Motor Co., Ltd.
• Inventors: Kobayashi, Masato, Kawamura, Katsuhiko
• Primary Examiner(s): Moulis, Thomas N.
• Application Number:
  US08/168,312
• Time in Patent Office: 634 Days
• Field of Search: 123/516, 123/518, 123/520, 123/198 D, 123/519
• US Class Current: 123/520
• CPC Class Codes: F02B 77/088 relating to tightness
• CPC Class Codes: F02M 25/0809 Judging failure of purge control system

Abstract

A leak diagnosis system is provided for diagnosing a leak condition of an evaporative emission control system for an internal combustion engine. The leak diagnosis system receives a signal indicative of a pressure in the evaporative emission system and obtains a converged limit negative pressure in the evaporative emission control system when the evaporative emission control system is communicated with the operating engine. The leak diagnosis system diagnoses a leak condition by comparing the converged limit negative pressure with a leak decision value.

Claims

1. A leak diagnosis system for an evaporative emission control system of an internal combustion engine, said leak diagnosis system comprising:

a pressure detecting means for detecting a pressure in the evaporative emission control system and for outputting a signal indicative of the pressure of the evaporative emission control system; and

a leak diagnosis means for obtaining a converged limit negative pressure in the evaporative emission control system which is under a suction condition by the engine according to the signal from said pressure detecting means, said leak diagnosis means diagnosing a leak condition of the evaporative emission control system by comparing the converged limit negative pressure with a predetermined leak decision value.

2. A leak diagnosis system as claimed in claim 1, further comprising:

an inner space volume detecting means which detects an inner space volume of the evaporative emission control system, and a leak decision value correcting means which corrects the predetermined leak decision value according to the detected inner space volume.

3. A leak diagnosis system as claimed in claim 1, further comprising:

a fuel-vapor generating-amount detecting means which detects a generating amount of fuel vapor in the evaporative emission control system, and a second leak decision value correcting means which corrects the predetermined leak decision value according to the detected generating amount of fuel vapor.

4. A leak diagnosis system as claimed in claim 2, further comprising:

a fuel-vapor generating-amount detecting means which detects a generating amount of fuel vapor in the closed evaporative emission control system and a second leak decision value correcting means which corrects the predetermined leak decision value according to the detected generating amount of fuel vapor.

5. A leak diagnosis means for an evaporative emission control system of an internal combustion engine, said leak diagnosis system comprising:

a pressure detecting means for detecting a pressure in the evaporative emission control system; and

a leak diagnosis means for obtaining a converged limit negative pressure in the evaporative emission control system which is under a suction condition by the engine, said leak diagnosis means diagnosing a leak condition of the evaporative emission control system by comparing the converged limit negative pressure with a predetermined leak decision value,

wherein the evaporative emission control system includes an opening-degree control valve which functions as a shut-off means between the evaporative emission control system and the engine, the opening-degree control valve functioning as a leak decision value changing means which changes the leak decision value according to the opening degree of the opening-degree control valve.

6. A leak diagnosis system for an evaporative emission control system applied to an internal combustion engine for an automotive vehicle, the evaporative emission control system having an evaporative fuel adsorbing means which temporally adsorbs evaporative fuel from a fuel tank and from which the adsorbed evaporative fuel is purged in the internal combustion engine under a predetermined engine operating condition, said leak diagnosis system comprising:

a fuel remaining amount sensor installed in the fuel tank, said fuel remaining amount sensor detecting a fuel remaining amount in the fuel tank and outputting a signal indicative of the fuel remaining amount in the fuel tank;

a fuel temperature sensor installed in the fuel tank, said fuel temperature sensor detecting a fuel temperature in the fuel tank and outputting a signal indicative of the fuel temperature in the fuel tank;

a pressure sensor for detecting a pressure in the evaporative emission control system when the evaporative emission control system is communicated with the operating engine and for outputting a signal indicative of a pressure in the evaporative emission control system; and

a control unit obtaining a converged limit negative pressure in the evaporative emission control system according to the signal from said pressure sensor, said control unit having a map for selecting a leak decision value according to the remaining fuel amount and fuel temperature, said control unit selecting a leak decision value from the map according to the signals from said fuel remaining amount sensor and said fuel temperature sensor, said control unit diagnosing a leak condition of the evaporative emission control system by comparing the converged limit negative pressure with the selected leak decision value.

7. A leak diagnosis system as claimed in claim 6, further comprising:

a drain-cut valve which cuts the communication between a charcoal canister of the evaporative emission control system and the atmosphere.

8. A leak diagnosis system for an evaporative emission control system applied to an internal combustion engine for an automotive vehicle, the evaporative emission control system having an evaporative fuel adsorbing means which temporally adsorbs evaporative fuel from a fuel tank and from which the adsorbed evaporative fuel is purged in the internal combustion engine under a predetermined engine operating condition, said leak diagnosis system comprising:

first means for detecting a volume of a fuel vapor existing in a fuel vapor existing space in the evaporative emission control system;

second means for detecting a generating amount of fuel vapor in the evaporative emission control system;

third means for detecting a pressure value in the evaporative emission control system when the evaporative emission control system is communicated with the operating engine and for outputting a signal indicative of a pressure in the evaporative emission control system;

fourth means for selecting a leak decision value according to the fuel vapor existing space and the generating amount of fuel vapor;

fifth means for obtaining a converged limit negative pressure in the evaporative emission control system from the signal of said third means;

sixth means for comparing the converged limit negative pressure value of said third means with the leak decision value of said fourth means; and

seventh means or outputting an alarm to a vehicle passenger when the converged limit negative pressure is nearer to the atmospheric pressure than the selected leak decision value.