Pulley driven stirling cycle automative air conditioner system

• US 5,477,687 A
• Filed: 11/14/1994
• Issued: 12/26/1995
• Est. Priority Date: 11/14/1994
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Advanced Refrigeration Technologies, Inc. (Travelstar, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Advanced Refrigeration Technologies, Inc. (Travelstar, Inc.)
• Inventors: Horn, Stuart B.
• Primary Examiner(s): Capossela, Ronald C.
• Application Number:
  US08/339,898
• Time in Patent Office: 407 Days
• Field of Search: 62/6, 62/323.4
• US Class Current: 62/6
• CPC Class Codes: B60H 1/32 Cooling devices B60H1/00478, B60H1/005 take precedence; vehicles adapted to transport refrigerated goods B60P3/20
• CPC Class Codes: F02B 1/04 with fuel-air mixture admission into cylinder
• CPC Class Codes: F02G 1/043 the engine being operated by expansion and contraction of a mass of working gas which is heated and cooled in one of a plurality of constantly communicating expansible chambers, e.g. Stirling cycle type engines
• CPC Class Codes: F02G 2270/50 Crosshead guiding pistons
• CPC Class Codes: F25B 9/14 characterised by the cycle used, e.g. Stirling cycle

Abstract

An automotive air conditioning system utilizes environmentally safe gases as the working fluid for a Stirling cycle refrigeration unit. The Stirling cycle refrigeration unit includes a compressor housing and an expander housing. A first heat transfer fluid circulation system removes heat from the compressor housing and expels it to the ambient atmosphere. A second heat transfer fluid circulation system removes heat from the automotive interior and expels it to the expander housing. Each of the compressor housing and the expander housing contains an equal number of cylinders. Respective cylinders in the compressor housing and the expander housing are fluidically connected to one another; and the reciprocal movement of pistons disposed in these respective cylinders is maintained in a specified phase relationship.

Claims

1. An air conditioning system comprising:

(A) a Stirling cycle refrigeration unit comprising

a compressor housing having at least one compressor cylinder containing a compressor piston member, said compressor piston member slidingly received within said compressor cylinder for reciprocating motion therein, said compressor cylinder and said compressor piston member defining a compressor volume,

an expander housing having at least one expander cylinder containing an expander piston member, said expander piston member slidingly received within said expander cylinder for reciprocating motion therein, said expander cylinder and said expander piston member defining an expander volume,

fluidic connection means for fluidically connecting each compressor volume in said compressor housing with a corresponding expander volume in said expander housing,

first drive means, disposed within said compressor housing, for reciprocating each compressor piston member within its compressor cylinder,

second drive means, disposed within said expander housing for reciprocating each expander piston member within its expander cylinder

said first and second drive means cooperating to maintain a predetermined phase relationship between each compressor piston member in its compressor cylinder and each expander piston member in its expander cylinder whose

compressor volume and expander volume are fluidically connected;

(B) a compressor-side heat exchanger for transferring heat from said compressor housing to a first heat transfer fluid;

(C) an expander-side heat exchanger for transferring heat from a second heat transfer fluid to said expander housing;

(D) a first external heat exchanger for transferring heat from said first heat transfer fluid to a first ambient atmosphere;

(E) a second external heat exchanger for transferring heat from a second ambient atmosphere to said second heat transfer fluid;

(F) a first fluid circulating means for circulating said first heat transfer fluid from said compressor-side heat exchanger to said first heat exchanger and back to said compressor-side heat exchanger;

(G) a second fluid circulating means for circulating said second heat transfer fluid from said expander-side heat exchanger to said second external heat exchanger and back to said expander-side heat exchanger;

(H) a shaft means, connected to said first fluid circulating means and said second fluid circulating means, for transmitting motive power to said first fluid circulating means and said second fluid circulating means;

(I) magnetic coupling means, magnetically coupling said shaft means to said first drive means and said second drive means, for transmitting motive power to said first drive means and said second drive means;

(J) clutch means for selectively connecting said shaft means to a power supply.

