Controller for electric vehicle

• US 5,481,460 A
• Filed: 06/03/1992
• Issued: 01/02/1996
• Est. Priority Date: 10/03/1990
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Hitachi Automotive Engineering Company Limited (Hitachi, Ltd.), Hitachi, Ltd.
• Original Assignee: Hitachi Automotive Engineering Company Limited (Hitachi, Ltd.), Hitachi, Ltd.
• Inventors: Yamada, Hiroyuki, Suzuki, Toshio, Inoue, Nobuo, Masaki, Ryoso, Morinaga, Shigeki, Tahara, Kazuo, Yamamura, Hirohisa, Kajiwara, Kenzo
• Primary Examiner(s): NOT, DEFINED
• Assistant Examiner(s): NOT, DEFINED
• Application Number:
  US07/867,232
• Time in Patent Office: 1,308 Days
• Field of Search: 318/139, 318/587, 318/811, 318/161, 318/52, 318/135, 364/426.01
• US Class Current: 701/50
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2250/30 by voice
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 3/00 Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells B60L58/00
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 3/003 relating to inverters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 3/0061 relating to electrical machines
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 3/102 of individual wheels
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/51 characterised by AC-motors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/64 Electric machine technologies in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Abstract

The present invention relates to a controller for an electric vehicle in which right and left drive wheels are respectively driven by drive motors which are individually provided. The controller for an electric vehicle comprises motors for driving right and left wheels, means for detecting rotating speeds or rotation torques of the wheels, and a facility for taking a rotation deviation between output signals from the detection means close to zero. As a result, the vehicle is always operated in safety.

Claims

1. A controller for an electric vehicle having a right-hand side motor for driving a right-hand wheel, a right-hand side current supply means for supplying driving current to said right-hand side motor, a left-hand side motor for driving a left-hand side wheel, a left-hand side current supply means for supplying driving current to said left-hand side motor, and control means for controlling said right-hand side current supply means and said left-hand side current supply means, wherein said control means comprises:

means for detecting an abnormality in the operation of said right-hand side current supply means and left-hand side current supply means;

means for controlling a current supply means, which has been detected to be abnormal, so that driving current is not supplied to said motor driven by the abnormal current supply means, when one of said current supply means is detected as being abnormal;

switching means for connecting the outputs of said right-hand side current supply means and left-hand side current supply means; and

means for activating said switching means to connect the output of a normal operating current supply means to the motor driven by an abnormally operating current supply means in response to detection of abnormal operation of one of said current supply means by said detecting means.

2. A controller for an electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein said control means further comprises means for controlling the motor driven by a normally operating current supply means so as to keep a speed difference between the right-hand side and left-hand side wheels within a predetermined value when another current supply means has been detected as being abnormal, and wherein said switching means is activated when said speed difference becomes within said predetermined value.

3. A controller for an electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein said control means further comprises means for reducing the speed difference between said right-hand side wheel and left-hand side wheel by controlling a current supply means which has not been detected as being abnormal, when one of said current supply means has been detected as being abnormal.

4. A controller for an electric vehicle having a right-hand side motor for driving a right-hand wheel of the vehicle, a right-hand side current supply means for supplying driving current to said right-hand side motor, a left-hand side motor for driving a left-hand side wheel of the vehicle, a left-hand side current supply means for supplying driving current to said left-hand side motor, and control means for controlling said right-hand side current supply means and said left-hand side current supply means, wherein said control means comprises:

means for detecting an abnormality in the operation of said right-hand side current supply means and left-hand side current supply means;

means for controlling a current supply means, which has been detected to be abnormal, so that driving current is not supplied to the motor driven by the abnormal current supply means, when one of said current supply means is detected as being abnormal;

means for determining maximum acceleration of the motor or maximum driving force of the wheel, which maximum acceleration and maximum driving force causes a rotational moment which results in a turning of the vehicle around a vertical axis passing through a center of gravity of the vehicle; and

means for controlling a current supply means which is not detected as being abnormal so as to keep the acceleration of the motor or the driving force of the wheel at a value lower than said maximum acceleration or said maximum driving force, when one of said current supply means is detected as being abnormal.

5. A controller for an electric vehicle according to claim 4, wherein said control means further comprises:

means for detecting a present steering angle of the vehicle; and

means for determining said maximum driving force according to a detected present steering angle.

