Direct demodulation in ultrasound instruments

• US 5,482,044 A
• Filed: 01/14/1992
• Issued: 01/09/1996
• Est. Priority Date: 01/14/1992
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Diasonics, Inc. (General Electric Company)
• Original Assignee: Diasonics Ultrasound, Inc. (IDB Holding Corporation Limited)
• Inventors: Scheib, John P., Lin, Sheng-Tz
• Primary Examiner(s): JAWORSKI, FRANCIS J
• Application Number:
  US07/820,496
• Time in Patent Office: 1,456 Days
• Field of Search: 128/660.06-660.07, 73/661.01, 73/625-626, 329/341-343, 341/122
• US Class Current: 600/453
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 15/8979 Combined Doppler and pulse-echo imaging systems
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 7/52025 for pulse systems G01S7/52034 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 7/52028 using digital techniques
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 7/52034 Data rate converters
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 7/5206 Two-dimensional coordinated display of distance and direction; B-scan display

Abstract

A direct digital demodulator for demodulating ultrasound signals. The demodulator includes a baseband demodulator, a magnitude and differential phase generator, and a Doppler preprocessor. The demodulator further includes an interface for receiving a signal from an analog front end. The baseband demodulator utilizes a Hilbert transform to convert received ultrasound signals into analytic signals. The present invention compensates phase and frequency of the analytic signal in order to process the signal. The phase information in the signal is then extracted.

Claims

1. A real-time ultrasonic imaging apparatus comprising:

transmission means for transmitting and receiving ultrasonic sound, said transmission means generating a modulated signal in response to the received ultrasonic sound;

demodulation means for receiving said modulated signal and detecting phase information along the path of said modulated signal, said demodulation means generating a phase information signal representing phase change in the spatial domain of said modulated signal; and

display means coupled to said demodulation means for displaying said phase information in response to said phase information signal to depict the phase information by a graphical representation on a display.

2. The ultrasonic imaging apparatus as defined in claim 1 wherein said demodulation means performs phase and frequency compensation.

3. The ultrasonic imaging apparatus as in claim 1, wherein said modulated signal comprises an analog signal, and wherein said imaging apparatus further includes interface means coupled to said transmission means comprising:

filter means for receiving said modulated signal and eliminating the DC component of said modulated signal; and

an analog-to-digital conversion means for receiving said modulated signal from said filter means and digitizing said modulated signal, such that said demodulation means receives said digitized modulated signal.

4. The ultrasonic imaging apparatus as in claim 1, wherein said demodulation means includes a coordinate transform means for extracting said phase information from said phase information signal.

5. The apparatus defined in claim 1 wherein the demodulation means comprises processing logic to process the phase information into phase data suitable for display on a display.

6. The imaging apparatus defined in claim 1 wherein the demodulation means generates the phase information signal by generating a phase difference between successive samples of said modulated signal.

7. A real-time ultrasonic imaging apparatus comprising:

transmission means for transmitting and receiving ultrasonic sound, said transmission means generating a modulated signal in response to the received ultrasonic sound;

digital demodulation means for receiving said modulated signal and detecting phase information along the path of said modulated signal that represents a phase difference between successive samples of said modulated signal, said transmission means generating a phase information signal representing said phase information in said modulated signal, wherein said demodulation means comprises

transform means for converting said modulated signal into an analytic signal; and

compensation means coupled to said transform means and responsive to said analytic signal, said compensation means for reducing distortion in said analytic signal, wherein said analytic signal contains said phase information; and

display means coupled to said demodulation means for displaying said phase information in response to said compensated analytic signal to depict the phase information by a graphical representation on a display using said compensated analytic signal.

