System for animal evaluation through image acquisition

• US 5,483,441 A
• Filed: 05/06/1994
• Issued: 01/09/1996
• Est. Priority Date: 08/30/1991
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Destron Fearing Corporation (Merck & Co., Inc.), GT Acquisition SUB Incorporated (Merck & Co., Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Uniform Scanner Data Analysis, Inc.
• Inventors: Scofield, Wayne W.
• Primary Examiner(s): Hayes, Gail O.
• Assistant Examiner(s): VERDUN, HAYWARD AUBRY
• Application Number:
  US08/238,979
• Time in Patent Office: 613 Days
• Field of Search: 364/413.13, 358/93, 358/107, 358/106, 382/6, 395/100, 356/141.5, 356/141.4, 356/385, 356/390
• US Class Current: 700/90
• CPC Class Codes: A01K 1/0613 Devices for immobilisation or restraint of animals, e.g. chutes pens for animals while being shod A01L13/00; appliances for supporting or fettering animals for operative purposes A61D3/00
• CPC Class Codes: A01K 29/005 Monitoring or measuring activity, e.g. detecting heat or mating
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 2207/10012 Stereo images
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 2207/30128 Food products
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 7/60 Analysis of geometric attributes

Abstract

The present invention evaluates an animal to determine characteristics or traits thereof. The invention evaluates the animal as it moves through first and second scenes that correspond to different first and second fields of view.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating changeable configuration bodies with each such body during its evaluation moving through first and second scenes, corresponding to differing first and second fields of view, in each of which changes occur in configuration of that body during such movement, said method comprising:

acquiring a first scene evaluation image representation of an image of said first scene at a selected time during movement of a body undergoing evaluation simultaneously through said first and second scenes, there being a body image portion corresponding to that body in said first scene image and a remainder image portion in said first scene image corresponding to those portions of said first scene image remaining after excluding said body image portion therefrom;

acquiring a second scene evaluation image representation of an image of said second scene substantially at said selected time during said movement of said body, there being a body image portion corresponding to that body in said second scene image and a remainder image portion in said second scene image corresponding to those portions of said second scene image remaining after excluding said body image portion therefrom;

constructing from said first scene evaluation image representation a first scene evaluation image segregation representation segregating therein portions thereof corresponding to at least part of said first scene image body image portion from portions thereof corresponding to said first scene image remainder image portion;

constructing from said second scene evaluation image representation a first scene evaluation image segregation representation segregating therein portions thereof corresponding to at least part of said second scene image body image portion from portions thereof corresponding to said second scene image remainder image portion; and

ascertaining a value of at least one selected parameter from said first and second scene evaluation image segregation representations.

2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said first and second fields of view are directed substantially orthogonal to one another.

3. The method of claim 1 wherein said ascertaining a value of a selected parameter comprises determining a value for a parameter of a body undergoing evaluation selected from among that body'"'"'s length, width and height.

4. The method of claim 1 wherein said acquiring of said first scene evaluation image representation at said selected time during movement of a body undergoing evaluation has said selected time selected by detecting said body undergoing evaluation having reached a selected location in said first and second scenes.

5. The method of claim 1 wherein said constructing of said first scene evaluation image segregation representation further comprises acquiring a first scene background image representation of an image of said first scene absent any body moving through said first scene, and wherein said constructing of said second scene evaluation image segregation representation further comprises acquiring a second scene background image representation of an image of said second scene absent any body moving through said second scene.

8. The method of claim 1 further comprising locating in each of said first and second scene evaluation image representations a separation location between at least part of said animal image portion thereof and at least part of said remainder image portion thereof.

9. The method of claim 1 wherein said acquiring of said first and second scene evaluation image representations at substantially said selected time is initiated by detecting said animal having reached a selected location in moving through said first and second scenes.

6. A changeable configuration body evaluation system for evaluating changeable configuration bodies with each such body during its evaluation moving through first and second scenes, corresponding to differing first and second fields of view, in each of which changes occur in configuration of that body during such movement, said system comprising:

an image acquisition means for acquiring a first scene evaluation image representation of an image of said first scene at a selected time during movement of a body undergoing evaluation simultaneously through said first and second scenes, there being a body image portion corresponding to that body in said first scene image and a remainder image portion in said first scene image corresponding to those portions of said first scene image remaining after excluding said body image portion therefrom, and further for acquiring a second scene evaluation image representation of an image of said second scene substantially at said selected time during said movement of said body, there being a body image portion corresponding to that body in said second scene image and a remainder image portion in said second scene image corresponding to those portions of said second scene image remaining after excluding said body image portion therefrom; and

a storage and computing means for constructing from said first scene evaluation image representation a first scene evaluation image segregation representation segregating therein portions thereof corresponding to said first scene image body image portion and said first scene image remainder image portion, and for constructing from said second scene evaluation image representation a second scene evaluation image segregation representation segregating therein portions thereof corresponding to said second scene image body image portion and said second scene image remainder image portion, and further ascertaining a value of at least one selected parameter from said first and second scene evaluation image segregation representations.

