Method and a device for monitoring heart function

• US 5,454,838 A
• Filed: 07/26/1993
• Issued: 10/03/1995
• Est. Priority Date: 07/27/1992
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Sorin Biomedica SpA (Snia SpA)
• Original Assignee: Sorin Biomedica SpA (Snia SpA)
• Inventors: Garberoclio, Bruno, Vallana, Franco
• Primary Examiner(s): Cohen, Lee S.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Jastrzab, Jeffrey R.
• Application Number:
  US08/097,083
• Time in Patent Office: 799 Days
• Field of Search: 607/19, 607/20, 607/119, 607/120, 607/122, 607/6, 128/695, 128/696, 128/713, 128/774
• US Class Current: 607/19
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0031 Implanted circuitry
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/36514 controlled by a physiological quantity other than heart potential, e.g. blood pressure controlled by two or more physical parameters A61N1/36585

Abstract

Heart function is monitored by monitoring the momentum or velocity of the heart masses, preferably by means of a sensor implanted in the heart mass.

Claims

1. A device for monitoring heart function comprising:

sensor means for monitoring at least one of momentum and velocity of a heart mass, the sensor means being adapted for positioning in correspondence with a region of the heart mass which is exposed to a contractile movement of the heart;

means operably connected to the sensor means for generating a monitoring signal indicative of heart activity; and

means for eliminating from the monitoring signal a component of the signal which is inherent in the contractile movement of the heart mass.

2. A method for monitoring heart activity based upon the momentum or velocity of the heart mass comprising:

implanting a sensor within a patient'"'"'s body;

sensing at least one of acceleration, momentum and velocity of the heart mass;

generating a signal indicative of at least one of velocity and momentum of the heart mass; and

processing the signal to provide data indicative of heart activity.

3. The method of claim 2 further comprising transmitting the signal to a receiver located externally of the patient'"'"'s body.

4. The method of claim 2 wherein the step of processing comprises processing the signal to produce data indicative of at least one of opening of the mitral valve, closure of the mitral valve, opening of the aortic valve, closure of the aortic valve, an amount of ventricular ejection, rapid ventricular filling, delayed ventricular filling during atrial systole, and cardiac flow rate.

5. The method of claim 2 wherein the implanting step comprises implanting the sensor in a region of the heart mass of low contractile activity.

6. The method of claim 5 wherein the step of implanting comprises implanting the sensor in a region of the heart mass corresponding with the intraventricular septum.

7. The method of claim 5 wherein the implanting step comprises implanting the sensor in a region of heart mass corresponding with the atrioventricular septum.

8. The method of claim 2 wherein the implanting step comprises implanting the sensor in a region of the heart mass exposed to contractile movement.

9. The method of claim 8 further comprising eliminating from the signal components of the signal which are inherent in the contractile movement of the heart mass.

10. The method of claim 2 further including storing the data indicative of heart activity.

11. A method of providing therapy to a patient comprising:

implanting a sensor within the patient'"'"'s body;

sensing at least one of acceleration, momentum and velocity of the patient'"'"'s heart mass;

generating a signal indicative of at least one of velocity and momentum of the heart mass;

processing the signal to provide data indicative of heart activity; and

providing therapy to the patient based upon the patient'"'"'s heart activity.

12. The method of claim 11 further comprising transmitting the signal to a receiver located externally of the patient'"'"'s body.

13. The method of claim 11 wherein the processing step comprises processing the signal to provide data indicative of at least one of opening of the mitral valve, closure of the mitral valve, opening of the aortic valve, closure of the aortic valve, an amount of ventricular ejection, rapid ventricular filling, delayed ventricular filling during atrial systole, and cardiac flow rate.

14. The method of claim 11 wherein the step of implanting comprises implanting the sensor in a region of the heart mass with low contractile activity.

15. The method of claim 14 wherein the step of implanting comprises implanting the sensor in a region of the heart mass corresponding with the intraventricular septum.

16. The method of claim 14 wherein the implanting step comprises implanting the sensor in a region of the heart mass corresponding with the atrioventricular septum.

17. The method of claim 11 wherein the implanting step comprises implanting the sensor in a region of the heart mass which is exposed to contractile movement.

18. The method of claim 17 further comprising eliminating from the signal components of the signal which are inherent in the contractile activity of the heart mass.

19. The method of claim 11 wherein the step of providing therapy comprises providing electrical stimulation to the heart with a pacemaker.

20. The method of claim 11 wherein the step of providing therapy comprises providing electrical stimulation to the heart with a defibrillator.

21. The method of claim 11 wherein the step of providing therapy comprises providing a dosed release of a drug to the patient.

22. The method of claim 11 further comprising storing the data indicative of heart activity.

23. A device for monitoring a patient'"'"'s heart activity based upon the momentum or velocity of the patient'"'"'s heart mass comprising:

means for sensing at least one of acceleration, momentum, and velocity of the patient'"'"'s heart mass;

means operably coupled to the sensing means for generating a signal indicative of at least one of momentum and velocity of the heart mass;

means for transmitting the signal;

means for receiving the signal; and

means for processing the signal to provide an indication of heart activity.