6. A controller for an electric vehicle according to claim 4, wherein said control means further comprises means for reducing the speed difference between said right-hand side wheel and left-hand side wheel by controlling a current supply means which has not been detected as being abnormal, when one of said current supply means has been detected as being abnormal.

7. A controller for an electric vehicle according to claim 6, wherein said control means further comprises:

breaker means capable of disconnecting said motors from a current supply means which has been detected to be abnormal; and

voltage absorbing means for absorbing a voltage generated in a motor which has been disconnected from an abnormal current supply means by said breaker means.

8. A controller for an electric vehicle according to claim 6, wherein said control means further comprises:

clutch means having a right side clutch coupling said right-hand side motor and said right wheel together and a left side clutch coupling said left-hand side motor and said left wheel together; and

means for activating the right side clutch or left side clutch connected to a motor energized by a current supply means which has been detected to be abnormal so as to disengage that motor from the wheel it is driving.

9. A controller for an electric vehicle according to claim 6, wherein said control means further comprises a plurality of microprocessors which control said right-hand side current supply means and left-hand side current supply means, respectively, each of said microprocessors including means for monitoring normal operation of another one of said microprocessors and means for stopping the vehicle running when said monitoring means detects abnormal operation of another microprocessor.

10. A controller for an electric vehicle according to claim 4, wherein said control means further comprises switching means for connecting the outputs of said right-hand side current supply means and left-hand side current supply means, and means for activating said switching means to connect the output of a normal operating current supply means to the motor driven by an abnormality operating current supply means in response to detection of abnormal operation of one of said current supply means by said detecting means.

11. A controller for an electric vehicle according to claim 10, wherein said control means further comprises means for controlling the motor driven by normally operating current supply means so as to keep a speed difference between the right-hand side and left-hand side wheels within a predetermined value when another current supply means has been detected as being abnormal, and wherein said switching means is activated when said speed difference becomes within said predetermined value.

12. A controller for an electric vehicle according to claim 10, wherein after said switching means is activated, said motor is controlled to reduce the vehicle speed until the vehicle stops.

13. A controller for an electric vehicle according to claim 10, wherein said control means further comprises means for limiting the maximum speed of the vehicle to a speed lower than a rated maximum speed of the vehicle operating under normal conditions.

14. A controller for an electric vehicle having plural motors for driving respective tires of said vehicle independently of one another, plural power conversion means for supplying electric power to said motors, detection means for detecting a state of said vehicle, and control means for calculating a speed control so as to follow speed commands for said motors calculated on the basis of a signal from said detection signal to output voltage commands to said power conversion means, respectively, said controller comprising:

connection means capable of opening and closing switching means for connecting individual output lines of said power conversion means to one another in response to output signals from said control means,

wherein when said control means judges that some power conversion means out of said power conversion means perform respective operations different from the output voltage commands therefor, the output lines of the power conversion means of interest are connected to one another using said connection means in such a way that each of the connected motors which have been driven by the power conversion means of interest is driven by said power conversion means other than the power conversion of interest,

wherein, when said control means judges that one of said power conversion means are out of order, after control is performed in such a way that a difference between a speed of each of said motors driven by said power conversion means, other than the one power conversion means, and a speed of each of the connected motors becomes within a predetermined value, said motors are controlled by said available power conversion means using said switching means.

15. A controller for an electric vehicle having plural motors for driving respective tires of said vehicle independently of one another, plural power conversion means for supplying electric power to said motors, detection means for detecting a state of said vehicle, and control means for calculating a speed control so as to follow speed commands for said motors calculated on the basis of a signal from said detection signal to output voltage commands to said power conversion means, respectively, said controller comprising:

connection means capable of opening and closing switching means for connecting individual output lines of said power conversion means to one another in response to output signals from said control means,

wherein when said control means judges that some power conversion means out of said power conversion means perform respective operations different from the output voltage commands therefor, the output lines of the power conversion means of interest are connected to one another using said connection means in such a way that each of the connected motors which have been driven by the power conversion means of interest is driven by said power conversion means other than the power conversion of interest,

wherein after the output lines of the power conversion means are connected to one another using said connection means, the maximum velocity at which said vehicle can travel is set to a value less than a rated maximum velocity.