Battery charger which accounts for initial surge in battery voltage and which is immune to noise during completion of charging

• US 5,467,005 A
• Filed: 08/04/1993
• Issued: 11/14/1995
• Est. Priority Date: 08/11/1992
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Makita Corporation
• Original Assignee: Makita Corporation
• Inventors: Matsumoto, Toshio, Watanabe, Hideki
• Primary Examiner(s): Wong, Peter S.
• Assistant Examiner(s): NAPPI, ROBERT E
• Application Number:
  US08/101,749
• Time in Patent Office: 832 Days
• Field of Search: 320/20, 320/27, 320/30, 320/31, 320/48
• US Class Current: 320/148
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/44 Methods for charging or discharging circuits for charging H02J7/00
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/007184 in response to battery voltage gradient
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

A battery charger includes a circuit for detecting battery voltage (V1) appeared when a predetermined time (T1) has elapsed after starting a charging operation. The determination as to whether the battery has been fully charged is performed after the battery voltage has reached the sum of a predetermined potential difference (dVS) and the battery voltage (V1).

Claims

1. A battery charger for supplying a charging current to a battery for charging the same, comprising:

first means for detecting a battery voltage (V1);

second means for storing the battery voltage (V1) detected by said first means when a predetermined time (T1) has elapsed after starting a charging operation;

third means for comparing said battery voltage (V1) with a predetermined voltage and for distinguishing the battery with respect to a rating voltage;

fourth means for detecting a timing of conversion from an increasing tendency to a decreasing tendency of the battery voltage, said fourth means being activated when the battery voltage detected by said first means exceeds the sum of a predetermined potential difference (dVS) and said battery voltage (V1) detected by said first means when said predetermined time (T1) has elapsed; and

fifth means for stopping supply of the charging current when said fourth means has detected said timing of conversion;

said predetermined time (T1) being determined to be substantially equal to the time when an abrupt variation expected to be produced in the battery voltage at the beginning of the charging operation of an over-discharged battery is substantially diminished;

said predetermined potential difference (dVS) being determined according to the rating voltage of the battery to be charged; and

wherein said fourth means for detecting said timing of conversion includes means for detecting the battery voltage at intervals of a predetermined period, and means for extracting a maximum voltage from among the detected battery voltages and for storing said maximum voltage; and

wherein said timing is detected based on a determination as to whether a battery voltage equal to or less than said maximum voltage has been detected; and

wherein said determination of detection of the battery voltage equal to or less than said maximum voltage is performed by counting the number of times of detection of the battery voltage, and wherein detection of the battery voltage equal to said maximum voltage is counted as one time and detection of the battery voltage less than said maximum voltage is counted as at least two times.

2. The battery charger as defined in claim 1, further including:

sixth means for detecting the battery voltage at intervals of a second predetermined period and for obtaining variations in the battery voltage during said intervals of said second predetermined period;

seventh means for extracting and storing a maximum variation among said variations obtained by said sixth means;

eighth means for stopping supply of the charging current when said variation detected by said sixth means becomes equal to the difference between said maximum variation and a predetermined value; and

ninth means for selecting said predetermined value according to the rating voltage of the battery to be charged.

3. A battery charger for supplying a charging current to a battery for charging the same, comprising:

first means for detecting a battery voltage (V1);

second means for storing the battery voltage (V1) detected by said first means when a predetermined time (T1) has elapsed after starting a charging operation;

third means for comparing said battery voltage (V1) with a predetermined voltage and for distinguishing the battery with respect to a rating voltage;

fourth means for detecting a timing of conversion from an increasing tendency to a decreasing tendency of the battery voltage, said fourth means being activated when the battery voltage detected by said first means exceeds the sum of a predetermined potential difference (dVS) and said battery voltage (V1) detected by said first means when said predetermined time (T1) has elapsed; and

fifth means for Stopping supply of the charging current when said fourth means has detected said timing of conversion;

said predetermined time (T1) being determined to be substantially equal to the time when an abrupt variation expected to be produced in the battery voltage at the beginning of the charging operation of an over-discharged battery is substantially diminished;

said predetermined potential difference (dVS) being determined according to the rating voltage of the battery to be charged; and

wherein said fourth means for detecting said timing of conversion comprises means for detecting the battery voltage at intervals of a predetermined period, means for extracting a maximum voltage from among the detected battery voltages and for storing said maximum voltage, and means for determining whether a battery voltage equal to or less than said maximum voltage has been detected, thereby detecting said timing of conversion; and

wherein said means for determining counts the number of times of detection of the battery voltage, and wherein detection of a battery voltage equal to said maximum voltage is counted once, and wherein detection of a battery voltage less than said maximum voltage is counted at least twice.

4. A battery charger for supplying a charging current to a battery for charging the same, comprising:

detecting means for detecting a battery voltage when a predetermined time has elapsed after starting a charging operation;

comparing means for comparing said battery voltage with a predetermined voltage and for distinguishing the battery with respect to a rating voltage;

conversion detecting means for detecting a timing of conversion from an increasing tendency to a decreasing tendency of the battery voltage, said conversion detecting means being activated when the battery voltage detected by said detecting means exceeds the sum of a predetermined potential difference and said battery voltage detected by said detecting means when said predetermined time has elapsed; and

stopping means for stopping supply of the charging current when said conversion detecting means detects said timing of said conversion;

said predetermined time being determined to be substantially equal to the time when an abrupt variation expected to be produced in the battery voltage at the beginning of the charging operation of an over-discharged battery is substantially diminished; and

said predetermined potential difference being determined according to the rating voltage of the battery to be charged;

wherein said conversion detecting means comprises means for detecting the battery voltage at intervals of a predetermined period, and means for extracting a maximum voltage from among the detected battery voltages and for storing said maximum voltage;

wherein said timing is detected based on a determination as to whether a battery voltage equal to or less than said maximum voltage has been detected;

wherein said determination is performed by counting the number of times of detection of the battery voltage, and wherein detection of the battery voltage equal to said maximum voltage is counted as one time and detection of the battery voltage less than said maximum voltage is counted as at least two times.