Waterborne core-shell latex polymers

• US 5,461,125 A
• Filed: 04/30/1993
• Issued: 10/24/1995
• Est. Priority Date: 04/30/1993
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: 3M Company
• Original Assignee: 3M Company
• Inventors: Stanich, Gregory J., Bunker, James E., Tseng, Chi-Ming, Lu, Ying-Yuh, Cooprider, Terrence E., Most, Ronald W.
• Primary Examiner(s): Cain, Edward
• Application Number:
  US08/056,380
• Time in Patent Office: 907 Days
• Field of Search: 523/201, 525/902, 525/293, 525/296, 525/279, 525/281, 525/282, 525/283, 525/295, 525/309
• US Class Current: 525/293
• CPC Class Codes: C08F 2/22 Emulsion polymerisation
• CPC Class Codes: C08F 226/00 Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a single or double bond to nitrogen or by a heterocyclic ring containing nitrogen
• CPC Class Codes: C08F 265/04 on to polymers of esters
• CPC Class Codes: C08F 265/06 Polymerisation of acrylate or methacrylate esters on to polymers thereof
• CPC Class Codes: C09D 151/003 grafted on to macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds C09D151/04, C09D151/06 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 525/902 Core-shell

Abstract

The present invention provides:

A core-shell insert latex composition comprising latex particles, each latex particle comprising:

(a) a core comprising a (co)polymer comprising (meth)acrylate ester;

(b) a shell, surrounding the core, comprising a copolymer, wherein the copolymer comprises:

(i) a nitrogen-bearing ethylenically-unsaturated free-radically polymerizable monomer;

(ii) at least one (meth)acrylate ester of about a C₁ to about a C₁₄ alcohol; and

(iii) an optional ethylenically-unsaturated free-radically polymerizable silane monomer; wherein the nitrogen-bearing ethylenically-unsaturated free-radically polymerizable monomer comprises from about 15 to about 60 percent by weight of the shell and further wherein the core comprises from about 40 to about 85 percent of the weight of the total core-shell latex particle.

The invention also relates to the use of the core-shell latex composition as a binder or primer for coatings and adhesives.

Claims

1. A core-shell latex composition comprising latex particles, each latex particle comprising:

(a) a core comprising a (co)polymer comprising (meth) acrylate ester wherein the (co)polymer has a glass transition temperature of about -50°

C. to about 105°

C.;

(b) a shell, surrounding the core, comprising a copolymer, wherein the copolymer consists essentially of;

(i) a nitrogen-bearing ethylenically-unsaturated free-radically polymerizable monomer;

(ii) at least one (meth)acrylate ester of about a C₁ to about a C₁₄ alcohol; and

(iii) an optional ethylenically-unsaturated free-radically polymerizable silane monomer;

wherein the nitrogen-bearing ethylenically-unsaturated free-radically polymerizable monomer comprises from about 15 to about 60 percent by weight of the shell and further wherein the core comprises from about 40 to about 85 percent or the weight of the total core-shell latex particles;

wherein each latex particle has only one shell.

2. The core-shell latex composition of claim 1 wherein the core comprises a (co)polymer of monomer selected from the group consisting of methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, isooctyl acrylate, isobornyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, and mixtures thereof.

3. The core-shell latex composition of claim 1 wherein the nitrogen-bearing ethylenically-unsaturated free-radically polymerizable monomers of the shell are selected from the group consisting of dimethylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate, diethylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate, dimethylaminopropyl (meth)acrylate, 3-dimethylamino-2,2-dimethylpropyl-1 (meth)acrylate, 2-N-morpholinoethyl (meth)acrylate, 2-N-piperodinoethyl (meth)acrylate, t-butyl acrylamide, n-octyl acrylamide, N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) (meth)acrylamide, N-(3-dimethylamino-2,2-dimethylpropyl) (meth)acrylamide, N-dimethylaminomethyl (meth)acrylamide, N-dimethylaminoethyl (meth)acrylamide, N-(4-morpholinomethyl) (meth)acrylamide, N,N-dimethyl (meth)acrylamide, N,N-diethyl (meth)acrylamide, N-acryloxyethyl pyrrolidone, and N-vinyl pyrrolidone, N-vinyl caprolactam, and mixtures thereof.

4. The core-shell latex composition of claim 3 wherein the nitrogen-bearing ethylenically-unsaturated free-radically polymerizable monomer is selected from the group consisting of N-vinyl pyrrolidone, N-vinyl caprolactam, dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, and N,N-dimethyl acrylamide.

5. The core-shell latex composition of claim 1 wherein the (meth)acrylate ester of the shell is selected from the group consisting of methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, and mixtures thereof.

6. The core-shell latex composition of claim 1 wherein the ethylenically-unsaturated free-radically copolymerizable silane monomer is selected from the group consisting of trialkoxysilylalkyl (meth)acrylates, vinyl trialkoxy silanes, vinyl triacyloxy silanes, and mixtures thereof.

7. The core-shell latex composition of claim 6 wherein the copolymerizable silane monomer is selected from the group consisting of gamma-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxysilane, vinyl triethoxy silane, vinyl triacetoxy silane, and mixtures thereof.

8. The core-shell latex composition of claim 1 wherein the (co)polymer of the core, the copolymer of the shell, or both, independently further comprises a copolymerizable ethylenically-unsaturated free-radically polymerizable vinyl comonomer.

9. The core-shell latex composition of claim 8 wherein the vinyl comonomer is selected from the group consisting of styrene, vinyl esters of from about C₁ to about C₁₀ linear aliphatic organic acids, vinyl esters of from about C₁ to about C₁₀ branched aliphatic organic acids, and mixtures thereof.

10. The core-shell latex composition of claim 9 wherein the vinyl comonomer is selected from the group consisting of styrene, vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate, vinyl neopentanoate, and mixtures thereof.

11. The core-shell latex composition of claim 1 which further comprises a non-copolymerizable silane coupling agent and a coalescing agent.

12. The core-shell latex composition of claim 11 in which the non-copolymerizable silane coupling agent is selected from the group consisting of glycidyloxyalkyl trimethoxysilanes, (aminoalkylamino)alkyl trimethoxysilanes, aminoalkyl triethoxysilanes, and mixtures thereof.

13. The core-shell latex composition of claim 11 in which the coalescing agent is selected from the group consisting of N-methyl pyrrolidone, polyether alcohols, poly(ethylene glycol) alkyl ethers, and mixtures thereof.

14. An adhesive formulation comprising the core-shell latex composition of claim 1.

15. A substrate coated on at least one side with the adhesive formulation of claim 14.

16. A substrate coated on at least one side with a coating comprising the core-shell latex composition of claim 1.

17. The substrate of claim 16 further comprising a functionalized copolymer having at least one electronegative group coated over said core-shell latex composition.