7. A method for evaluating animals with each such animal during its evaluation moving through first and second scenes corresponding to differing first and second fields of view, said method comprising:

acquiring a first scene evaluation image representation of an image of said first scene at a selected time during movement of an animal undergoing evaluation simultaneously through said first and second scenes, there being an animal image portion corresponding to that animal in said first scene image and a remainder image portion in said first scene image corresponding to those portions of said first scene image remaining after excluding said animal image portion therefrom;

acquiring a second scene evaluation image representation of an image of said second scene substantially at said selected time during said movement of said animal, there being an animal image portion corresponding to that animal in said second scene image and a remainder image portion in said second scene image corresponding to those portions of said second scene image remaining after excluding said animal image portion therefrom; and

locating in at least one of said first and second scene evaluation image representations a separation location between at least part of said animal image portion thereof and at least part of said remainder image portion thereof.

10. A method for evaluating animals with each such animal during its evaluation moving through a first scene in a chute corresponding to a first field of view, said chute comprising first and second spaced apart side walls with said first side wall supporting a background surface in said first field of view having a visual appearance contrasting with visual appearances of said animals, said method comprising:

permitting an animal to be evaluated to move through said chute past said first side wall;

sensing that said animal reaching a selected position in said first scene so as to be obscuring a portion of said background surface in said first field of view; and

acquiring a first scene evaluation image representation of an image of said first scene in said first field of view at that time at which said animal is sensed to have reached said selected position during movement thereof through said first scene, there being an animal image portion corresponding to that animal in said first scene image and a remainder image portion in said first scene image corresponding to those portions of said first scene image remaining after excluding said animal image portion therefrom including a part thereof representing an uncovered portion of said background surface.

11. The method of claim 10 wherein said animal simultaneously moves through a second scene in said chute corresponding to a second field of view, and further comprises acquiring a second scene evaluation image representation of an image of said second scene in said first field of view at that time at which said animal is sensed to have reached said selected position during movement thereof through said first scene, there being an animal image portion corresponding to that animal in said second scene image and a remainder image portion in said second scene image corresponding to those portions of said second scene image remaining after excluding said animal image portion therefrom.

12. A method for evaluating animals with each such animal during its evaluation moving through first and second scenes corresponding to differing first and second fields of view, said method comprising:

acquiring a first scene evaluation image representation of an image of said first scene at a selected time during movement of an animal undergoing evaluation simultaneously through said first and second scenes, there being an animal image portion corresponding to that animal in said first scene image and a remainder image portion in said first scene image corresponding to those portions of said first scene image remaining after excluding said animal image portion therefrom;

acquiring a second scene evaluation image representation of an image of said second scene substantially at said selected time during said movement of said animal, there being an animal image portion corresponding to that animal in said second scene image and a remainder image portion in said second scene image corresponding to those portions of said second scene image remaining after excluding said animal image portion therefrom;

constructing from said first scene evaluation image representation a first scene evaluation image segregation representation segregating therein portions thereof corresponding to at least part of said first scene image animal image portion from portions thereof corresponding to said first scene image remainder image portion;

constructing from said second scene evaluation image representation a first scene evaluation image segregation representation segregating therein portions thereof corresponding to at least part of said second scene image animal image portion from portions thereof corresponding to said second scene image remainder image portion;

ascertaining values of a plurality of selected parameters from said first and second scene evaluation image segregation representations; and

forming selected animal indicia for said animal undergoing evaluation based on selected combinations of said plurality of selected parameters.

13. The method of claim 12 wherein said method further comprises estimating a value for a selected animal trait based on said selected animal indicia.

14. The method of claim 12 wherein said forming of selected animal indicia comprises calculating selected ratios of said values of said selected parameters.

15. The method of claim 12 wherein said ascertaining values of a plurality of selected parameters comprises determining values for those parameters of an animal undergoing evaluation selected from among that animal'"'"'s body length, shoulder width, rump width and rump height.

16. The method of claim 12 wherein said acquiring of said first scene evaluation image representation at said selected time during movement of an animal undergoing evaluation has said selected time selected by detecting said animal undergoing evaluation having reached a selected location in said first and second scenes.

17. The method of claim 12 wherein said constructing of said first scene evaluation image segregation representation further comprises acquiring a first scene background image representation of an image of said first scene absent any animal moving through said first scene, and wherein said constructing of said second scene evaluation image segregation representation further comprises acquiring a second scene background image representation of an image of said second scene absent any animal moving through said second scene.

