Automatic composer for composing a melody in real time

• US 5,451,709 A
• Filed: 12/29/1992
• Issued: 09/19/1995
• Est. Priority Date: 12/30/1991
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Casio Computer Company Limited
• Original Assignee: Casio Computer Company Limited
• Inventors: Minamitaka, Junichi
• Primary Examiner(s): Shoop, Jr., William M.
• Assistant Examiner(s): DONELS, JEFFREY
• Application Number:
  US07/998,561
• Time in Patent Office: 994 Days
• Field of Search: 84/669, 84/609-614, 84/634-637, 84/650-652, 84/666-669
• US Class Current: 84/609
• CPC Class Codes: G10H 1/0025 Automatic or semi-automatic music composition, e.g. producing random music, applying rules from music theory or modifying a musical piece automatically producing a series of tones G10H1/26
• CPC Class Codes: G10H 1/36 Accompaniment arrangements
• CPC Class Codes: G10H 2210/111 Automatic composing, i.e. using predefined musical rules
• CPC Class Codes: G10H 2210/115 using a random process to generate a musical note, phrase, sequence or structure
• CPC Class Codes: G10H 2210/131 Morphing, i.e. transformation of a musical piece into a new different one, e.g. remix
• CPC Class Codes: G10H 2210/145 Composing rules, e.g. harmonic or musical rules, for use in automatic composition; Rule generation algorithms therefor
• CPC Class Codes: G10H 2210/576 Chord progression
• CPC Class Codes: G10H 2210/611 Chord ninth or above, to which is added a tension note
• CPC Class Codes: G10H 2210/616 Chord seventh, major or minor
• CPC Class Codes: G10H 2250/015 Markov chains, e.g. hidden Markov models [HMM], for musical processing, e.g. musical analysis or musical composition

Abstract

A composition conditioning system selects a music structure from a music structure database. The selected music structure specifies a first condition of music composition. A style input specifies a second condition of music composition. A melody rhythm composer retrieves, from a rhythm pattern database, an appropriate rhythm pattern for the composition condition. A chord progression composer retrieves, from a chord progression database, a suitable chord progression for the composition condition. A melody pitch composer generates a pitch candidate for a new melody note from an old melody note pitch and a current music progression (tonality and chord). A pattern recognizing module analyzes a melody up to the candidate into a melody pattern. A test module searches through a melody pattern rule base for the analyzed melody pattern.

Claims

1. An automatic composer comprising:

music progression providing means for providing a music progression;

melody pattern rule base means for storing rules of melody patterns each representing a melody note succession in terms of a note type succession and a motion succession; and

melody composing means for composing a melody fitting with said music progression from said music progression providing means and satisfying rules of melody patterns in said melody pattern rule base means.

2. The automatic composer of claim 1 further comprising:

tempo designating means for designating a performance tempo;

said melody composing means comprising real-time melody composing means for composing a melody in real-time commensurate with said performance tempo; and

real-time melody performing means for performing, in real-time, said melody composed by said real-time melody composing means.

3. The automatic composer of claim 1 further comprising:

user-melody input means for inputting a melody from a user;

melody pattern recognizing means for recognizing a pattern of said input melody from said user-melody input means based on said music progression, said recognized pattern being represented by a note type succession and a motion succession; and

rule base extending means for recording, as an additional rule, said recognized pattern from said melody pattern recognizing means into said melody pattern rule base means to thereby extend said melody pattern rule base means.

4. The automatic composer of claim 1, composing melody notes sequentially, wherein said melody composing means comprises:

melody pattern storage means for storing a melody pattern represented in a note type succession and a motion succession and derived from a melody as far as an old melody note last composed;

pitch candidate generating means for generating a first pitch candidate for a new melody note to be newly composed;

classifying means for classifying a note type and motion of said first pitch candidate based on pitch of said old melody note and a current situation of said music progression;

test pattern forming means for using said classified note type and motion of said first pitch candidate to update said melody pattern storage means to thereby form a test melody pattern as far as said new melody note having said first pitch candidate;

rule base search means for searching through said melody pattern rule base means for said test melody pattern;

further candidate generating means responsive to failure of said search for generating a further pitch candidate for said new melody note;

repeating means for repeating operation of said classifying means, said test melody pattern forming means and said rule base search means for said further pitch candidate; and

pitch determining means responsive to success of said search for determining a pitch of said new melody note by that pitch candidate involved in said success of said search.

