Color changing compositions for use on non-porous surfaces

• US 5,478,382 A
• Filed: 07/05/1994
• Issued: 12/26/1995
• Est. Priority Date: 07/31/1992
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Binney & Smith Inc.
• Original Assignee: Binney & Smith Inc.
• Inventors: Miller, Richard E., Couch, Charlene R.
• Primary Examiner(s): KLEMANSKI, HELENE G
• Application Number:
  US08/270,998
• Time in Patent Office: 539 Days
• Field of Search: 106/22 B, 106/23 B, 106/21 A, 106/25 R
• US Class Current: 524/88
• CPC Class Codes: B05D 1/36 Successively applying liquids or other fluent materials, e.g. without intermediate treatment
• CPC Class Codes: B05D 2401/20 Aqueous dispersion or solution
• CPC Class Codes: B05D 2451/00 Type of carrier, type of coating (Multilayers)
• CPC Class Codes: B05D 7/54 No clear coat specified
• CPC Class Codes: B44D 2/00 Special techniques in artistic painting or drawing, e.g. oil painting, water painting, pastel painting, relief painting
• CPC Class Codes: B44F 1/10 Changing, amusing, or secret pictures
• CPC Class Codes: C09D 11/50 Sympathetic, colour changing or similar inks
• CPC Class Codes: C09D 7/00 Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00 driers C09F9/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions

Abstract

A multiple coloring composition system for use on non-porous surfaces is disclosed whose coloring effect is changed upon treatment with a second coloring composition, once the second coloring composition has been deposited over the undercolor coloring composition. The multiple ink system comprises:

(a) an undercolor aqueous coloring composition comprising a film forming resin and an undercolor dye whose coloring ability is destroyed in the presence of a pH of about 10 or greater and/or by a reducing agent; and

(b) an overcolor aqueous coloring composition comprising a film forming resin, a colorant capable of maintaining its characteristic color in the presence of a pH of about 10 or greater and/or a reducing agent, a base in an amount sufficient to yield a pH of the overcolor composition of about 10 or greater, and/or a reducing agent.

Claims

1. A multiple coloring composition system comprising:

(a) an undercolor aqueous coloring composition comprising a first film forming resin and an undercolor dye whose coloring ability is destroyed in the presence of a pH of about 10 or greater; and

(b) an overcolor aqueous coloring composition comprising a second film forming resin, a colorant capable of maintaining its characteristic color in the presence of a pH of about 10 or greater and an effective amount of a base sufficient to yield a pH of said overcolor aqueous coloring composition of about 10 or greater.

2. The multiple coloring composition system of claim 1, said base being present in an amount sufficient to yield a pH of said overcolor aqueous coloring composition of from about 10 to about 12.

3. The multiple coloring composition system of claim 2, said base added in an amount of from about 0.5% to about 8% by weight of said overcolor aqueous coloring composition.

4. The multiple coloring composition system of claim 1, wherein said undercolor dye of said undercolor coloring composition is selected from the group consisting of polymethine dyes, triphenylmethane dyes, and azo dyes which are unstable in the presence of a pH of about 10 or greater.

5. The multiple coloring composition system of claim 4, wherein said undercolor dye of said undercolor coloring composition is selected from the group consisting of Basic Blue 69, Basic Red 14, Basic Red 49, Acid Green 3, Acid Violet 19 and mixtures thereof.

6. The multiple coloring composition system of claim 1, wherein said colorant of said overcolor coloring composition is selected from the group consisting of pigments, xanthene dyes, pthalocyanine dyes, and azo dyes which are stable in the presence of a pH of about 10 or greater.

7. The multiple coloring composition system of claim 6, wherein said colorant of said overcolor coloring composition is selected form the group consisting of Acid Red 52, Acid Red 87, Acid Red 92, Acid Red 388, Food Red 14, Acid Green 26, Solvent Green 7, Direct Blue 199, pigments, and mixtures thereof.

8. The multiple coloring composition system of claim 1, wherein said overcolor aqueous coloring composition further comprises a reducing agent.

9. The multiple coloring composition system of claim 8, wherein said reducing agent is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen sulfide, sodium sulfite, sodium bisulphite and stannous chloride.

10. The multiple coloring composition system of claim 1, wherein said base is selected from the group consisting of ammonium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate.

11. The multiple coloring composition system of claim 1, wherein said undercolor and said overcolor coloring compositions further comprise a humectant.

12. The multiple coloring composition system of claim 1, wherein said undercolor and said overcolor coloring compositions further comprise a drying agent.

13. The multiple coloring composition system of claim 1, wherein said colorant of said overcolor aqueous coloring composition is present in an amount of from about 0.1% to about 5% by weight.

14. The multiple coloring composition system of claim 1, wherein said undercolor coloring composition further comprises a preservative.

15. The multiple coloring composition system of claim 1, wherein said overcolor coloring composition further comprises a preservative.

16. The multiple coloring composition system of claim 1, wherein said first film forming resin is selected from the group consisting of polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol, alkali soluble acrylics, and modified starches.

17. The multiple coloring composition system of claim 1, wherein said second film forming resin is selected from the group consisting of polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol, alkali soluble acrylics, and modified starches.

18. The multiple coloring composition system of claim 1, wherein said first and said second film forming resins are present in amount of from about 0.1% to about 5% by weight of said undercolor coloring composition and said overcolor coloring composition respectively.

