Positive displacement transdermal system

• US 5,474,527 A
• Filed: 07/08/1994
• Issued: 12/12/1995
• Est. Priority Date: 03/29/1993
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: David S. Bettinger
• Original Assignee: David S. Bettinger
• Inventors: Bettinger, David S.
• Primary Examiner(s): Rosenbaum, C. Fred
• Assistant Examiner(s): MENDEZ, MANUEL A
• Application Number:
  US08/272,075
• Time in Patent Office: 522 Days
• Field of Search: 604/20, 604/890.1, 604/891.1, 604/892.1, 604/82, 604/416, 604/304-308, 222/95, 424/447-449
• US Class Current: 604/19
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 31/002 Devices for releasing a drug at a continuous and controlled rate for a prolonged period of time artificial gland structures or devices A61F2/022; intra-uterine contraceptive devices A61F6/14; tampons for introducing into the vagina A61F13/20, A61L15/00; suppositories or bougies for intra-vaginal or intra-uterine application A61K9/02; physical forms of medicinal preparations for sustained or differential drug release A61K9/20, A61K9/50
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/0428 Specially adapted for iontophoresis, e.g. AC, DC or including drug reservoirs
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/0448 Drug reservoir

Abstract

A microprocessor controlled transdermal medication patch system wherein said medication is dispensed internally by positive displacement from multiple reservoirs within said patch so as to vary the drug selection, sequence, and concentration and thereby the regimen and release rate. In a preferred embodiment, electric resistance heating elements activate multiple heat-shrink polymer reservoirs to dispence beneficial fluids into a common absorbent layer for transdermal passage.

Claims

1. A microprocessor controlled transdermal medication patch comprising:

a micro-processor controller circuit;

a battery power source connected to the micro-processor controller to supply electrical power;

user control means connected to the micro-processor controller to enable users to activate or deactivate the transdermal medication patch;

sensing means connected to said micro-processor controller for sensing physiological variables in the body;

connection means for connecting said micro-processor controller circuit to a disposable patch, the patch comprising of;

(1) a top seal layer;

(2) a plurality of segregated reservoirs containing a plurality of beneficial fluids;

(3) at least one common reservoir;

(4) a semi-permeable membrane;

(5) an adhesive layer for attachment to the skin; and

(6) a removable layer to protect said membrane and said adhesive layer prior to use;

wherein the improvement comprises the addition of positive displacement dispensing means to each of said segregated reservoirs so as to make said patch capable of microprocessor controlled selection for dispensing from among said plurality of beneficial fluids into said common reservoir internal to said patch.

2. The improved patch of claim 1 wherein said segregated reservoirs have at least one closable outlet through which a beneficial fluid is dispensed.

3. The improved patch of claim 1 wherein said common reservoir comprises an absorbent layer of material.

4. The improved patch of claim 1 wherein said segregated reservoirs comprise at least one wall of heat-shrink polymer material,and an electrical resistance heating element which when activated results in a reduction in the interior volume of said reservoir forcing said beneficial fluid through said outlet by positive displacement.

5. The heat-shrink polymer reservoir wall of claim 4 which achieves in its post-dispensing state a relaxed shape in which the opposing internal surfaces are adjacent and parallel so as to minimize any residual undispensed charge.

6. The improved patch of claim 1 wherein said segregated reservoirs comprise an electric resistance heating element which when activated, vaporizes a liquid, expelling said flowable fluid by said positive displacement.

7. The improved patch of claim 1 wherein said segregated reservoirs contain a piezoelectric driven piston to dispense said beneficial fluid by said positive displacement.

8. The improved patch of claim 1 wherein said segregated reservoirs comprise an electric solenoid to dispense said beneficial fluid by said positive displacement.

9. The improved patch of claim 1 wherein said common reservoir comprise at least one iontophoretic electrode.