5. The automatic composer of claim 1 wherein said music progression providing means comprises:

chord progression generating means for generating a chord progression; and

tonality designating means for designating a tonality.

6. An automatic composer comprising:

music progression providing means for providing a music progression;

melody pattern rule base means for storing rules of melody patterns each representing a melody note succession by a note-type succession and a motion succession;

note succession candidate generating means for generating a note succession candidate for a melody to be composed;

melody pattern forming means for recognizing a pattern of said note succession candidate based on said music progression to thereby form a test melody pattern represented in a note type succession and a motion succession;

rule base search means for searching through said melody pattern rule base means for said test melody pattern;

repeating means for repeating operation of said note succession candidate generating means, said melody pattern forming means and said rule base search means while changing said note succession candidate each time till success of said rule base search means in finding a melody pattern rule matching said test melody pattern; and

determining means responsive to said success of said rule base search means for determining a note succession of the melody by that note succession candidate involved in said success of said rule base search means.

7. An automatic composer for automatically composing a melody, comprising:

rhythm pattern database means for storing a database of rhythm patterns;

attribute setting means for setting a desired attribute of a note durational succession of a melody to be composed; and

melody rhythm composing means for retrieving, from said rhythm pattern database means, a rhythm pattern having said desired attribute to thereby compose said note durational succession.

8. The automatic composer of claim 7 wherein said attribute setting means comprises:

style setting means for setting a desired musical style; and

structure setting means for setting a desired musical structure; and

wherein said melody rhythm composing means comprises;

access means for accessing said rhythm pattern database means to retrieve a rhythm pattern;

attribute test means for testing said retrieved rhythm pattern to see whether said retrieved rhythm pattern complies with said desired musical style and said desired musical structure;

repeating means for repeating operation of said access means and said attribute test means while changing a rhythm pattern to be retrieved until said attribute test means finds a satisfactory rhythm pattern having passed said test; and

determining means for determining said note durational succession by said satisfactory rhythm pattern.

9. The automatic composer of claim 7 wherein rhythm pattern data stored in said rhythm pattern database stored in said rhythm pattern database means contains attribute information in addition to note on and off timing information.

10. An automatic composer for automatically composing a melody and a chord progression, comprising:

chord progression database means for storing a database of chord progressions;

attribute setting means for setting a desired attribute of a chord progression to be composed; and

chord progression composing means for retrieving, from said chord progression database means, a chord progression having said desired attribute to thereby compose a chord progression.

11. The automatic composer of claim 10 wherein said attribute setting means comprises:

style setting means for setting a desired musical style; and

structure setting means for setting a desired musical structure; and

wherein said chord progression composing means comprises;

access means for accessing to said chord progression database means to retrieve a chord progression;

attribute test means for testing said retrieved chord progression to see whether said retrieved chord progression complies with said desired musical style and said desired musical structure;

repeating means for repeating operation of said access means and said attribute test means while changing a chord pattern to be retrieved until said attribute test means finds a satisfactory chord progression having passed said test; and

determining means for determining said chord progression by said satisfactory chord progression.

12. The automatic composer of claim 10 wherein chord progression data stored in said chord progression database means contains attribute information in addition to information on a chord succession in which each chord is specified by a root and a type.

13. An automatic composer comprising:

musical material database means for storing a database of musical materials for music composition;

condition setting means for setting conditions of music composition;

retrieval means for retrieving a musical material from said musical material database means;

testing means for testing said retrieved musical material with respect to said set conditions of music composition;

repeating means for repeating operation of said retrieval means and said testing means while changing a music material to be retrieved until said testing means finds a music material complying with said set condition of music composition; and

composing means for composing said found music material as part of said music composition.