Dual fuel system

• US 5,450,832 A
• Filed: 03/21/1994
• Issued: 09/19/1995
• Est. Priority Date: 03/21/1994
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Bruce R. Graf
• Original Assignee: Bruce R. Graf
• Inventors: Graf, Bruce R.
• Primary Examiner(s): Yuen, Henry C.
• Assistant Examiner(s): SOLIS, ERICK R
• Application Number:
  US08/215,146
• Time in Patent Office: 547 Days
• Field of Search: 123/525, 123/527, 123/27 GE, 123/515
• US Class Current: 123/515
• CPC Class Codes: F02D 19/061 by controlling fuel injectors
• CPC Class Codes: F02D 19/0613 Switch-over from one fuel to another F02D19/081 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: F02D 19/0642 at least one fuel being gaseous, the other fuels being gaseous or liquid at standard conditions
• CPC Class Codes: F02M 13/08 Carburettors adapted to use liquid and gaseous fuels, e.g. alternatively
• CPC Class Codes: F02M 21/0239 Pressure or flow regulators therefor
• CPC Class Codes: F02M 21/047 Venturi mixer
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/30 Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels

Abstract

A dual fuel system for motor vehicles having an internal combustion engine with electronic fuel injection equipment designed for use with gasoline fuel, wherein a delivery system for an alternate fuel, such as compressed natural gas or the like, is provided. The alternate fuel delivery system comprises a pilot valve regulated by a separate electronic fuel injector connected to the vehicle'"'"'s electronic control module is also connected on one side of the pilot valve to a pressurized tank of gaseous fuel, and on the other side to the vehicle'"'"'s throttle body for delivery of the alternate fuel thereto in the proper amounts called for by the vehicle'"'"'s original electronic control module. The same electronic control module regulates the amount of alternate fuel such as compressed natural gas delivered to the engine when operating on the alternate fuel as well as the amount of gasoline when operating in that mode.

Claims

1. A dual fuel system for an internal combustion engine, comprising an internal combustion engine having an existing electronic fuel injection system to provide gasoline fuel for operation thereof, said existing electronic fuel injection system including an existing electronic control module to sense fuel demand conditions of said engine and transmit control signals responsive thereto, a throttle body having a throat, a throttle therein, a venturi member having a passageway in communication with said throat of said throttle body and upstream therefrom, a gasoline electronic fuel injector to receive said control signals from said electronic control module in registration with said throat of said throttle body and connected to a supply of gasoline fuel, a temperature sensor to sense the temperature of said engine connected in circuit with said electronic control module for transmission of engine temperature signals thereto, an alternate electronic fuel injection system to deliver an alternate fuel to operate said engine, said alternate electronic fuel injection system including alternate electronic fuel injection means for connection to said existing electronic control module to receive said control signals therefrom when connected thereto, alternate fuel regulating means operably associated with said alternate fuel to said engine for operation thereof on said alternate fuel, including a supply of said alternate fuel, and fuel selection switch means to switch operation of said engine from said existing electronic fuel injection system which provides gasoline fuel for operation thereof to said alternate electronic fuel injection system which provides an alternate fuel for operation of said engine and vice versa wherein said alternate fuel regulating means includes a pilot control valve, said pilot control valve having a diaphragm member separating a primary flow passageway on one side thereof and a control pressure chamber on the opposite side thereof, a flow inlet port opening to said control pressure chamber, a primary flow inlet port opening to said primary flow passageway at one end thereof and a primary flow outlet port opening to said primary flow passageway at the other end thereof, a control valve member provided in said primary flow passageway between said inlet port and said outlet port movable between a valve open and a valve closed position adjustable to any position therebetween in response to movement of said diaphragm.

2. A dual fuel system for an internal combustion engine as set forth in claim 1, wherein said alternate electronic fuel injection means comprises an alternate fuel electronic fuel injector to receive said control signals from said electronic control module, said alternate fuel electronic fuel injector including a through passageway, an inlet opening to said through passageway, an outlet opening to said through passageway and closure means to open, close and vary the opening of said through passageway responsive to said control signals from said electronic control module, said inlet of said through passageway of said alternate fuel electronic fuel injector being positioned in registration with said control flow inlet port opening to said control pressure chamber, said outlet of said through passageway of said alternate fuel electronic fuel injector being positioned to open to said control pressure chamber.

3. A dual fuel system for an internal combustion engine as set forth in claim 1, wherein said fuel selection switch means includes an electrical switching circuit to switch operation of said internal combustion engine from one of said fuels to the other, comprising a power source, a first circuit connected between said electronic control module and said gasoline electronic fuel injector for operation of said engine on said gasoline fuel, a second circuit connected between said electronic control module and said alternate fuel electronic fuel injector for operation of said engine on said alternate fuel, and a switching component connected between said power source and said first and second circuits to operatively connect either one of said circuits to said power source and disconnect the other.