8. A real-time ultrasonic imaging apparatus comprising:

transmission means for transmitting and receiving ultrasonic sound, said transmission means generating a modulated signal in response to the received ultrasonic sound;

demodulation means for receiving said modulated signal and detecting phase information in said modulated signal, said demodulation means generating a phase information signal representing phase change in the spatial domain of said modulated signal, wherein said demodulation means comprises

transform means for converting said modulated signal into an analytic signal; and

shifting means coupled to said transform means and responsive to said analytic signal, said shifting means for shifting said analytic signal to an analytic baseband signal; and

display means coupled to said demodulation means for displaying said phase information in response to said phase information signal.

9. The ultrasonic imaging apparatus as defined in claim 8 wherein said transform means performs a Hilbert transform.

10. The ultrasonic imaging apparatus as defined in claim 9 wherein said transform means comprises a complex bandpass finite impulse response digital filter.

11. The imaging apparatus defined in claim 8 wherein the demodulation means generates the phase information signal by generating a phase difference between successive samples of said modulated signal.

12. A real-time ultrasonic imaging apparatus comprising;

transmission means for transmitting and receiving ultrasonic sound, said transmission means generating a modulated signal in response to the received ultrasonic sound;

.

demodulation means for receiving said modulated signal and detecting phase information in said modulated signal, said demodulation means generating a phase information signal representing said phase information in said modulated signal, wherein said demodulation means comprises

transform means for converting said modulated signal into an analytic signal;

shifting means coupled to said transform means and responsive to said analytic signal, wherein said shifting means comprises

mixer means for shifting said analytic signal to an analytic baseband signal; and

rotation means coupled to said mixer means and responsive to said analytic baseband signal, said rotation means for arbitrarily shifting the frequency of said analytic baseband signal;

display means coupled to said demodulation means for displaying said phase information in response to said phase information signal.

13. The ultrasonic imaging apparatus as defined in claim 12 further comprising user interface means for controlling said rotation means, such that said baseband signal is shifted manually.

14. The ultrasonic imaging apparatus as defined by claim 12 wherein said mixer means comprises a mixer.

15. The ultrasonic imaging apparatus as defined in claim 12 wherein said rotation means comprises:

oscillator generation means for providing a tuning local oscillator, wherein said tuning oscillator is subject to phase and frequency modifications; and

a rotator coupled to said oscillator for shifting said baseband signal in response to said phase and frequency modifications of said local oscillator.

16. A real-time ultrasonic imaging apparatus comprising:

transmission means for transmitting and receiving ultrasonic sound, said transmission means generating a modulated signal in response to the received ultrasonic sound, said modulated signal containing phase information;

transform means coupled to said transmission means for converting said modulated signal into an analytic signal;

compensation means coupled to said transform means and responsive to said analytic signal, said compensation means for minimizing distortion in said analytic signal, wherein said analytic signal contains said phase information to be displayed

phase detection means coupled to said compensation means for receiving said analytic signal from said compensation means, said phase detection means for extracting said phase information along the path of said analytic signal and generating a phase information signal depicting said phase information; and

display means coupled to said phase detection means for displaying said phase information is response to said phase information signal.

17. The ultrasonic imaging apparatus as detailed in claim 16 wherein said phase detection means comprises:

coordinate transform means for translating said analytic signal from rectangular coordinates to polar coordinates, such that the phase information for said analytic signal is extracted; and

differential phase generation means for receiving said phase information from said coordinate transform means and determining the difference in said phase information between successive samples of said analytic signal, such that said display means displays said phase information difference.

18. The ultrasonic imaging apparatus as defined in claim 17 wherein said phase detection means further comprises phase discrimination means for receiving said phase information and placing said phase information difference to a predetermined value when said magnitude of said analytic signal is below a predetermined level.

19. The ultrasonic imaging apparatus as defined in claim 18 wherein said predetermined valve is zero, such that said phase discrimination means ignores said phase information when said magnitude as below a said predetermined level.

