Device for treating cancer and non-malignant tumors and methods

• US 5,472,441 A
• Filed: 03/11/1994
• Issued: 12/05/1995
• Est. Priority Date: 11/08/1993
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: AngioDynamics, Inc.
• Original Assignee: ZoMed International, Inc.
• Inventors: Edwards, Stuart D., Lax, Ronald G.
• Primary Examiner(s): Pellegrino, Stephen C.
• Assistant Examiner(s): PEFFLEY, MICHAEL F
• Application Number:
  US08/208,676
• Time in Patent Office: 634 Days
• Field of Search: 606/41, 606/45-52, 604/21, 128/898
• US Class Current: 606/41
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 18/14 Probes or electrodes therefor
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 18/1402 Probes for open surgery
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 18/1477 Needle-like probes
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 18/1482 having a long rigid shaft for accessing the inner body transcutaneously in minimal invasive surgery, e.g. laparoscopy
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 18/1492 having a flexible, catheter-like structure, e.g. for heart ablation A61B18/1477 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 18/18 by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves radiation therapy A61N5/00
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 18/1815 using microwaves
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00011 with fluids
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00196 reciprocating lengthwise
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00452 Skin
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00476 Hair follicles
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00577 Ablation
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00666 using a threshold value
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00678 upper
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00702 Power or energy
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00708 switching the power on or off
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00726 Duty cycle
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00761 Duration
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00779 Power or energy
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00791 Temperature
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00875 : Resistance or impedance
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/124 : switching the output to different electrodes, e.g. sequentially
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/1253 : monopolar
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/126 : bipolar
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/1425 : Needle
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/1435 : Spiral
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/162 : located on the probe body
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2218/002 : Irrigation
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 25/007 : Side holes, e.g. their profiles or arrangements; Provisions to keep side holes unblocked
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 5/02 : using microwaves
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 5/04 : Radiators for near-field treatment
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 5/045 : specially adapted for treatment inside the body

Abstract

A method of this invention for treating body tissues containing cancerous cells or non-malignant tumors with RF ablation, alone or in combination with systemic or localized chemotherapy comprising introducing a stylet comprising an electrode surface and a sleeve longitudinally moveable thereon into the vicinity of the body tissues, retracting the sleeve from a portion of the electrode surface, and supplying RF power to the electrode surface sufficient to heat the tissue to a temperature of above about 45° C. for a time to cause reduction of tissue mass in the vicinity of the electrode. The RF power supplied to the electrode surface is sufficient to effect a desiccated fluid diffusion barrier capsule surrounding the body tissue being treated. The stylet can include a hollow tube having fluid distribution ports therein, and the method can include the step of passing fluid through one or more distribution ports into the body tissue being treated. The fluid can be saline or a chemotherapeutic fluid such as liquid or gas containing a cytotoxic agent, for example. The fluid can be administered in a variety of procedures. The fluid can be passed through a distribution port into the body tissue before, during and/or after the RF power is supplied to the electrode surface, for example. Preferably, the fluid is introduced after a barrier capsule has been formed. The devices comprises electrodes havming a hollow core and a closed sharpened distal tip. The electrode has a plurality of fluid distribution ports therein for distribution of fluid treatment agents into the tissue.

Claims

1. A method for ablating tissue at a tissue treatment site where dehydration of tissue at the tissue treatment site is reduced, the method comprising the steps of:

a) introducing an Rf ablation device into a tissue treatment site, the device including a hollow tubular Rf electrode having a closed, sharpened distal tip, an electrode conductive surface for conducting Rf ablation, and a plurality of fluid distribution ports distributed along the length of the electrode for delivering chemotherapeutic agents to the tissue treatment site; and

b) supplying Rf power to the electrode to produce a diffusion barrier capsule at the tissue treatment site wherein the position of the electrode relative to the tissue treatment site is varied sufficiently frequently to reduce dehydration of tissue at the tissue treatment site.

2. The method according to claim 1, further including the step of passing fluid through the fluid distribution ports during ablation to reduce dehydration of tissue at the tissue treatment site.

3. The method according to claim 1 further including the step of varying the position of the electrode relative to the tissue treatment site by at least 1 mm during ablation.

4. The method according to claim 2 further including the step of varying the position of the electrode relative to the tissue treatment site between about 1 and 3 mm.

5. The method according to claim 1 further including the step of varying the position of the electrode relative to the tissue treatment site along a longitudinal axis of the electrode.

6. The method according to claim 1 wherein the device further includes an electrode position modifier and further including the step of varying the position of the electrode relative to the tissue treatment site sufficiently frequently during ablation to reduce dehydration of tissue at the tissue treatment site.

7. The method according to claim 5 further including the step of passing fluid through the fluid distribution ports during ablation to reduce dehydration of tissue at the tissue treatment site.

8. The method according to claim 7 further including the step of varying the position of the electrode relative to the tissue treatment site is by at least 1 mm during ablation.

9. The method according to claim 8 further including the step of varying the position of the electrode relative to the tissue treatment site by between about 1 and 3 mm.