Method and apparatus for controlled contraction of soft tissue

• US 5,458,596 A
• Filed: 05/06/1994
• Issued: 10/17/1995
• Est. Priority Date: 05/06/1994
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Oratec Interventions Incorporated
• Original Assignee: Dorsal Orthopedic Corporation
• Inventors: Edwards, Stuart D., Lax, Ronald G., Fanton, Gary S.
• Primary Examiner(s): Aschenbrenner, Peter A.
• Application Number:
  US08/238,862
• Time in Patent Office: 529 Days
• Field of Search: 606/31, 606/41, 606/49, 606/33, 607/105, 607/100, 607/101, 607/102, 607/103, 607/109, 607/113, 607/116, 607/122
• US Class Current: 606/31
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 18/148 having a short, rigid shaft for accessing the inner body transcutaneously, e.g. for neurosurgery or arthroscopy
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00023 closed, i.e. without wound contact by the fluid
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00083 low, i.e. electrically insulating
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00452 Skin
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00702 Power or energy
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00791 Temperature
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/143 multiple needles
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/1472 for use with liquid electrolyte, e.g. virtual electrodes
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/1497 Electrodes covering only part of the probe circumference
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/1861 with an instrument inserted into a body lumen or cavity, e.g. a catheter
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/40 Applying electric fields by inductive or capacitive coupling microwave apparatus A61N5/00; Applying radio-frequency signals

Abstract

An apparatus and method are provided for control contraction of tissue that includes collagen fibers. The apparatus includes a handpiece, and an electrode with an electrode proximal end associated with the handpiece. A distal end of the electrode has a geometry that delivers a controlled amount of energy to the tissue for a desired contraction of the collagen fibers. This is achieved while dissociation and breakdown of the collagen fibers is minimized. The handpiece, with electrode, is adapted to be introduced through an operating cannula in percutaneous applications. Additionally, an operating cannula may be included in the apparatus and be attached to the handpiece. The apparatus and method provides for a desired level of contraction of collagen soft tissue without dissociation or breakdown of collagen fibers.

Claims

1. An orthopedic apparatus for delivering RF energy to ligaments, joint capsules and connective tissue to effect the controlled contraction of collagen fibers, the apparatus comprising:

an orthopedic electrode including an electrode proximal end and an electrode distal end, the distal end including an energy delivering distal electrode portion comprising a tip having a generally planar surface with the periphery of the planer surface curving into a depending wall with radiused edges for delivering substantially uniform energy across the surface of the energy delivering distal electrode portion to an area of collagen fibers adjacent to the electrode to cause a controlled amount of contraction of the collagen fibers while minimizing dissociation and breakdown of the collagen fibers and minimizing ablation of tissue neighboring the collagen fibers;

a handpiece connected to the electrode proximal end for enabling the energy delivering portion of the electrode to be moved relative to the collagen fibers to be contracted during the application of thermal energy;

an RF energy source; and

a cable to connect the RF energy source to the handle and the electrode.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the energy delivering distal electrode portion has substantially no square edges.

3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the electrode distal end has a substantially disc shaped geometry.

4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the electrode has a central lumen for receiving an electrolytic solution from an electrolytic solution source, and delivering the electrolytic solution to the collagen fibers through a plurality of apertures formed in the electrode distal end, the electrolytic solution serving to provide a substantially uniform distribution of thermal energy from the electrode to the collagen fibers.

5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the electrode has a central lumen for receiving an electrolytic gel from an electrolytic gel source, and delivering the electrolytic gel to the collagen fibers through a plurality of apertures formed in the electrode distal end, the electrolytic gel serving to provide a substantially uniform distribution of thermal energy from the electrode to the collagen fibers.

6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the energy delivering distal electrode portion has an oval cross sectional geometry.

7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the electrode distal end has an oval cross sectional geometry.

8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the energy delivering distal electrode portion delivers RF energy to the the area of collagen fibers.

10. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the energy delivering distal electrode portion has substantially no square edges.

11. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the electrode distal end has a substantially disc shaped geometry.

12. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the electrode has a central lumen for receiving an electrolytic gel from an electrolytic gel source, and delivering the electrolytic gel to the collagen fibers through a plurality of apertures formed in the electrode distal end, the electrolytic gel serving to provide a substantially uniform distribution of thermal energy from the electrode to the collagen fibers.

13. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the energy delivering distal electrode portion has an oval cross sectional geometry.

14. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the electrode distal end has an oval cross sectional geometry.

15. The apparatus of claim 4 wherein the electrode distal end further includes a second electrode distal end portion and an insulation layer covering the second portion of the electrode distal end, the insulating layer preventing the second portion of the electrode distal end from delivering energy to the tissue.

16. The apparatus of claim 15 wherein the plurality of apertures formed in the electrode distal end are positioned at the energy delivering distal electrode portion of the electrode distal end.

17. The apparatus of claim 5 wherein the electrode distal end further includes a second electrode distal end portion and an insulation layer covering the second portion of the electrode distal end, the insulating layer preventing the second portion of the electrode distal end from delivering energy.

18. The apparatus of claim 17 wherein the plurality of apertures formed in the electrode distal end are positioned at the energy delivering distal electrode portion of the electrode distal end.

19. The apparatus of claim 12 wherein the electrode distal end further includes a second electrode distal end portion and an insulation layer covering the second portion of the electrode distal end, the insulating layer preventing the second portion of the electrode distal end from delivering energy.

20. The apparatus of claim 19 wherein the plurality of apertures formed in the electrode distal end are positioned at the energy delivering distal electrode portion of the electrode distal end.

21. The apparatus of claim 12 wherein the electrode distal end further includes a second electrode distal end portion and an insulation layer covering the second portion of the electrode distal end, the insulating layer preventing the second portion of the electrode distal end from delivering energy.

22. The apparatus of claim 21 wherein the plurality of apertures formed in the electrode distal end are positioned at the energy delivering distal electrode portion of the electrode distal end.

9. An orthopedic apparatus for delivering RF energy to ligaments, joint capsules and connective tissue to effect the controlled contraction of collagen fibers, the apparatus comprising:

an orthopedic electrode including an electrode proximal end and an electrode distal end, the distal end including an energy delivering distal electrode portion, comprising a tip having a generally planar central surface with the periphery of the planer surface curving into a depending wall with radiused edges for delivering substantially uniform energy across the surface of the energy delivering distal electrode portion to an area of collagen fibers adjacent to the electrode to cause a controlled amount of contraction of the collagen fibers while minimizing dissociation and breakdown of the collagen fibers and minimizing ablation of tissue neighboring the collagen fibers; and

a handpiece connected to the electrode proximal end carrying a connector to couple the electrode to a RF source for enabling the energy delivering portion of the electrode to be moved relative to the collagen fibers to be contracted during the application of thermal energy.