Electronic document processing system and method of forming digital signature

• US 5,465,299 A
• Filed: 11/29/1993
• Issued: 11/07/1995
• Est. Priority Date: 12/03/1992
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Hitachi Chubu Software Limited (Hitachi, Ltd.), Hitachi, Ltd.
• Original Assignee: Hitachi Chubu Software Limited (Hitachi, Ltd.), Hitachi, Ltd.
• Inventors: Matsumoto, Hiroshi, Takaragi, Kazuo, Maezawa, Hiroyuki, Susaki, Seiichi, Koizumi, Shinobu
• Primary Examiner(s): Cain, David C.
• Application Number:
  US08/158,618
• Time in Patent Office: 708 Days
• Field of Search: 380/30, 380/28, 380/23, 380/49, 380/4
• US Class Current: 713/176
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 50/188 Electronic negotiation
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 2209/60 Digital content management, e.g. content distribution
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 9/3236 using cryptographic hash functions
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 9/3247 involving digital signatures

Abstract

In a terminal which received an electronic document with at leastone digital signature, when a user changes the contents of the received electronic document, a new digital signature is produced by enciphering signature data by using a secret key of the user, the signature data including a hash total of the document of a new version, personal information of the user (signatory), and version management information necessary to restore an electronic document of a former version from the electronic document of the new version. The new digital signature and the new version electronic document version are transmitted together with the received digital signature to a next person on a document circulating route.

Claims

1. A method of forming a digital signature to be added to an electronic document, comprising the steps of:

generating a former version electronic document;

performing a hash total process to said former version electronic document to generate a former version hash total;

performing an encipher process with at least said former version hash total and personal information of a signatory to generate a first digital signature;

adding the first digital signature to the former version electronic document;

changing the former version electronic document of a former version to which at least said first digital signature has already been added to generate a new version electronic document;

creating version management information which describes the change between the former version and new version electronic documents;

performing a hash total process to said new version electronic document to generate a new version hash total;

performing an encipher process with at least said new version hash total, personal information of another signatory, and said version management information to generate a new digital signature; and

altering at least a part of said first digital signature to correspond to said new version electronic document.

2. A method according to claim 1, wherein said encipher process is executed using a secret key allocated to said signatory in a public-key cryptosystem.

3. A method according to claim 1, wherein said electronic document of the former version has a plurality of partial regions which have previously been defined to accommodate additionally write data;

the electronic document of the new version is formed by newly adding the document data into one of said plurality of partial regions in the electronic document of the former version; and

said version management information comprises information to specify one of the partial regions into which the document data was newly added.

4. A method according to claim 3, wherein said hash total of the document data comprises:

a first hash total obtained by performing the hash total process to the document data included in said plurality of partial regions in said electronic document of the new version; and

a second hash total obtained by executing the hash total process to the document data included in the other regions in the electronic document of the new version.

5. A method according to claim 1, wherein said electronic document of the new version is formed by inserting new document data into or deleting a part of existing document data from at least one of the partial regions in the electronic document of the former version;

and

said version management information comprises the positions of the partial regions and information to specify the document data deleted from the electronic document of the former version and the new document data inserted.

14. A method according to claim 1, wherein a public key corresponding to the signatory in a public-key cryptosystem is used in the decipher process of the signature data executed in said step (b).

6. A method of forming a digital signature to be added to an electronic document, comprising the steps of:

changing a former version electronic document to which at least a first digital signature has already been affixed to form a new version electronic document;

creating version management information which describes how to restore the former version electronic document from the new version electronic document;

performing a hash total process to the new version electronic document to form a first hash total;

executing a hash total process to said version management information to form a second hash total;

performing an encipher process to signature data including said first and second hash totals and personal information of a signatory to form a new digital signature; and

relating said version management information, said first digital signature, and said new digital signature to said new version electronic document.

7. A method according to claim 6, wherein said encipher process of the signature data is executed by using a secret key allocated to the signatory in a public-key cryptosystem.

8. A method according to claim 6, wherein said new version electronic document is formed by one of (1) inserting new document data into or (2) deleting existing document data from at least one of a plurality of partial regions in the new version electronic document;

and

said version management information comprises positions of the partial regions and information to specify (1) the document data deleted from the former version electronic document and (2) the new document data inserted into the former version electronic document.

9. A method according to claim 8, wherein a table comprising a plurality of records is related with the electronic document of the new version;

and

each of said records stores an identifier of one of said signatories, and at least one of said version management information and said digital signatures.

10. A method of authenticating an electronic document, in which a message is received, which message includes a current version electronic document and a plurality of digital signatures added to said current version electronic document in accordance with a predetermined order, and at least one of said digital signatures having been obtained by encrypting signature data including personal information of a signatory, a hash total obtained by performing a hash total process to a former version of the electronic document corresponding to said at least one digital signature, and version management information necessary for restoring the current version electronic document to the former version electronic document corresponding to the at least one digital signature, comprising the steps of:

(a) setting the current version electronic document included in said received message to a check target document and executing a predetermined hash total process to said check target document to form a check hash total;

(b) sequentially selecting the at least one digital signature as a check target from among the digital signatures included in said received message in accordance with the order from a most recent digital signature and deciphering said check target digital signature by using a decipher key corresponding to the signatory of the at least one digital signature to generate check signature data including a deciphered signature hash total;

(c) checking whether the deciphered signature hash total coincides with the check hash total; and

(d) when said deciphered signature data includes the version management information, restoring the former version electronic document from the version management information and the check target document, setting the former electronic document and a next digital signature into a new check target document and a new check target digital signature, respectively, and repeating said steps (a) to (c), and when the deciphered signature data do not include the version management information, setting the next digital signature into a check target digital signature, and repeating said steps (b) and (c).

