High-efficiency encoder and video information recording/reproducing apparatus

• US 5,479,264 A
• Filed: 01/29/1993
• Issued: 12/26/1995
• Est. Priority Date: 01/29/1992
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha (Mitsubishi Electric Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha (Mitsubishi Electric Corporation)
• Inventors: Ueda, Tomohiro, Asamura, Yoshinori, Itow, Takashi, Mishima, Hidetoshi, Onishi, Ken
• Primary Examiner(s): Britton, Howard W.
• Application Number:
  US08/011,243
• Time in Patent Office: 1,061 Days
• Field of Search: 348/400, 348/401, 348/402, 358/310, 358/339, 358/335
• US Class Current: 386/317
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 2220/20 Disc-shaped record carriers
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 2220/90 Tape-like record carriers
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 27/032 on tapes G11B27/036, G11B27/038 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 27/034 on discs G11B27/036, G11B27/038 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 27/036 Insert-editing
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 27/28 by using information signals recorded by the same method as the main recording G11B27/22 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/105 Selection of the reference unit for prediction within a chosen coding or prediction mode, e.g. adaptive choice of position and number of pixels used for prediction
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/107 between spatial and temporal predictive coding, e.g. picture refresh
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/114 Adapting the group of pictures [GOP] structure, e.g. number of B-frames between two anchor frames H04N19/107 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/137 Motion inside a coding unit, e.g. average field, frame or block difference
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/142 Detection of scene cut or scene change
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/146 Data rate or code amount at the encoder output
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/152 by measuring the fullness of the transmission buffer
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/172 the region being a picture, frame or field
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/177 the unit being a group of pictures [GOP]
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/179 the unit being a scene or a shot
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/42 characterised by implementation details or hardware specially adapted for video compression or decompression, e.g. dedicated software implementation H04N19/635 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/46 Embedding additional information in the video signal during the compression process H04N19/517, H04N19/68, H04N19/70 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/503 involving temporal prediction adaptive coding with adaptive selection between spatial and temporal predictive coding H04N19/107; adaptive coding with adaptive selection among a plurality of temporal predictive coding modes H04N19/109
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/577 Motion compensation with bidirectional frame interpolation, i.e. using B-pictures
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/61 : in combination with predictive coding
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/87 : involving scene cut or scene change detection in combination with video compression
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/23418 : involving operations for analysing video streams, e.g. detecting features or characteristics television picture signal circuitry for scene change detection H04N5/147; filtering for image enhancement G06T5/00; methods or arrangements for recognising scenes G06V20/00; arrangements characterised by components specially adapted for monitoring, identification or recognition of video in broadcast systems H04H60/59
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/23424 : involving splicing one content stream with another content stream, e.g. for inserting or substituting an advertisement
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/236 : Assembling of a multiplex stream, e.g. transport stream, by combining a video stream with other content or additional data, e.g. inserting a URL [Uniform Resource Locator] into a video stream, multiplexing software data into a video stream; Remultiplexing of multiplex streams; Insertion of stuffing bits into the multiplex stream, e.g. to obtain a constant bit-rate; Assembling of a packetised elementary stream multiplexing of data packets for data networks, e.g. RTP/UDP H04L65/00
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/2383 : Channel coding or modulation of digital bit-stream, e.g. QPSK modulation arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by adapting the channel coding H04L1/0009; analogue front ends or means for connecting modulators, demodulators or transceivers to a transmission line H04L27/0002
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/4135 : external recorder interface circuits between an apparatus for recording television signals and a television receiver H04N5/775
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/4334 : Recording operations recording of a television signal H04N5/76; arrangements for recording or accumulating broadcast information or broadcast-related information H04H60/27
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/434 : Disassembling of a multiplex stream, e.g. demultiplexing audio and video streams, extraction of additional data from a video stream; Remultiplexing of multiplex streams; Extraction or processing of SI; Disassembling of packetised elementary stream demultiplexing of data packets for data networks, e.g. RTP/UDP H04L65/00
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/4382 : Demodulation or channel decoding, e.g. QPSK demodulation analog front ends or means for connecting modulators, demodulators or transceivers to a transmission line H04L27/0002
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/44016 : involving splicing one content stream with another content stream, e.g. for substituting a video clip
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 5/78263 : for recording on tracks inclined relative to the direction of movement of the tape
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 5/78266 : using more than one track for the recording of one television field or frame, i.e. segmented recording
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 5/9262 : using predictive coding
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 5/9264 : using transform coding
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 5/928 : the sound signal being pulse code modulated and recorded in time division multiplex with the modulated video signal
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 9/8042 : involving data reduction
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 9/8063 : using time division multiplex of the PCM audio and PCM video signals
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 9/83 : the recorded chrominance signal occupying a frequency band under the frequency band of the recorded brightness signal
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 9/835 : involving processing of the sound signal
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 9/8355 : the sound carriers being frequency multiplexed between the luminance carrier and the chrominance carrier