2. The air conditioning system according to claim 1, wherein said compressor housing has four compressor cylinders disposed in a first plane, each compressor cylinder disposed at a 90°

angle to each adjacent cylinder to form a cross head, each compressor cylinder having a compressor piston member slidingly received therein for reciprocating motion therein, said compressor piston members connected by a yoke.

3. The air conditioning system according to claim 2, wherein said expander housing has four expander cylinders disposed in a second plane, each expander cylinder disposed at a 90°

angle to each adjacent cylinder to form a cross head, each expander cylinder having an expander piston member slidingly received therein for reciprocating motion therein, said expander piston members connected by a yoke.

4. The air conditioning system according to claim 3, wherein each of said compressor cylinders having a compressor piston member therein has a compressor volume, each of said expander cylinders having an expander piston member therein has an expander volume, each compressor volume being fluidically connected with a corresponding expander cylinder.

5. The air conditioning system according to claim 1, wherein said compressor-side heat exchanger comprises a jacket disposed about an outer surface of said compressor housing for containing said first heat transfer fluid in contact with said outer surface of said compressor housing.

6. The air conditioning system according to claim 5, wherein said outer surface of said compressor housing has an expanded surface area.

7. The air conditioning system according to claim 6, wherein said expanded surface area is formed by fins mounted on said outer surface of said compressor housing.

8. The air conditioning system according to claim 1, wherein said expander-side heat exchanger comprises a jacket disposed about an outer surface of said expander housing for containing said second heat transfer fluid in contact with an outer end surface of said at least one expander cylinder.

9. The air conditioning system according to claim 8, wherein said at least one expander cylinder contains an expanded surface area member in contact with an outer end of said expander cylinder.

10. The air conditioning system according to claim 9, wherein said expanded surface area is formed by a metallic gauze.

11. The air conditioning system according to claim 1, wherein said first external heat exchanger comprises a first radiator for indirectly contacting said first heat transfer fluid with said first ambient atmosphere.

12. The air conditioning system according to claim 1, wherein said second external heat exchanger comprises a second radiator for indirectly contacting said second heat transfer fluid with said second ambient atmosphere.

13. The air conditioning system according to claim 12, wherein said second external heat exchanger further comprises blower means for mechanically forcing at least a portion of said second ambient atmosphere to pass over said second radiator.

14. The air conditioning system according to claim 1, wherein said first fluid circulating means comprises

a first pump, connected to said shaft means, for circulating said first heat transfer fluid, said first pump having an inlet and an outlet,

a first fluid conduit connecting the outlet of said first pump to an inlet of said compressor-side heat exchanger,

a second fluid conduit connecting an outlet of said compressor-side heat exchanger to an inlet of said first external heat exchanger,

a third fluid conduit connecting an outlet of said first external heat exchanger to the inlet of said first pump.

15. The air conditioning system according to claim 14, wherein said second fluid circulating means comprises

a second pump, connected to said shaft means, for circulating said second heat transfer fluid, said second pump having an inlet and an outlet,

a fourth fluid conduit connecting the outlet of said second pump to an inlet of said expander-side heat exchanger,

a fifth fluid conduit connecting an outlet of said expander-side heat exchanger to an inlet of said second external heat exchanger,

a sixth fluid conduit connecting an outlet of said second external heat exchanger to the inlet of said second pump.

16. The air conditioning system according to claim 1, wherein said first drive means comprises a first eccentric crankshaft disposed within said compressor housing, said first eccentric crankshaft having a first end and a second end;

said second drive means comprises a second eccentric crankshaft disposed within said expander housing, said second eccentric crankshaft having a first end and a second end, said magnetic coupling means comprising a magnetic coupling between said shaft means and said first end of said first eccentric crankshaft, said second end of said first eccentric crankshaft being connected to said first end of said second eccentric crankshaft.

17. The air conditioning system according to claim 1, wherein said clutch means is connected to a source of rotational power and said clutch means connects said shaft means to said source of rotational power in response to a signal indicative of a need for air conditioning;

said magnetic coupling permitting said shaft means to slip relative to said first eccentric crankshaft when said source of rotational power has a rotational velocity in excess of a predetermined maximum rotational velocity.