11. A method according to claim 10, wherein a public key corresponding to the signatory in a public-key cryptosystem is used in the decipher process of the signature data executed in said step (b).

12. A method according to claim 10, wherein the restore process of the electronic document of the former version executed in step (d) is performed by deleting the document information in the partial region which is specified by said version management information from the check target document.

13. A method of authenticating an electronic document, wherein a message is received, which message includes a current version electronic document, a plurality of digital signatures added to said electronic document in a designated order, and version management information which defines how to restore from the current version electronic document each of at least one former version electronic document, and at least one of said plurality of digital signatures having been obtained by enciphering signature data including personal information of a signatory, a first hash total obtained by performing a hash total process to a one of the former version electronic documents to which said digital signature was initially added, and a second hash total obtained by executing a hash total process to the version management information which defines how to restore the current version electronic document to said one of the former version electronic documents, the method comprising the steps of:

(a) setting the current electronic document to a check target document and performing a predetermined hash total process to said check target document to form a check target hash total;

(b) sequentially selecting each digital signature from among the plurality of digital signatures included in said received message in accordance with the designated order and deciphering the signature data from the check target digital signature by using a decipher key corresponding to the signatory of the each digital signature as its check target;

(c) checking whether the first hash total extracted from said deciphered signature data coincides with the check target hash total;

(d) when the deciphered signature data includes the second hash total, sequentially selecting the version management information included in the received message as a check target management information in accordance with the designated order from the latest version management information, performing a predetermined hash total process to the check target management information, and checking whether the has total obtained by performing a predetermined has process to the check target management information coincides with the second hash total or not; and

(e) when the deciphered signature data includes the second hash total, restoring one of the former version electronic documents from the version management information as said check target and the check target document, setting the electronic document of the former version and the next digital signature into a new check target document and a new check target digital signature, respectively, and repeating said steps (a) to (d), and when the deciphered signature data does not include the version management information, setting a next digital signature into a check target digital signature, and repeating the steps (b) to (d).

15. A processing system of an electronic document connected to a network, comprising:

means for receiving a communication message including at least one prior digital signature and a former version electronic document from said network;

checking means for checking the relation between the former version electronic document received from the network and the digital signature added thereto;

means for changing a part of the former version electronic document in accordance with an inputting operation from a user to form a new version electronic document;

means for forming a new digital signature having a predetermined relation with the new version electronic document;

means for transmitting a communication message including the new version electronic document, the prior digital signature, and the new digital signature to the network,

said new digital signature forming means including;

a means for performing an encipher process to signature data by a secret key of the user, in which said signature data comprises a document hash total received from a hash total means which executes a hash total process to the new version electronic document, personal information of the user, and version management information which defines how to restore the former version electronic document from the new version electronic document.

16. A system according to claim 15, wherein said checking means comprises:

first means for setting the electronic document included in said received message to a check target document and performing a predetermined hash total process to said check target document, thereby forming a hash total of document data;

second means for deciphering the signature data from the digital signature which was sequentially selected as a check target from among the digital signatures included in said received message in accordance with the order from the latest digital signature by using a decipher key corresponding to said selected digital signature;

third means for checking whether or not the document hash total extracted from said deciphered signature data coincides with the document hash total formed from the check target document;

fourth means for restoring the electronic document of a further former version on the basis of the version management information and the check target document in the case where said deciphered signature data includes the version management information; and

fifth means for making said first to fourth means operative by setting the electronic document of the further former version into new check target document.

17. A processing system of an electronic document connected to a network, comprising:

means for receiving a communication message which is constructed by (1) a former version electronic document and (2) document annexed information including at least one prior digital signature from the network;

check means for checking a relation between the former version electronic document received from the network and the prior digital signature;

means for changing the former version electronic document in accordance with an inputting operation by user to a new version electronic document;

means for forming a new digital signature having a predetermined relation with the new version electronic document, in which the digital signature is formed by performing an encipher process on signature data from a secret key of a new signatory, said signature data comprising a first hash total obtained by executing a hash total process to the new version electronic document, personal information of the user, and a second hash total obtained by executing a hash process to version management information which defines how to restore the former version electronic document from the new version electronic document; and

means for transmitting a communication message including the new version electronic document, the document annexed information, the new digital signature, and the version management information to said network.

18. A system according to claim 17, wherein said checking means comprises:

first means for setting the electronic document included in the received message into a check target document and performing a predetermined hash total process to said check target document, thereby forming a document hash total;

second means for deciphering the signature data form the digital signature which was sequentially selected as a check target from among the digital signatures included in the received message in accordance with the order from the latest digital signature by using a decipher key corresponding to said selected digital signature;

third means for checking whether the first hash total extracted from said deciphered signature data coincides with the document hash total formed from said check target document or not;

fourth means for sequentially selecting the version management information as a check target from the version management information included in the received message in accordance with the order from the latest version management information in the case where said deciphered signature data includes the second hash total and forming a management information hash total obtained by executing a predetermined hash total process to the version management information as said check target;

fifth means for checking whether said management information hast total coincides with the second hash total extracted from said decrypted signature data or not;

sixth means for restoring the electronic document of a further former version on the basis of the version management information as said check target and the check target document in the case where said deciphered signature data includes the second hash total; and

seventh means for setting the electronic document of the further former version into a new check target document and for making said first to sixth means operative.