19. A multiple coloring composition system comprising:

(a) an undercolor aqueous coloring composition comprising a first film forming resin and an undercolor dye whose coloring ability is destroyed in the presence of a reducing agent; and

(b) an overcolor aqueous coloring composition comprising a second film forming resin, a colorant capable of maintaining its characteristic color in the presence of a reducing agent and an effective amount of a reducing agent sufficient to destroy the coloring ability of said undercolor dye.

20. The multiple coloring composition system of claim 19, said reducing agent being present in an amount of from about 1% to about 20% by weight of said overcolor aqueous coloring composition.

21. The multiple coloring composition system of claim 20, said reducing agent is present in an amount of from about 5% to about 10% by weight of said overcolor aqueous coloring composition.

22. The multiple coloring composition system of claim 19, wherein said undercolor dye of said undercolor coloring composition is selected from the group consisting of polymethine dyes, triphenylmethane dyes, and azo dyes which are unstable in the presence of a reducing agent.

23. The multiple coloring composition system of claim 19, wherein said undercolor dye of said undercolor coloring composition is selected from the group consisting of Basic Blue 69, Basic Red 14, Basic Red 49, Acid Green 3, Acid Violet 19 and mixtures thereof.

24. The multiple coloring composition system of claim 19, wherein said colorant of said overcolor coloring composition is selected from the group consisting of pigments, xanthene dyes, pthalocyanine dyes, and azo dyes which are stable in the presence of a reducing agent.

25. The multiple coloring composition system of claim 19, wherein said colorant of said overcolor coloring composition is selected from the group consisting of Acid Red 52, Acid Red 87, Acid Red 92, Acid Red 388, Food Red 14, Acid Green 26, Solvent Green 7, Direct Blue 199, pigments, and mixtures thereof.

26. The multiple coloring composition system of claim 19, wherein said reducing agent is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen sulfide, sodium sulfite, sodium bisulphite and stannous chloride.

27. The multiple coloring composition system of claim 19, wherein said undercolor and said overcolor coloring compositions further comprise a humectant.

28. The multiple coloring composition system of claim 19, wherein said undercolor and said overcolor coloring compositions further comprise a drying agent.

29. The multiple coloring composition system of claim 19, wherein said colorant of said overcolor aqueous coloring composition is present in an amount of from about 0.1% to about 15% by weight.

30. The multiple coloring composition system of claim 19, wherein said undercolor coloring composition further comprises a preservative.

31. The multiple coloring composition system of claim 19, wherein said overcolor coloring composition further comprises a preservative.

32. The multiple coloring composition system of claim 19, wherein said first film forming resin is selected from the group consisting of polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol, alkali soluble acrylics, and modified starches.

33. The multiple coloring composition system of claim 19, wherein said second film forming resin is selected from the group consisting of polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol, alkali soluble acrylics, and modified starches.

34. The multiple coloring composition system of claim 19, wherein said first and said second film forming resins are present in amount of from about 0.1% to 5% by weight of said undercolor coloring composition and said overcolor coloring composition respectively.

35. An ink composition system comprising:

(a) an undercolor aqueous ink comprising from about 0.1% to about 5% by weight of said undercolor ink of a first film forming resin and from about 0.1% to about 15% by weight of said undercolor ink of an undercolor dye whose coloring ability is destroyed in the presence of a pH of about 10 or greater or in the presence of a reducing agent; and

(b) an overcolor aqueous ink comprising from about 0.1% to about 5% by weight of said overcolor ink of a second film forming resin, from about 1% to about 20% by weight of said overcolor ink of a reducing agent;

from about 0.1% to about 10% by weight of said overcolor ink of a base; and

from about 0.1% to about 15% by weight of said overcolor ink of an overcolor colorant which maintains its characteristic color in the presence of a reducing agent and in the presence of a pH of about 10 or greater.

36. A color changing marking system comprising at least an undercolor marking instrument and an overcolor marking instrument, said undercolor marking instrument comprising a nib and an ink reservoir containing an undercolor ink composition comprising from about 0.1% to about 5% by weight of said undercolor ink of a first film forming resin and from about 0.1% to about 15% by weight of said undercolor ink of an undercolor dye whose coloring ability is destroyed in the presence of a pH of about 10 or greater or in the presence of a reducing agent;

and said overcolor marking instrument comprising a nib and an ink reservoir containing an overcolor ink composition comprising from about 0.1% to about 5% by weight of said overcolor ink of a second film forming resin, from about 1% to about 20% by weight of said overcolor ink of a reducing agent;

from about 0.1% to about 10% by weight of said overcolor ink of a base; and

from about 0.1% to about 15% by weight of said overcolor ink of an overcolor colorant which maintains its characteristic color in the presence of a reducing agent and in the presence of a pH of about 10 or greater.

37. A multiple coloring composition system comprising:

(a) a first undercolor aqueous coloring composition comprising a first film forming resin and an undercolor dye whose coloring ability is destroyed in the presence of a pH of about 10 or greater;

(b) a second undercolor aqueous coloring composition comprising a second film forming resin and an undercolor dye whose coloring ability is destroyed in the presence of a reducing agent; and

(c) an overcolor aqueous coloring composition comprising a third film forming resin, a colorant capable of maintaining its characteristic color in the presence of a pH of about 10 or greater and in the presence of a reducing agent, and an effective amount of a base sufficient to yield a pH of said overcolor aqueous coloring composition of about 10 or greater, and from about 1% to about 20% by weight of a reducing agent.