Rewinding time-based script sequences

• US 5,475,811 A
• Filed: 09/13/1994
• Issued: 12/12/1995
• Est. Priority Date: 03/31/1993
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Apple Inc.
• Original Assignee: Kaleida Labs, Inc.
• Inventors: Neumann, Erik R., Fenton, Albert J. III
• Primary Examiner(s): Powell, Mark R.
• Assistant Examiner(s): HUYNH, BA
• Application Number:
  US08/305,793
• Time in Patent Office: 455 Days
• Field of Search: 395/147, 395/155, 395/156, 395/157, 395/158, 395/159, 395/160, 395/161, 395/145-147, 395/155-161
• US Class Current: 345/473
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 16/40 of multimedia data, e.g. slideshows comprising image and additional audio data retrieval of still image data G06F16/50; retrieval of audio data G06F16/60; retrieval of video data G06F16/70
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 9/451 Execution arrangements for user interfaces
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 9/45512 Command shells
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 27/034 on discs G11B27/036, G11B27/038 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 27/105 of operating discs
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 27/34 Indicating arrangements indicating means incorporated in magazine or cassette G11B23/046 and G11B23/0875; indicating measured values in general G01D

Abstract

The system of the present invention provides a mechanism for executing a script sequence containing a plurality of commands and associated time for executing the commands. The system allows a user of the script sequence to specify an arbitrary time, either forward or backward from a current time, and the result of the execution reflects the cumulative effects of executing the script sequence from the beginning up to the arbitrary time. The system provides for a skip ahead mechanism in which commands are executed without waiting for the occurrence of their associated time. The system also provides for rewind and key-frame features.

Claims

1. A method for rewinding a time-based script, for use with a plurality of data objects each having a state, the script comprising an ordered sequence of commands for modifying the state of one or more of the data objects over time, each command associated with a corresponding time value, and one or more of the commands being conditional, said method comprising the following steps:

generating a sequence of time values in real-time, using a clock, starting from an initial time value;

executing, using a digital computer, the script command associated with each generated time value;

tagging each data object created by the script commands;

interactively specifying a desired time value earlier than a currently generated time value;

deleting one or more of the tagged data objects, thereby restoring each data object to its state as of the initial time value, using the digital computer;

after the preceding step, skipping ahead to the desired time value by restoring each data object to its state as of the desired time value, in less time than the difference between the initial time value and the desired time value; and

resetting the clock to the desired time value, thereby rewinding the time-based script to the desired time value.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of skipping ahead to the desired time value includes the step of executing a key frame script reflecting a modification of each data object by commands associated with time values earlier than the desired time value.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of skipping ahead to the desired time value includes the step of performing each command associated with a time value earlier than the desired time value.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein one or more of the commands for modifying the state of the data objects comprise one or more iterative loops.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein one or more of the commands for modifying the state of the data objects comprise one or more "if-then-else" statements.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the maximum number of data objects modified by the commands of the time-based script depends only upon the digital computer used.

7. A digital computer-based apparatus for rewinding a time-based script, the script comprising an ordered sequence of commands, each command associated with a corresponding time value, said apparatus comprising:

a plurality of data objects, each one of the data objects having a state, the commands being operable to modify said states, and one or more of the commands being conditional;

a clock for generating a sequence of time values in real-time, starting from an initial time value;

means for executing the script command associated with each generated time value;

means for tagging each data object created by the script commands;

means for interactively specifying a desired time value earlier than the currently generated time value;

means for deleting one or more of the tagged data objects, said means being operable to restore each data object to its state as of the initial time value;

means for skipping ahead to the desired time value in the script sequence, by restoring each data object to its state as of the desired time value, in less time than the difference between the initial time value and the desired time value; and

means for resetting the clock to the desired time value, thereby rewinding the time-based script to the desired time value.

8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the means for skipping ahead to the desired time value include means for executing a key frame script reflecting a modification of each data object by commands associated with time values earlier than the desired time value.

9. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the means for skipping ahead to the desired time value include means for performing each command associated with a time value earlier than the desired time value.

10. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein one or more of the commands comprises one or more iterative loops.

11. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein one or more of the commands comprises one or more "if-then-else" statements.

12. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the number of data objects being modified by the commands of the script sequence is not subject to a predetermined maximum.