Abstract

In a high-efficiency encoder which performs motion-compensation prediction, an intra-field is set every n fields. The presence of a scene change is detected. When a scene change occurs, a reference picture of motion-compensation prediction is switched, or the field immediately after the scene change is set as an intra-field.

Claims

1. A video information apparatus comprising:

a recording device, recording video information with helical scanning, wherein said recording device collects signals of a plurality of fields or frames in one recording unit and records in a predetermined number of tracks.

2. The video information apparatus of claim 1, wherein the number of the plurality of fields or frames is four and the number of the plurality of tracks is one of six or ten.

3. The video information apparatus of claim 1, wherein said recorder records the plurality of fields or frames on the plurality of tracks of a magnetic type using helical scanning recording.

4. The video information apparatus of claim 1, wherein an information amount of one field or frame in the one recording unit is not an integral multiple of an information amount recordable in one of the predetermined number of tracks.

5. The video information apparatus of claim 4, wherein, in the signals of a plurality of fields or frames, said recording device mixes an intra-field or intra-frame in which interplane prediction is not used and a prediction-field or prediction frame in which interplane prediction is used.

6. The video information apparatus, of claim 1 said recording device, including

an encoder, encoding the digital video signal including a plurality of fields or frames;

and

a recorder, recording the plurality of fields or frames as the one recording unit in the plurality of tracks.

7. The video information apparatus of claim 6, wherein a number of the plurality of tracks depends on an amount of information contained in the plurality of fields or frames.

8. The video information of claim 6, wherein said encoder encodes some of the plurality of fields or frames with interplane prediction and others of the plurality of fields or frames without interplane prediction.

9. The video information apparatus of claim 8, wherein a first of said plurality of fields or frames is encoded by said encoder without interplane prediction.

10. The video information apparatus of claim 6, said encoder including,

a high-efficiency code encoder, selecting the video signal or a prediction difference signal and encoding the selected signal.

11. The video information apparatus of claim 10, said encoder further including,

an A/D converter, converting an analog video signal to the digital video signal, and

an error correction encoder, adding error correction codes, for correcting transmission errors, to a compressed signal from said high-efficiency code encoder.

12. The video information apparatus of claim 11, said recorder including,

a modulator, receiving and modulating the compressed signal with error correction codes from said error correction encoder to produce a modulated record signal, and

recording heads, recording the modulated record signal on a magnetic tape.

13. The video information apparatus of claim 10, wherein said high efficiency encoder encodes the digital video signal without interplane prediction and encodes the prediction difference signal with interplane prediction.

14. The video information apparatus of claim 13, wherein said high efficiency encoder encodes the digital video signal without interplane prediction by orthogonally transforming, quantizing, and variable length encoding the digital video signal.

15. The video information apparatus of claim 13, wherein said high efficiency encoder encodes the prediction digital signal using interplane prediction by orthogonally transforming, quantizing, and variable length encoding the prediction difference signal, which is a difference between subsequent fields or frames of the digital video signal.

16. The video information apparatus of claim 10, said high efficiency code encoder including,

a local decoder, providing a prediction signal, and

a subtractor, subtracting the prediction signal from the digital video signal to produce the prediction difference signal.

