Temporary living skin replacement

• US 5,460,939 A
• Filed: 02/18/1994
• Issued: 10/24/1995
• Est. Priority Date: 04/18/1986
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Shire Regenerative Medicine, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Advanced Tissue Sciences, Inc.
• Inventors: Naughton, Gail K., Hansbrough, John F.
• Primary Examiner(s): Wityshyn, Michael G.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Williams, Jane
• Application Number:
  US08/200,140
• Time in Patent Office: 613 Days
• Field of Search: 435/1, 435/2, 435/240.1, 435/240.2, 435/240.23, 435/240.21, 424/93 R, 424/95, 424/529, 424/530, 424/534, 424/572, 424/574, 424/93 B, 424/93 U
• US Class Current: 435/1.1
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2010/0258 Marrow samples
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 90/00 Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges protective face masks A41D13/11; surgeon's or patient's gowns or dresses A41D13/12; devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body liquids A61M1/00
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 2035/124 the cells being hematopoietic, bone marrow derived or blood cells
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 35/12 Materials from mammals; Compositions comprising non-specified tissues or cells; Compositions comprising non-embryonic stem cells; Genetically modified cells vaccines or medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies A61K39/00
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 35/28 Bone marrow; Haematopoietic stem cells; Mesenchymal stem cells of any origin, e.g. adipose-derived stem cells
• CPC Class Codes: A61L 27/3604 characterised by the human or animal origin of the biological material, e.g. hair, fascia, fish scales, silk, shellac, pericardium, pleura, renal tissue, amniotic membrane, parenchymal tissue, fetal tissue, muscle tissue, fat tissue, enamel
• CPC Class Codes: A61L 27/38 containing added animal cells organs or tissue containing native cells A61L27/36
• CPC Class Codes: A61L 27/60 Materials for use in artificial skin
• CPC Class Codes: C12N 2500/34 Sugars
• CPC Class Codes: C12N 2501/11 Epidermal growth factor [EGF]
• CPC Class Codes: C12N 2501/33 Insulin
• CPC Class Codes: C12N 2501/335 Glucagon; Glucagon-like peptide [GLP]; Exendin
• CPC Class Codes: C12N 2501/39 Steroid hormones
• CPC Class Codes: C12N 2502/08 cells of the nervous system
• CPC Class Codes: C12N 2502/094 keratinocytes
• CPC Class Codes: C12N 2502/11 blood or immune system cells
• CPC Class Codes: C12N 2502/1323 Adult fibroblasts
• CPC Class Codes: C12N 2503/04 Screening or testing on artificial tissues
• CPC Class Codes: C12N 2510/00 Genetically modified cells
• CPC Class Codes: C12N 2533/30 Synthetic polymers
• CPC Class Codes: C12N 2533/40 : Polyhydroxyacids, e.g. polymers of glycolic or lactic acid (PGA, PLA, PLGA); Bioresorbable polymers
• CPC Class Codes: C12N 2533/70 : Polysaccharides
• CPC Class Codes: C12N 5/0698 : Skin equivalents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a living skin replacement. In particular, it relates to a biosynthetic dressing material composed of a living stromal tissue prepared from stromal cells such as fibroblasts cultured upon a three-dimensional framework and a transitional covering which acts as an epidermal replacement. Such a living skin replacement provides long-term biologic coverage of full-thickness wound defects. Since human fibroblasts are known to be relatively non-antigenic when transferred to allogeneic hosts, a temporary living skin replacement made up of such cells attached to a transitional covering may replace the use of cadaveric skin allografts for achieving temporary wound closure in cases where the patients lack enough healthy skin for autografts.

Claims

1. A temporary living skin replacement comprising a living stormal tissue substantially enveloping a framework which is prepared in vitro and a transitional covering bonded to the living stromal tissue, which stromal tissue comprises stromal cells and connective tissue proteins naturally secreted by the stromal cells and which framework is composed of a biocompatible, non-living material formed into a three dimensional structure having interstitial spaces bridged by said stromal cells.

2. The temporary living skin replacement of claim 1 in which the stromal cells are fibroblasts.

3. The temporary living skin replacement of claim 1 in which the stromal cells are a combination of fibroblasts, endothelial cells, pericytes, macrophages, monocytes, leukocytes, plasma cells, mast cells and adipocytes.

4. The temporary living skin replacement of claim 1 in which the framework is composed of a biodegradable material.

5. The temporary living skin replacement of claim 4 in which the biodegradable material is polyglactic acid, chitin, chitosan, cotton, polyglycolic acid, cat gut structures, cellulose, gelatin or dextran.

6. The temporary living skin replacement of claim 1 in which the framework is composed of a non-biodegradable material.

7. The temporary living skin replacement of claim 6 in which the non-biodegradable material is a polyamide, a polyester, a polystyrene, a polypropylene, a polyacrylate, a polyvinyl, a polycarbonate, a polytetrafluorethylene or nitrocellulose compound.

8. The temporary living skin replacement of claim 4, 5, 6 or 7 in which the framework is pre-coated with collagen.

9. The temporary living skin replacement of claim 8 in which the framework is a mesh.

10. The temporary living skin replacement of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7 in which the framework is a mesh.

11. The temporary living skin replacement of claim 1 in which the transitional covering is made of silicone.

12. The temporary living skin replacement of claim 1 in which the transitional covering is made of polyurethane.