Weatherized curb-side charger

• US 5,461,299 A
• Filed: 01/06/1994
• Issued: 10/24/1995
• Est. Priority Date: 01/22/1992
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: GM Global Technology Operations LLC (General Motors Company)
• Original Assignee: Hughes Aircraft Company (Rtx Corporation)
• Inventors: Bruni, Michael F.
• Primary Examiner(s): Kincaid, Kristine L.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Ponomarenko, Nicholas
• Application Number:
  US08/179,833
• Time in Patent Office: 656 Days
• Field of Search: 320/2, 320/21, 320/7
• US Class Current: 320/108
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 1/003 to auxiliary motors, e.g. for pumps, compressors
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2210/30 AC to DC converters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/36 Temperature of vehicle components or parts
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/12 Inductive energy transfer
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/18 Cables specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/305 Communication interfaces
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/31 Charging columns specially adapted for electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/34 Plug-like or socket-like devices specially adapted for contactless inductive charging of electric vehicles positioning means for charging devices using inductive energy transfer B60L53/38
• CPC Class Codes: H01F 38/14 Inductive couplings for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling H02J50/10
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/10 using inductive coupling
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0042 characterised by the mechanical construction
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/72 Electric energy management in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/12 Electric charging stations
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/14 Plug-in electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/16 Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles

Abstract

A weatherized curb-side battery charging system that provides a mechanism for transferring electrical power to an electric vehicle to recharge its battery. The battery charging system includes a housing that is typically located at the side of a street on the curb, or at a battery charging station, for example. A retractable charging device is coupled to a power supply and mates with a receptacle device disposed in the vehicle. A variety of charging devices that may be employed in the battery charging system are disclosed. Electronic circuitry controls power supplied to the vehicle from the power supply of the charging system. In addition, an interface circuit is provided that allows a user to enter a code to use the system and that provides an identification for billing purposes, or a credit card type key that activates the system and performs the same functions. A fan is provided for cooling purposes that causes an air flow through the system. The curb-side charging system thus permits an operator of an electric vehicle to charge its battery in a convenient manner. The battery charging system allows an electric vehicle to be charged safely without any type of conventional electrical plug. The battery charging system provides a safe, convenient and weatherproof mechanism for coupling power from a voltage source to an electric vehicle to recharge its battery.

Claims

1. A battery charging system for use in charging a battery of an electric vehicle, said battery charging system comprising:

a housing;

a power supply disposed within the housing;

electronic circuitry disposed within the housing that is adapted to control the amount of power supplied to the battery of the vehicle;

a retractable battery charging device disposed in the housing that is coupled to the power supply by way of the electronic circuitry and that has a primary coil assembly that can be mated with a secondary coil assembly disposed in the electric vehicle; and

control electronics disposed in the housing that are coupled to the electronic circuitry and that are adapted to control the operation of the battery charging system in response to user provided inputs.

2. The battery charging system of claim 1 which further comprises a fan coupled to the electronic circuitry for forcing air through the system to remove heat therefrom.

3. The battery charging system of claim 1 wherein the control electronics comprises a card reader adapted to read a credit card type key inserted in order to operate the system.

4. The battery charging system of claim 1 wherein the retractable battery charging device comprises an inductive charger comprising:

said primary coil assembly additionally comprising a housing, a primary core disposed in the housing, a doughnut-shaped primary winding disposed in the primary core, and an electrical cable coupled to the primary winding that is adapted to couple power thereto from an external power source; and

said coil assembly additionally comprising a receptacle housing that is matable with the removable primary coil assembly, a secondary core disposed in the receptacle housing, a doughnut-shaped secondary winding disposed in the secondary core that can be coupled to a battery; and

retaining means for securably holding the primary coil assembly in close proximity to the secondary coil assembly so that the primary and secondary windings are adjacent to each other,

wherein the primary and secondary coil assemblies form a transformer when the respective primary and secondary windings and primary and secondary coil assemblies are mated.

5. The battery charging system of claim 4 wherein the primary and secondary cores are comprised of ferrite material.

6. The inductive charger of claim 4 wherein the primary and secondary windings are comprised of copper.

7. The battery charging system of claim 1 wherein the retractable battery charging device comprises an inductive charger comprising:

said primary coil additionally comprising a housing having a handle, a primary winding having an opening therein that is disposed in the housing, and an electrical cable coupled to the primary winding that is adapted to couple power thereto from an external power source; and

said coil additionally comprising first and second matable magnetic core sections, each core section having a secondary winding disposed therein can be coupled to a battery, the first and second matable magnetic core sections being separable to provide for open and closed positions, and wherein the primary coil is insertable between the respective first and second matable magnetic core sections when they are in the open position, and wherein the primary and secondary coils form a transformer when the first and second matable magnetic core sections are in the closed position.

8. The battery charging system of claim 7 which further comprises:

insulating material encapsulating each of the primary and secondary windings.

9. The battery charging system of claim 7 wherein the insulating material comprises nylon.

10. The battery charging system of claim 7 wherein the coils are comprised of copper.

11. The battery charging system of claim 10 wherein the coils are wound in a relatively flat helix shape.

12. The battery charging system of claim 7 wherein the first and second matable magnetic core sections comprise ferrite material.

13. The battery charging system of claim 7 which further comprises:

opening means for opening and closing the secondary core halves of the coupler.

14. The battery charging system of claim 13 wherein the opening means comprises:

a moveable member attached to the upper core section;

means for moving the moveable member up and down relative to the lower core section so as to alternatively mate and separate the upper core section from the lower core section; and

tensioning means coupled to the moveable member for keeping the upper and lower core sections together when they are mated.

15. The battery charging system of claim 1 wherein the retractable battery charging device comprises an inductive charger comprising:

said primary coil assembly additionally comprising a housing, a primary core disposed in the housing, a primary winding protruding from the primary core, and an electrical cable coupled to the primary winding that is adapted to couple power thereto from an external power source; and

said coil assembly additionally comprising a receptacle housing that is matable with the removable primary coil assembly, a secondary core disposed in the receptacle housing, first and second concentric secondary windings disposed in the secondary core that can be coupled to a battery and wherein the first and second concentric secondary windings have a gap therebetween that is adapted to receive the primary winding therein;

wherein the primary and secondary coil assemblies form a transformer when the primary and secondary windings and primary and secondary coil assemblies are mated.

16. The battery charging system of claim 15 wherein the primary and secondary cores are comprised of ferrite material.

17. The battery charging system of claim 15 wherein the primary and secondary windings are comprised of copper.