17. The video information apparatus of claim 16, said local decoder including,

an inverse processing circuit, for inverse quantizing and inverse orthogonally transforming a processed signal to reproduce the digital video signal, and

a motion compensating circuit, producing the prediction signal based a difference between the digital video signal from said encoder and the reproduced digital video signal from said inverse processing circuit.

18. The video information apparatus of claim 16, said high efficiency code encoder, further including,

a switch, selecting either the digital video signal or the prediction difference signal,

a processing circuit, orthogonally transforming and quantizing the selected signal to produce the processed signal, and

a variable length encoder, encoding the processed signal to produce a compressed signal.

19. The video information apparatus of claim 6, further comprising:

a reproducing device, including

a reproducer, reproducing the plurality of fields or frames as the one recording unit in the plurality of tracks; and

a decoder, decoding the plurality of fields or frames.

20. The video information apparatus of claim 19, wherein a number of the plurality of tracks depends on an amount of information contained in the plurality of fields or frames.

21. The video information apparatus of claim 19, wherein said decoder decodes some of the plurality of fields or frames with interplane prediction and others of the plurality of fields or frames without interplane prediction.

22. The video information apparatus of claim 21, wherein a first of said plurality of fields or frames is encoded by said encoder without interplane prediction.

23. The video information apparatus of claim 19, said reproducer including,

reproducing heads, reproducing a modulated record signal on a magnetic tape, and

a demodulator, demodulating the modulated reproduced signal, recorded on the magnetic tape.

24. The video information apparatus of claim 23, said decoder including,

an error correction decoder, decoding a demodulated signal from said demodulator,

a high-efficiency code decoder, decoding an error corrected signal from said error correction decoder to reproduce the digital video signal, and

a D/A converter, converting the reproduced digital video signal to a reproduced analog signal.

25. The video information apparatus of claim 19, wherein a number of the plurality of fields or frames is not an integral multiple of a number of the plurality of tracks.

26. The video information apparatus of claim 25, wherein the number of the plurality of fields or frames is four and the number of the plurality of tracks is one of six or ten.

27. The video information apparatus of claim 26, wherein said recorder records the plurality of fields or frames on the plurality of tracks of a magnetic tape using helical scanning recording.

28. The video information apparatus of claim 26, wherein said reproducer reproduces the plurality of fields or frames on the plurality of tracks of a magnetic tape using helical scanning reproducing.

29. A video information apparatus comprising:

a recording device, recording video information with helical scanning, wherein said recording device collects signals of a plurality of fields or frames in one recording unit, and records in one or more tracks selected from a predetermined number of tracks in accordance with an information amount to be recorded.

30. The video information apparatus of claim 29, wherein said recorder records the plurality of fields or frames on the plurality of tracks of a magnetic type using helical scanning recording.

31. The video information apparatus, of claim 29 said recording device, including

an encoder, encoding the digital video signal including a plurality of fields or frames;

and

a recorder, recording the plurality of fields or frames as the one recording unit in the plurality of tracks.

32. The video information apparatus of claim 31, said encoder including,

a high-efficiency code encoder, selecting the video signal or a prediction difference signal and encoding the selected signal.

33. The video information apparatus of claim 32, said encoder further including,

an A/D converter, converting an analog video signal to the digital video signal, and

an error correction encoder, adding error correction codes, for correcting transmission errors, to a compressed signal from said high-efficiency code encoder.

34. The video information apparatus of claim 33, said recorder including,

a modulator, receiving and modulating the compressed signal with error correction codes from said error correction encoder to produce a modulated record signal, and

recording heads, recording the modulated record signal on a magnetic tape.

35. The video information apparatus of claim 33, wherein said high efficiency encoder encodes the digital video signal without interplane prediction and encodes the prediction difference signal with interplane prediction.

36. The video information apparatus of claim 35, wherein said high efficiency encoder encodes the digital video signal without interplane prediction by orthogonally transforming, quantizing, and variable length encoding the digital video signal.

37. The video information apparatus of claim 35, wherein said high efficiency encoder encodes the prediction digital signal using interplane prediction by orthogonally transforming, quantizing, and variable length encoding the prediction difference signal, which is a difference between subsequent fields or frames of the digital video signal.

