Improved liquefied natural gas fueled combined cycle power plant

• US 5,457,951 A
• Filed: 02/14/1995
• Issued: 10/17/1995
• Est. Priority Date: 12/10/1993
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Suez LNG NA LLC
• Original Assignee: Cabot Corporation
• Inventors: Toombs, A. Edwin, Johnson, Paul C.
• Primary Examiner(s): Casaregola, Louis J.
• Application Number:
  US08/389,426
• Time in Patent Office: 245 Days
• Field of Search: 60/39.02, 60/39.182, 60/39.465, 60/728, 62/50.2, 62/50.3
• US Class Current: 60/780
• CPC Class Codes: F01K 23/10 with exhaust fluid of one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle F01K17/025 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2221/033 Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2223/0161 cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2223/033 Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2225/0123 gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2225/036 Very high pressure, i.e. above 80 bars
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2227/0316 Water heating
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2265/05 Regasification
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2265/07 Generating electrical power as side effect
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2270/0581 Power plants
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 9/04 Recovery of thermal energy
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 20/14 Combined heat and power generation [CHP]
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 20/16 Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]

Abstract

A process and system which improves the capacity and efficiency of a combined cycle power plant. A LNG supply system fuels the combined cycle plant. Gasified LNG in a combustor mixes with the air from the air compressor to provide the hot combustion gas for the gas turbine. The expanding LNG is used to chill a primary heat exchange fluid, e.g. water, which primary heat exchange fluid cools and densifies the intake air for the air compressor. Subsequently, the primary heat exchange fluid is used to condense the spent steam discharged from the steam turbine. The primary heat exchange fluid is then re-chilled and recycled to cool and densify the intake air.

Claims

1. A method for enhancing the capacity and the efficiency of a combined cycle plant which comprises:

regasifying LNG to convert to natural gas;

chilling a primary heat exchange fluid by placing said primary heat exchange fluid in heat exchange relationship with a secondary heat exchange fluid which secondary heat exchange fluid is cooled by the conversion of the LNG to the natural gas;

flowing the chilled primary heat exchange fluid through a heat exchange zone through which zone flows the intake air for an air compressor to cool and densify the intake air;

flowing subsequently the primary heat exchange fluid through a condenser to condense the spent steam from a high-pressure steam turbine; and

placing subsequently the primary heat exchange fluid in heat exchange relationship with the secondary heat exchange fluid.

2. The method of claim 1, which comprises:

compressing the cooled densified air in the air compressor;

mixing the regasified LNG with the compressed air in a combustor to form hot combustion gases;

delivering the hot combustion gases to a gas turbine to drive the turbine; and

discharging the exhaust gas from the turbine.

3. The method of claim 2, which comprises:

flowing the exhaust gas from the gas turbine to a waste-heat boiler;

flowing a liquid through the waste-heat boiler;

placing the exhaust gas in heat exchange relationship with the liquid to convert the liquid to high pressure steam; and

discharging the high pressure steam from the waste-heat boiler.

4. The method of claim 3, which comprises:

flowing the high pressure steam to the steam turbine;

discharging spent steam from the steam turbine;

condensing the spent steam to form condensed water with the primary heat exchange fluid;

chilling subsequently the primary heat exchange fluid by placing the primary heat exchange fluid in heat exchange relationship with the secondary fluid.

5. The method of claim 1 which comprises:

improving the capacity of the combined cycle plant in an amount of up to 9%.

6. The method of claims 1 or 5 which comprises:

enhancing the efficiency of the combined cycle plant up to about 2%.

7. A method for enhancing the capacity and efficiency of a combined cycle plant which combined cycle plant comprises a gas turbine plant, a waste-heat boiler, a steam turbine plant and a LNG supply system, the LNG supply system comprising a regasifier and a chiller in heat exchange relationship with one another which method comprises:

regasifying the LNG in the regasifier to convert the same to natural gas;

flowing a primary heat exchange fluid through the chiller;

flowing a secondary heat exchange fluid between the regasifier and the chiller both to control the gasification of the LNG and the chilling of the primary heat exchange fluid;

flowing the gasified LNG to a combustor in the gas turbine plant;

flowing the chilled primary heat exchange fluid through a heat exchange zone through which zone flows the intake air for an air compressor in the gas turbine plant, the primary heat exchange fluid cooling and densifying the intake air;

discharging the air from the air compressor and mixing the same with the gasified LNG in the combustor to generate hot combustion gases;

flowing the hot combustion gases to a turbine in the gas turbine plant to drive the same;

discharging hot exhaust gases from the turbine and flowing the same to the waste-heat boiler;

convening liquid flowing through the waste-heat boiler to steam and discharging said steam;

flowing the discharged stream to a steam turbine in the steam turbine plant to drive the same and to form spent steam;

flowing the spent steam through a condenser;

flowing the primary heat exchange fluid from the heat exchange zone upstream of the air compressor through the condenser to condense the spent steam; and

flowing the primary heat exchange fluid from the condenser to the chiller in the LNG supply system.

8. The method of claim 7 which comprises:

placing the primary heat exchange fluid in indirect heat exchange relationship with the intake air.

9. The method of claim 7 wherein the primary heat exchange fluid is water.

10. The method of claim 9 wherein-the temperature of the water entering the chiller is approximately 95°

F. and the temperature of the water exiting the chiller is about 35°

F.

11. The method of claim 7 wherein the secondary heat exchange fluid is a water/glycol mixture.

12. The method of claim 11 wherein the water/glycol mixture enters the regasifier at about 70°

F. and exits the gasifier at about 10°

F.

13. The method of claim 11 wherein the temperature of the water/glycol entering the regasifier is about 70°

F., the water/glycol mixture exiting the regasifier is about 10°

F. and the natural gas exiting the regasifier is about 45°

F.

14. The method of claim 7 which comprises:

improving the capacity of the combined cycle plant in an amount of up to 9%.

15. The method of claim 7 which comprises:

enhancing the efficiency of the combined cycle plant up to about 2%.

16. A LNG combined cycle plant system which comprises:

a LNG fuel supply system which system includes;

a source of LNG;

a regasifier for the LNG in fluid flow communication with source of LNG;

a chiller in heat exchange relationship with the regasifier;

means to flow a secondary heat exchange fluid between the regasifier and

the chiller to chill a primary heat exchange fluid;

a gas turbine plant which comprises;

an air compressor;

an air intake duct upstream of said air compressor;

a second heat exchanger disposed in heat exchange relationship with the air intake system;

means to flow the primary heat exchange fluid through the heat exchanger to cool and densify the intake air flowing through the air duct and into the compressor;

a gas turbine;

a combuster interposed between the air compressor and the gas turbine, the combuster providing the energy to drive the gas turbine;

a generator coupled to the gas turbine; and

means to exhaust the gas from the gas turbine;

a waste-heat boiler downstream of the gas turbine which comprises;

means to introduce the exhaust gas from the gas turbine into the waste-gas boiler;

means to create high pressure steam and

means to discharge the high pressure steam from the waste-heat boiler;

a steam turbine plant which comprises;

a steam turbine downstream of and adapted to receive the high pressure steam from the waste-heat boiler;

a generator coupled to and driven by the steam turbine;

a condenser to condense the spent steam discharged from the steam turbine the primary heat exchange fluid flowing through the condenser;

means to recycle the condensate to the waste-heat boiler; and

means to flow the primary heat exchange fluid from the condenser to the chiller.

17. The system of claim 16 which includes:

means to place the primary heat exchange fluid in indirect heat transfer relationship with the intake air.