24. The device of claim 23 wherein the means for sensing, generating and transmitting are sized to be implanted in the patient'"'"'s body.

25. The device of claim 23 wherein the processing means provides an indication of at least one of opening of the mitral valve, closure of the mitral valve, opening of the aortic valve, closure of the aortic valve, an amount of ventricular ejection, rapid ventricular filling, delayed ventricular filling during atrial systole, and cardiac flow rate.

26. The device of claim 23 wherein the sensing means is sized for implantation in a region of the heart mass with low contractile activity.

27. The device of claim 26 wherein the sensing means is sized for implantation in a region of the heart mass corresponding to the intraventricular septum.

28. The device of claim 26 wherein the sensing means is sized for implantation in a region of the heart mass corresponding to the atrioventricular septum.

29. The device of claim 23 wherein the sensing means is sized for implantation in a region of the heart mass which is exposed to contractile movement.

30. The device of claim 29 further including means for eliminating from the signal components of the signal which are inherent in the contractile activity of the heart mass.

31. A device for providing therapy to a patient comprising:

means for sensing at least one of acceleration, momentum and velocity of the patient'"'"'s heart mass;

means operably coupled to the sensing means for generating a signal indicative of at least one of momentum and velocity of the heart mass;

means for processing the signal to provide data indicative of heart activity; and

means for providing therapy to the patient based upon the patient'"'"'s heart activity.

32. The device of claim 31 further including means for transmitting the signal to a receiver located externally of the patient'"'"'s body.

33. The device of claim 31 wherein the means for sensing, generating, processing and providing are sized to be implanted within the patient'"'"'s body.

34. The device of claim 33 wherein the means for sensing, generating and processing are combined in one implantable unit.

35. The device of claim 31 further including means for transmitting the signal and means for receiving the signal.

36. The device of claim 35 wherein the transmitting means is sized to be implanted within the patient'"'"'s body and the receiving means is adapted to be located external of the patient'"'"'s body.

37. The device of claim 31 wherein the processing means provides data indicative of at least one of opening of the mitral valve, closure of the mitral valve, opening of the aortic valve, closure of the aortic valve, an amount of ventricular ejection, rapid ventricular filling, delayed ventricular filling during atrial systole, and cardiac flow rate.

38. The device of claim 31 wherein the sensing means is sized for implantation in a region of the heart mass with low contractile activity.

39. The device of claim 38 wherein the sensing means is sized for implantation in a region of the heart mass corresponding to the intraventricular septum.

40. The device of claim 38 wherein the sensing means is sized for implantation in a region of the heart mass corresponding to the atrioventricular septum.

41. The device of claim 31 wherein the sensing means is sized for implantation in a region of the heart mass which is exposed to contractile movement.

42. The device of claim 41 further including means for eliminating from the signal components of the signal which are inherent in the contractile activity of the heart mass.

43. The device of claim 31 wherein the means for providing therapy is a pacemaker.

44. The device of claim 31 wherein the means for providing therapy is a defibrillator.

45. The device of claim 31 wherein the means for providing therapy is a device for providing a dosed release of drug to the patient.

46. A system for monitoring a patient'"'"'s heart activity based upon the momentum or velocity of the patient'"'"'s heart mass comprising:

a sensor of at least one of acceleration, momentum, and velocity of the patient'"'"'s heart mass;

a signal generator coupled to the sensor to provide a signal indicative of at least one of momentum and velocity of the heart mass;

a transmitter connected to the signal generator and operative to transmit the signal;

a signal receiver for receiving the signal; and

a signal processor connected to receive the signal from the receiver.

47. The system of claim 46 wherein the signal processor provides an indication of at least one of opening of the mitral valve, closure of the mitral valve, opening of the aortic valve, closure of the aortic valve, an amount of ventricular ejection, rapid ventricular filling, delayed ventricular filling during atrial systole, and cardiac flow rate.

48. The system of claim 46 further including a filter to eliminate from the signal components of the signal which are inherent in the contractile activity of the heart mass.

49. A device for providing therapy to a patient comprising:

a sensor of at least one of acceleration, momentum and velocity of the patient'"'"'s heart mass;

a signal generator coupled to the sensor to provide a signal indicative of at least one of momentum and velocity of the heart mass;

a signal processor connected to receive the signal and provide an output indicative of heart activity; and

a therapy dispensing element responsive to the output of the signal processor to provide therapy to the patient.

50. The device of claim 49 further including a transmitter operative to transmit the signal to a receiver located externally of the patient'"'"'s body.

51. The device of claim 49 wherein the signal processor provides data indicative of at least one of opening of the mitral valve, closure of the mitral valve, opening of the aortic valve, closure of the aortic valve, an amount of ventricular ejection, rapid ventricular filling, delayed ventricular filling during atrial systole, and cardiac flow rate.

52. The device of claim 49 further including a filter to eliminate from the signal components of the signal which are inherent in the contractile activity of the heart mass.

53. The device of claim 49 wherein the therapy dispensing element is a pacemaker.

54. The device of claim 49 wherein the therapy dispensing element is a defibrillator.

55. The device of claim 49 wherein the therapy dispensing element is a device for providing a dosed release of drug to the patient.