38. The video information apparatus of claim 32, said high efficiency code encoder including,

a local decoder, providing a prediction signal, and

a subtractor, subtracting the prediction signal from the digital video signal to produce the prediction difference signal.

39. The video information apparatus of claim 38, said local decoder including,

an inverse processing circuit, for inverse quantizing and inverse orthogonally transforming a processed signal to reproduce the digital video signal, and

a motion compensating circuit, producing the prediction signal based a difference between the digital video signal from said encoder and the reproduced digital video signal from said inverse processing circuit.

40. The video information apparatus of claim 38, said high efficiency code encoder, further including,

a switch, selecting either the digital video signal or the prediction difference signal,

a processing circuit, orthogonally transforming and quantizing the selected signal to produce the processed signal, and

a variable length encoder, encoding the processed signal to produce a compressed signal.

41. The video information apparatus of claim 29, wherein an information amount of one field or frame in the one recording unit is not an integral multiple of an information amount recordable in one of the predetermined number of tracks.

42. The video information apparatus of claim 41, wherein, in the signals of a plurality of fields or frames, said recording device mixes an intra-field or intra-frame in which interplane prediction is not used and a prediction-field or prediction frame in which interplane prediction is used.

43. The video information apparatus of claim 41, wherein the number of the plurality of fields or frames is four and the number of the plurality of tracks is one of six or ten.

44. The video information apparatus of claim 43, wherein a number of the plurality of tracks depends on an amount of information contained in the plurality of fields or frames.

45. The video information of claim 43, wherein said encoder encodes some of the plurality of fields or frames with interplane prediction and others of the plurality of fields or frames without interplane prediction.

46. The video information apparatus of claim 45, wherein a first of said plurality of fields or frames is encoded by said encoder without interplane prediction.

47. The video information apparatus of claim 43, further comprising:

a reproducing device, including

a reproducer, reproducing the plurality of fields or frames as the one recording unit in the plurality of tracks; and

a decoder, decoding the plurality of fields or frames.

48. The video information apparatus of claim 47, wherein said recorder records the plurality of fields or frames on the plurality of tracks of a magnetic tape using helical scanning recording.

49. The video information apparatus of claim 47, wherein said reproducer reproduces the plurality of fields or frames on the plurality of tracks of a magnetic tape using helical scanning reproducing.

50. The video information apparatus of claim 47, wherein a number of the plurality of tracks depends on an amount of information contained in the plurality of fields or frames.

51. The video information apparatus of claim 47, wherein a number of the plurality of fields or frames is not an integral multiple of a number of the plurality of tracks.

52. The video information apparatus of claim 51, wherein the number of the plurality of fields or frames is four and the number of the plurality of tracks is one of six or ten.

53. The video information apparatus of claim 47, wherein said decoder decodes some of the plurality of fields or frames with interplane prediction and others of the plurality of fields or frames without interplane prediction.

54. The video information apparatus of claim 53, wherein a first of said plurality of fields or frames is encoded by said encoder without interplane prediction.

55. The video information apparatus of claim 47, said reproducer including,

reproducing heads, reproducing a modulated record signal on a magnetic tape, and

a demodulator, demodulating the modulated reproduced signal, recorded on the magnetic tape.

56. The video information apparatus of claim 55, said decoder including,

an error correction decoder, decoding a demodulated signal from said demodulator,

a high-efficiency code decoder, decoding an error corrected signal from said error correction decoder to reproduce the digital video signal, and

a D/A converter, converting the reproduced digital video signal to a reproduced analog signal.

57. A video information apparatus, comprising:

a recording device, including

an encoder, encoding a digital video signal including a plurality of fields or frames; and

a recorder, recording the plurality of fields or frames as one recording unit in a plurality of tracks.

58. The video information apparatus of claim 57, wherein a number of the plurality of fields or frames is not an integral multiple of a number of the plurality of tracks.

59. The video information apparatus of claim 58, wherein the number of the plurality of fields or frames is four and the number of the plurality of tracks is one of six or ten.

60. The video information apparatus of claim 57, wherein said recorder records the plurality of fields or frames on the plurality of tracks of a magnetic type using helical scanning recording.

61. The video information apparatus of claim 57, wherein a number of the plurality of tracks depends on an amount of information contained in the plurality of fields or frames.

