Antifouling coating and method for using same

• US 5,470,586 A
• Filed: 04/11/1994
• Issued: 11/28/1995
• Est. Priority Date: 10/15/1992
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Duke University
• Original Assignee: Duke University
• Inventors: Gerhart, Donald J.
• Primary Examiner(s): Robinson, Allen J.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Pak, John D.
• Application Number:
  US08/226,287
• Time in Patent Office: 596 Days
• Field of Search: 514/690, 514/372, 514/245, 514/332, 514/335, 514/417, 514/425, 514/476, 514/491-493, 514/499, 514/500, 514/501, 514/525, 514/596, 514/600, 514/630, 514/638, 514/646, 424/409, 424/609, 424/78.09, 424/630, 424/638, 424/646, 114/67 R, 114/222, 114/361, 106/18.33, 106/15.05, 210/764, 523/122, 405/216, 504/158, 504/161
• US Class Current: 424/609
• CPC Class Codes: A01N 35/06 containing keto or thioketo groups as part of a ring, e.g. cyclohexanone, quinone; Derivatives thereof, e.g. ketals
• CPC Class Codes: A01N 43/08 with oxygen as the ring hetero atom
• CPC Class Codes: A01N 43/12 condensed with a carbocyclic ring
• CPC Class Codes: A01N 43/90 having two or more relevant hetero rings, condensed among themselves or with a common carbocyclic ring system
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 1/50 by addition or application of a germicide or by oligodynamic treatment C02F1/4606, C02F1/467, C02F1/76 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: C09D 5/1625 organic
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 70/10 Measures concerning design or construction of watercraft hulls
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 428/907 Resistant against plant or animal attack
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/31504 Composite [nonstructural laminate]
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/8305 Miscellaneous [e.g., treated surfaces, etc.]

Abstract

A method of controlling the attachment of organisms to an underwater surface is disclosed. The method comprises contacting the organisms with a compound of Formula I ##STR1## wherein R₁, R₂ and R₃ are each independently hydrogen, C₁ -C₃ alkyl, C₁ -C₃ alkoxy, halogen, or hydroxyl. Antifouling coatings and cementitious compositions containing a compound of Formula I are also disclosed.

Claims

1. An article having an underwater surface to which is bonded a coating which coating controls the attachment of barnacles to that surface, said coating comprising:

(a) a compound of Formula I;

##STR3## wherein R₁, R₂ and R₃ are each independently hydrogen, C₁ -C₃ alkyl, C₁ -C₃ alkoxy, halogen, or hydroxyl groups in an amount effective to control the attachment of barnacles to said surface; and

(b) a film-forming component.

2. An article according to claim 1, wherein said article is a boat.

3. An article according to claim 1, wherein said article is a pier.

4. An article according to claim 1, wherein said compound comprises between about 0.0001 and 80 percent by weight.

5. An article according to claim 1, wherein said coating is a paint.

6. An article according to claim 1, wherein said coating includes an additional antifouling compound.

7. An article according to claim 6, wherein said additional antifouling compound is selected from the group consisting of:

manganese ethylene bisdithiocarbamate, zinc ethylene bisdithiocarbamate, zinc dimethyl dithiocarbamate, 2,4,5,6-tetrachloroisophthalonitrile, 2 -methylthio-4 -t-butylamino-6-cyclopropylamino-S-triazine, 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethyl urea, N-(fluorodichloromethylthio)-phthalimide, N,N-dimethyl-N'"'"'-phenyl-(N-fluorodichloromethylthio)-sulfamide, tetramethylthiuram disulfide, 2,4,6-trichlorophenyl maleimide, zinc 2-pyridinthiol-1-oxide, copper thiocyanate, Cu-10% Ni alloy solid solution, and 4,5-dichloro-2-n-octyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one.

8. A method of combatting the attachment of barnacles to an article having an underwater surface comprising;

(a) coating the underwater surface with a composition containing a compound of Formula I;

##STR4## wherein R₁, R₂ and R₃ are each independently hydrogen, C₁ -C₃ alkyl, C₁ -C₃ alkoxy, halogen, or hydroxyl groups, in an amount effective to control the attachment of barnacles to said surface; and

then

(b) contacting said barnacles with a compound of Formula I.

9. A method article according to claim 8, wherein said compound comprises between about 0.0001 and 80 percent by weight of said composition.

10. A method according to claim 8, wherein said composition is a paint.

11. A method according to claim 8, wherein said composition includes an additional antifouling compound.

12. A method according to claim 11, wherein said additional antifouling compound is selected from the group consisting of:

manganese ethylene bisdithiocarbamate, zinc ethylene bisdithiocarbamate, zinc dimethyl dithiocarbamate, 2,4,5,6-tetrachloroisophthalonitrile, 2-methylthio-4-t-butylamino-6-cyclopropylamino-S-triazine, 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethyl urea, N-(fluorodichloromethylthio)-phthalimide, N,N-dimethyl-N'"'"'-phenyl-(N-fluorodichloromethylthio)-sulfamide, tetramethylthiuram disulfide, 2,4,6-trichlorophenyl maleimide, zinc 2-pyridinthiol-1-oxide, copper thiocyanate, Cu-10% Ni alloy solid solution, and 4,5-dichloro-2-n-octyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one.