4. A dual fuel system for an internal combustion engine as set forth in claim 3, including a pressurized alternate fuel supply tank, an alternate fuel line leading from said alternate fuel supply tank to said primary flow inlet port of said pilot control valve, a solenoid valve in said alternate fuel line to open and close said fuel line, said solenoid valve being connected in said second circuit.

5. A dual fuel system for an internal combustion engine as set forth in claim 3, wherein said temperature sensor is connected in said first circuit, being thereby connected and operative when said engine is switched for operation on gasoline, being disconnected and inoperative when said engine is switched for operation on said alternate fuel.

6. A dual fuel system for an internal combustion engine as set forth in claim 5, including a fixed resistor, said fixed resistor being connected in said second circuit, said fixed resistor having a resistance to simulate that which said temperature sensor impresses on said first circuit at normal operating temperature of said engine.

7. A dual fuel system for an internal combustion engine as set forth in claim 4, including a heat exchanger positioned relative to said alternate fuel line to preheat said alternate fuel as it flows in said line from said alternate fuel supply tank to said venturi member and said throttle body.

8. A dual fuel system for an internal combustion engine as set forth in claim 4, including a first alternate fuel pressure regulator in said alternate fuel line to reduce alternate fuel pressure therein to a range which includes one hundred pounds per square inch.

9. A dual fuel system for an internal combustion engine as set forth in claim 8, including a branch alternate fuel line leading from said alternate fuel line on the downstream side of said first alternate fuel pressure regulator to said control flow inlet port opening to said control pressure chamber of said pilot control valve, a second alternate fuel pressure regulator in said branch alternate fuel line to reduce alternate fuel pressure therein to a range which includes thirty pounds per square inch.

10. A dual system for an internal combustion engine comprising an electronic control module to sense fuel demand of said engine and transmit control signals responsive thereto, an electronic fuel injector connected to receive said control signals from said electronic control module, a pilot control valve, said pilot control valve having a movable member separating a primary flow passageway on one side thereof and a control pressure chamber on the opposite side thereof, a control flow inlet port opening to said control pressure chamber, a primary flow inlet port opening to said primary flow passageway at one end thereof and a primary flow outlet port opening to said primary flow passageway at the other end thereof, a control valve member provided in said primary flow passageway between said inlet port and said outlet port movable between a valve open and valve closed position adjustable to any position therebetween in response to movement of said movable member, a pressurized fuel supply tank to receive a supply of pressurized gaseous fuel, a first fuel line leading from said pressurized fuel supply tank to said primary flow inlet port of said pilot control valve, a second fuel line leading from said primary flow outlet port of said pilot control valve to fuel entrance means to a manifold leading to combustion chambers of the cylinders of said engine, including said fuel entrance means, said electronic fuel injector including a through passageway, an inlet opening to said through passageway of said fuel injector, an outlet opening to said through passageway of said fuel injector, fuel injector closure means to open, close and vary the opening of said through passageway of said fuel injector responsive to said control signals from said electronic control module, said inlet of said through passageway of said fuel injector being positioned in registration with said control flow inlet port opening to said control pressure chamber, said outlet of said through passageway of said fuel injector being positioned to open to said control pressure chamber, a first fuel pressure regulator in said first fuel line to reduce fuel pressure therein to a range which includes one hundred pounds per square inch, a third fuel line leading from said first fuel line on the downstream side of said first fuel pressure regulator to said control flow inlet port opening to said control pressure chamber of said pilot control valve, a second fuel pressure regulator in said third fuel line to reduce fuel pressure therein to a range which includes thirty pounds per square inch.

11. A dual fuel system for an internal combustion engine as set forth in claim 10, wherein said entrance means to a manifold leading to combustion chambers of the cylinders of said engine comprise a venturi mixer having a venturi passageway therethrough, a throttle body having a through passageway in registration with said venturi passageway and downstream therefrom.

12. A dual fuel system for an internal combustion engine as set forth in claim 11, including an air passageway through said venturi mixer and said throttle body, having an air intake which opens at one end to receive a flow of ambient air into said air passageway and an air outlet which opens at the other end to said through passageway of said throttle body.

13. A dual fuel system for an internal combustion engine as set forth in claim 10, including an output adjustment valve movable between an open and closed position and positioned to vary the cross-sectional opening of said primary flow passageway of said pilot control valve.

14. A dual fuel system for an internal combustion engine as set forth in claim 10, including a pilot pressure adjustment valve movable between an open and closed position and positioned to vary the cross-sectional opening of the outlet port from said control pressure chamber of said pilot control valve, including said outlet port thereof.

15. A dual fuel system for an internal combustion engine as set forth in claim 10, including an idle compensation adjustment valve movable between an open and closed position and positioned to vary the cross-sectional opening of an idle fuel passageway of said pilot control valve, including said idle fuel passageway thereof.