Device for indicating the presence of carbon dioxide in a patient's exhaled air

• US 5,468,451 A
• Filed: 02/10/1994
• Issued: 11/21/1995
• Est. Priority Date: 06/29/1992
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Minco AB
• Original Assignee: Minco AB
• Inventors: Gedeon, Andras
• Primary Examiner(s): Snay, Jeffrey R.
• Application Number:
  US08/190,189
• Time in Patent Office: 649 Days
• Field of Search: 422/55, 422/56, 422/57, 422/58, 422/59, 422/85, 422/86, 422/87, 436/68, 436/133, 436/163, 436/165, 436/169, 128/719, 128/207.14
• US Class Current: 422/416
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/1045 Devices for humidifying or heating the inspired gas by using recovered moisture or heat from the expired gas
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2016/0413 with detectors of CO2 in exhaled gases
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/584 having a color code
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 31/223 for investigating presence of specific gases or aerosols G01N31/221, G01N31/222 take precedence; actuation of fire alarm by presence of smoke or gases G08B17/10
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 33/004 CO or CO2
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 33/497 of gaseous biological material, e.g. breath

Abstract

A device for indicating the presence of CO₂ in a patient'"'"'s inhaled air comprises a CO₂ detector including an indicator element (14) which undergoes a reversible color change in response to exposure thereof to air containing CO₂ in concentrations of the same order of magnitude as the CO₂ concentration of air exhaled by a human being, and also comprises a heat-moisture exchanger (12) including a housing (13) with a first connecting port (15) adapted to be connected to the trachea of a patient, and a second connecting port (15) adapted for connection to a ventilator or an anesthetic machine, for example. In a flow-through passage (P) extending between the connecting ports (15, 16) there is mounted an element (18) for the regenerative exchange of heat and moisture between, on the one hand, air flowing through the flow-through passage (P) in one direction and, on the other hand, air flowing through the flow-through passage (P) in the opposite direction. The indicator element (14) is disposed in the flow-through passage on the side of the heat-moisture exchanger element (18) remote from the first connecting port (15) and is viewable from outside the housing, and its response time for the color change is sufficiently short to enable it to change color upon each breath.

Claims

1. A device for indicating presence of CO₂ in a patient'"'"'s exhaled breath, comprising:

a CO₂ detector including an indicator element which undergoes a reversible color change in response to exposure thereof to air containing CO₂ in concentrations of a same order of magnitude as a CO₂ concentration of the patient'"'"'s exhaled breath;

a heat-moisture exchanger further comprising a housing which includes a first connecting port adapted to be connected to the trachea of a patient and a second connecting port adapted to be connected selectively to a ventilator and an anaesthesia machine and which has mounted in a flow-through passage extending between the connecting ports an exchanger element for the regenerative exchange of heat and moisture between firstly, air which flows through the flow through passage in one direction and, secondly, air which flows through the flow-through passage in an opposite direction;

the indicator element being disposed in the flow-through passage away from and on the downstream side of the heat-moisture exchanger element in direction of flow of the patient'"'"'s breath and remote from the first connection port, said indicator element being viewable from outside the housing;

the indicator element having a response time for colour changes responsive to CO₂ which is sufficiently short to enable the indicator element to change color upon each breath.

2. The device according to claim 1, wherein the indicator element is viewable through a transparent section of a wall of the housing.

3. A device for endotracheal intubation of a patient, having a color-reversible colorimetric indication of CO₂ in exhaled air, comprising:

a housing having a first port connectable with the patient'"'"'s trachea, a second port connectable with a medical ventilating apparatus, and a flow-through passage therebetween;

a heat/moisture exchanger element disposed across the flow-through passage in a substantially gas-sealing manner, whereby gas moving between the first port and the second port passes through the exchanger element;

a CO₂ indicator element which changes color upon contact with CO₂, said indicator element being disposed at least partially within the passage between the exchanger element and the second port so that said indicator element is in contact with gas flowing through said passage, the indicator element being viewable from outside of the housing;

the indicator element having a color response time such that an indicating color thereof changes in an average breath cycle of inhalation and exhalation.

4. The device according to claim 3, wherein the indicator element is disposed within the housing and the housing is transparent.