Rechargeable lithium battery construction

• US 5,478,668 A
• Filed: 05/11/1994
• Issued: 12/26/1995
• Est. Priority Date: 11/30/1993
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Valence Technology Incorporated (Lithium Werks B.V.)
• Original Assignee: Bell Communications Research, Inc. (Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson)
• Inventors: Gozdz, Antoni S., Tarascon, Jean-Marie, Warren, Paul C., Schmutz, Caroline N.
• Primary Examiner(s): Maples, John S.
• Application Number:
  US08/241,255
• Time in Patent Office: 594 Days
• Field of Search: 429/192, 429/185, 429/127, 429/162, 429/153, 429/149, 429/152
• US Class Current: 429/127
• CPC Class Codes: C08J 2327/16 Homopolymers or copolymers of vinylidene fluoride
• CPC Class Codes: C08J 9/28 by elimination of a liquid phase from a macromolecular composition or article, e.g. drying of coagulum
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/0431 Cells with wound or folded electrodes H01M10/045 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/05 Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte H01M10/39 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/052 Li-accumulators
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/0565 Polymeric materials, e.g. gel-type or solid-type
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 2300/0085 Immobilising or gelification of electrolyte
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 50/426 Fluorocarbon polymers
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 50/489 Separators, membranes, diaphragms or spacing elements inside the cells, characterised by their physical properties, e.g. swelling degree, hydrophilicity or shut down properties
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 6/181 with polymeric electrolytes
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 6/30 Deferred-action cells
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 6/32 activated through external addition of electrolyte or of electrolyte components
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 6/42 Grouping of primary cells into batteries H01M6/40 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 6/46 of flat cells
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 Energy storage using batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02P 70/50 Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Abstract

A rechargeable lithium ion battery comprises a plurality of interleaved flexible electrolytic cells, each of which is a unitary planar laminated structure comprising polymeric anode, cathode, and intermediate electrolyte layers disposed between electrically conductive anode and cathode collector foil elements. One of the collector foils of a cell has an open grid structure to allow penetration of electrolyte solution into the cell layer while the other is substantially more continuous to provide supporting strength to the cell. At least a pair of cells having respective continuous foil anode and cathode collectors are interleaved in spiral-folded fashion to present those collector foils at the outer surface of the resulting structure to provide terminal contacts for the resulting high-capacity, low-profile battery.

Claims

1. A rechargeable battery construction comprising a plurality of flexible electrolytic cell positive electrode element, negative electrode element, and separator elements, each of said elements being of polymeric composition, arranged in continuous concentrically overlapping layers

characterized in that

a) said elements are arranged to form at least two cells of which each cell comprises a positive electrode element, a negative electrode element, and a separator element disposed therebetween;

and

b) the respective like-polarity electrodes of each cell are disposed contiguously within said construction.

2. A battery construction according to claim 1

characterized in that each of said electrodes comprises an electrolytically active composition element and an electrically conductive collector element.

3. A battery construction according to claim 2

characterized in that the respective collector elements of said like-polarity electrodes are disposed contiguously within said construction.

4. A battery construction according to claim 3

characterized in that one of the respective collector elements of each said like-polarity electrodes is permeable to a fluid electrolyte.

5. A battery construction according to claim 4

characterized in that said permeable collector elements comprise the cell layers disposed closest to the interior of said concentrically overlapping arrangement.

6. A battery construction according to claim 5

characterized in that a respective one of the opposite-polarity collector elements of the cells is disposed at the outer surface of said concentrically overlapping arrangement.

7. A rechargeable battery construction comprising a plurality of electrolytic cells of which each cell comprises a positive electrode member, a negative electrode member, and a separator member disposed therebetween, said members having flexible, self-supporting, polymeric matrix film composition and being bonded to contiguous members at respective interfaces to form a unitary flexible laminate cell,

characterized in that

a) the respective like-polarity electrodes of at least two of said cells are disposed contiguously within said construction;

and

b) the members of said two cells are arranged in continuous concentrically overlapping layers.

8. A battery construction according to claim 7

characterized in that each of said electrode members comprises an electrolytically active composition element and an electrically conductive collector element.

9. A battery construction according to claim 8

characterized in that the respective collector elements of said like-polarity electrodes are disposed contiguously within said construction.

10. A battery construction according to claim 9

characterized in that one of the respective collector elements of each said like-polarity electrodes is permeable to a fluid electrolyte.

11. A battery construction according to claim 10

characterized in that said permeable collector elements comprise the cell layers disposed closest to the interior of said concentrically overlapping arrangement.

12. A battery construction according to claim 11

characterized in that a respective one of the opposite-polarity collector elements of said cells is disposed at the outer surface of said concentrically overlapping arrangement.

13. A rechargeable battery construction comprising a plurality of electrolytic cells of which each cell comprises a positive electrode member, a negative electrode member, and a separator member disposed therebetween, said members having flexible, self-supporting, polymeric matrix film composition and being bonded to contiguous members of said cell at respective interfaces to form a unitary flexible laminate cell,

characterized in that

a) each of said electrode members comprises an electrolytically active composition element and an electrically conductive collector element;

b) at least one of said collector elements of each cell is permeable to a fluid electrolyte;

c) the respective like-polarity collector elements of at least two of said cells are disposed contiguously within said construction;

d) the members of said two cells are formed into a structure having a continuous concentrically overlapping layer arrangement;

e) said permeable collector elements comprise the cell layers disposed closest to the interior of said overlapping arrangement structure; and

f) a respective one of opposite-polarity collector elements of said cells is disposed at the outer surface of said structure.

14. A battery construction according to claim 13

characterized in that said overlapping arrangement structure is hermetically sealed within a moisture-proof barrier material enclosure.

15. A battery construction according to claim 14

characterized in that said construction comprises means individually communicating electrically between said opposite-polarity collector elements and the exterior of said enclosure.

16. A battery construction according to claim 15

characterized in that said construction comprises a measure of cell-activating electrolyte solution sealed within said enclosure.

17. A battery construction according to claim 16

characterized in that

a) said construction comprises at least two of said overlapping arrangement structures sealed within said enclosure;

b) respective opposite-polarity collector elements of said structures are in electrical communication; and

c) the respective complementary opposite-polarity collector elements outermost in said construction are in electrical communication with the exterior of said enclosure.