62. The video information of claim 57, wherein said encoder encodes some of the plurality of fields or frames with interplane prediction and others of the plurality of fields or frames without interplane prediction.

63. The video information apparatus of claim 62, wherein a first of said plurality of fields or frames is encoded by said encoder without interplane prediction.

64. The video information apparatus of claim 57, said encoder including,

a high-efficiency code encoder, selecting the video signal or a prediction difference signal and encoding the selected signal.

65. The video information apparatus of claim 64, said encoder further including,

an A/D converter, converting an analog video signal to the digital video signal, and

an error correction encoder, adding error correction codes, for correcting transmission errors, to a compressed signal from said high-efficiency code encoder.

66. The video information apparatus of claim 65, said recorder including,

a modulator, receiving and modulating the compressed signal with error correction codes from said error correction encoder to produce a modulated record signal, and

recording heads, recording the modulated record signal on a magnetic tape.

67. The video information apparatus of claim 64, wherein said high efficiency encoder encodes the digital video signal without interplane prediction and encodes the prediction difference signal with interplane prediction.

68. The video information apparatus of claim 67, wherein said high efficiency encoder encodes the digital video signal without interplane prediction by orthogonally transforming, quantizing, and variable length encoding the digital video signal.

69. The video information apparatus of claim 67, wherein said high efficiency encoder encodes the prediction digital signal using interplane prediction by orthogonally transforming, quantizing, and variable length encoding the prediction difference signal, which is a difference between subsequent fields or frames of the digital video signal.

70. The video information apparatus of claim 64, said high efficiency code encoder including,

a local decoder, providing a prediction signal, and

a subtractor, subtracting the prediction signal from the digital video signal to produce the prediction difference signal.

71. The video information apparatus of claim 70, said local decoder including,

an inverse processing circuit, for inverse quantizing and inverse orthogonally transforming a processed signal to reproduce the digital video signal, and

a motion compensating circuit, producing the prediction signal based a difference between the digital video signal from said encoder and the reproduced digital video signal from said inverse processing circuit.

72. The video information apparatus of claim 70, said high efficiency code encoder, further including,

a switch, selecting either the digital video signal or the prediction difference signal,

a processing circuit, orthogonally transforming and quantizing the selected signal to produce the processed signal, and

a variable length encoder, encoding the processed signal to produce a compressed signal.

73. The video information apparatus of claim 57, further comprising:

a reproducing device, including

a reproducer, reproducing the plurality of fields or frames as the one recording unit in the plurality of tracks; and

a decoder, decoding the plurality of fields or frames.

74. The video information apparatus of claim 73, wherein said recorder records the plurality of fields or frames on the plurality of tracks of a magnetic tape using helical scanning recording.

75. The video information apparatus of claim 73, wherein said reproducer reproduces the plurality of fields or frames on the plurality of tracks of a magnetic tape using helical scanning reproducing.

76. The video information apparatus of claim 73, wherein a number of the plurality of tracks depends on an amount of information contained in the plurality of fields or frames.

77. The video information apparatus of claim 73, wherein a number of the plurality of fields or frames is not an integral multiple of a number of the plurality of tracks.

78. The video information apparatus of claim 77, wherein the number of the plurality of fields or frames is four and the number of the plurality of tracks is one of six or ten.

79. The video information apparatus of claim 73, wherein said decoder decodes some of the plurality of fields or frames with interplane prediction and others of the plurality of fields or frames without interplane prediction.

80. The video information apparatus of claim 79, wherein a first of said plurality of fields or frames is encoded by said encoder without interplane prediction.

81. The video information apparatus of claim 73, said reproducer including,

reproducing heads, reproducing a modulated recording signal on a magnetic tape, and

a demodulator, demodulating the modulated reproduced signal, recorded on the magnetic tape.

82. The video information apparatus of claim 81, said decoder including,

an error correction decoder, decoding a demodulated signal from said demodulator,

a high-efficiency code decoder, decoding an error corrected signal from said error correction decoder to reproduce the digital video signal, and

a D/A converter, converting the reproduced digital video signal to a reproduced analog signal.