20. A real-time ultrasonic imaging apparatus comprising:

a receiver generating a modulated signal in response to received ultrasonic waves;

a demodulator coupled to the receiver to receive the modulated signal, when the demodulator comprises a baseband demodulation that convert the modulated signal into an analytic signal and a phase generator that performs phase and frequency equalization on the analytic signal and generates a phase information signal indicative of phase change in the spatial domain corresponding to the modulated signal in response to the analytic signal; and

a display coupled to said demodulator for displaying said phase information in response to said phase information signal.

21. The apparatus defined in claim 20 wherein the demodulator uses a Hilbert transform to transform the modulated signal into the analytic signal.

22. A real-time ultrasonic imaging apparatus comprising:

a receiver generating a modulated signal in response to received ultrasonic waves;

a demodulator coupled to the receiver to receive the modulated signal and detect phase information in the modulated signal, wherein the demodulator converts the modulated signal into an analytic signal using an RF band digital Hilbert Transform and generates a phase information signal indicative of phase change in the spatial domain corresponding to the modulated signal in response to the analytic signal; and

a display coupled to said demodulator for displaying said phase information in response to said phase information signal.

23. The apparatus defined in claim 22 wherein the demodulator comprises a finite impulse response filter to perform the Hilbert Transform.

24. The apparatus defined in claim 22 wherein the demodulator comprises an infinite impulse response filter to perform the Hilbert Transform.

25. A method for displaying information in an ultrasound system comprising the steps of:

generating a modulated signal in response to received ultrasound waves;

converting the modulated signal into an analytic signal;

generating a phase information signal from the analytic signal by generating a phase difference between successive samples of said modulated signal to represent phase change in the spatial domain of said modulated signal;

display a phase map containing phase information from the phase information signal.

26. The method defined in claim 25 further comprising the step of deriving amplitude and phase information from the analytic signal.

27. The method defined in claim 25 further comprising the step of extracting phase and amplitude information from the analytic signal using a digital coordinate transform, such that the analytic signal is transformed from rectangular to polar coordinates.

28. The method defined in claim 25 comprising the step of extracting phase and amplitude information from the analytic signal, wherein the phase information is extracted by generating the phase difference between successive samples of the modulated signal.

29. A real-time ultrasonic imaging apparatus comprising:

a receiver generating a modulated signal in response to received ultrasonic waves;

a demodulator coupled to the receiver to receive the modulated signal and generates an analytic signal in response to the modulated signal;

a phase generator coupled to the demodulator for generating a phase information signal indicative of phase information in the modulated signal in response to the analytic signal, and wherein the phase generator processes the phase information signal into phase map data illustrative of a phase difference between successive samples of said modulated signal; and

a display coupled to said demodulator for displaying said phase information as a phase map in response to said phase map data.

30. A real-time ultrasonic imaging apparatus comprising:

a transmitter transmitting and receiving ultrasonic sound, said transmitter generating a modulated signal in response to the received ultrasonic sound, said modulated signal containing phase information;

a transformer coupled to said transmitter to convert said modulated signal into an analytic signal;

a compensator coupled to said transformer and responsive to said analytic signal, said compensator reducing distortion in said analytic signal, wherein said analytic signal contains said phase information;

a phase detector coupled to said compensator, said phase detector receiving said analytic signal from said compensator and extracting said phase information along the path of said analytic signal to generate a phase information signal depicting said phase information; and

a display coupled to said phase detector, said display displaying said phase information is response to said phase information signal.

31. The ultrasonic imaging apparatus detailed in claim 30 wherein said phase detector comprises:

a coordinate transformer translating said analytic signal from rectangular coordinates to polar coordinates, such that the phase information for said analytic signal is extracted; and

a differential phase generator receiving said phase information from said coordinate transform means and determining the difference in said phase information between successive samples of said analytic signal, such that said display displays said phase information difference.

32. The ultrasonic imaging apparatus defined in claim 31 wherein said phase detector further comprises phase discriminator to receive said phase information and to place said phase information difference to a predetermined value when said magnitude of said analytic signal is below a predetermined level.

33. The apparatus defined in claim 32 wherein the compensator minimizes distortion in said analytic signal.