18. The method of claim 12 wherein said acquiring of said first scene evaluation image representation at said selected time during movement of an animal undergoing evaluation is accomplished using a first video camera and a storage and computing means such that a binary representation is stored at least temporarily in said storage and computing means for each corresponding image pixel element in said first scene image sensed by a corresponding image sensing element in said first video camera, and wherein said acquiring of said second scene evaluation image representation at substantially said selected time during movement of an animal undergoing evaluation is accomplished using a second video camera and said storage and computing means such that a binary representation is stored at least temporarily in said storage and computing means for each corresponding image pixel element in said second scene image sensed by a corresponding image sensing element in said second video camera.

19. The method of claim 13 wherein said estimating of said value of said selected animal trait further comprises use of statistical parameters previously determined through performing said method for evaluating animals on other animals and also gauging values of said selected animal trait therefor.

20. The method of claim 15 wherein said forming selected animal indicia comprises calculating ratios selected from among a shoulder muscle-to-bone ratio determined by a ratio of said values of said shoulder width and rump height, a rump muscle-to-bone ratio determined by a ratio of said values of rump width and rump height, a musculoskeletal development per unit length ratio determined by a ratio of a value of a sum of said shoulder muscle-to-bone and rump muscle-to-bone ratios and said body length value, and a musculoskeletal development per unit height ratio determined by a ratio of a value of a sum of said shoulder muscle-to-bone and rump muscle-to-bone ratios and said rump height value.

21. The method of claim 17 wherein said constructing of said first scene evaluation image segregation representation further comprises comparing corresponding parts of said first scene evaluation image representation and said first scene background image representation and forming said first scene evaluation image segregation representation by assigning a first reference value to parts thereof if differences between corresponding parts of said first scene evaluation image representation and said first scene background image representation exceed corresponding selected values and a second reference value if such differences fail to exceed corresponding selected values, and wherein said constructing of said second scene evaluation image segregation representation further comprises comparing corresponding parts of said second scene evaluation image representation and said second scene background image representation and forming said second scene evaluation image segregation representation by assigning a third reference value to parts thereof if differences between corresponding parts of said second scene evaluation image representation and said second scene background image representation exceed corresponding selected values and a fourth reference value if such differences fail to exceed corresponding selected values.

22. The method of claim 19 wherein said ascertaining values of a plurality of selected parameters comprises determining values for those parameters of an animal undergoing evaluation selected from among that animal'"'"'s body length, shoulder width, rump width and rump height.

23. The method of claim 19 wherein separate sets of statistical parameters are used for each animal gender.

24. The method of claim 22 wherein said forming selected animal indicia comprises calculating ratios selected from among a shoulder muscle-to-bone ratio determined by a ratio of said values of said shoulder width and rump height, a rump muscle-to-bone ratio determined by a ratio of said values of rump width and rump height, a musculoskeletal development per unit length ratio determined by a ratio of a value of a sum of said shoulder muscle-to-bone and rump muscle-to-bone ratios and said body length value, and a musculoskeletal development per unit height ratio determined by a ratio of a value of a sum of said shoulder muscle-to-bone and rump muscle-to-bone ratios and said rump height value.

25. The method of claim 24 wherein said selected animal trait is selected from among quality of carcass meat, quantity of carcass meat, relative leanness of animal carcass, fertility and feed conversion efficiency.

26. An animal evaluation system for evaluating animals with each such animal during its evaluation moving through first and second scenes corresponding to differing first and second fields of view, said system comprising:

an image acquisition means for acquiring a first scene evaluation image representation of an image of said first scene at a selected time during movement of an animal undergoing evaluation simultaneously through said first and second scenes, there being an animal image portion corresponding to that animal in said first scene image and a remainder image portion in said first scene image corresponding to those portions of said first scene image remaining after excluding said animal image portion therefrom, and further for acquiring a second scene evaluation image representation of an image of said second scene substantially at said selected time during said movement of said animal, there being an animal image portion corresponding to that animal in said second scene image and a remainder image portion in said second scene image corresponding to those portions of said second scene image remaining after excluding said animal image portion therefrom; and

a storage and computing means for constructing from said first scene evaluation image representation a first scene evaluation image segregation representation segregating therein portions thereof corresponding to said first scene image animal image portion and said first scene image remainder image portion, and for constructing from said second scene evaluation image representation a second scene evaluation image segregation representation segregating therein portions thereof corresponding to said second scene image animal image portion and said second scene image remainder image portion, and further for ascertaining values of a plurality of selected parameters from said first and second scene evaluation image segregation representations and forming animal indicia for said animal undergoing evaluation based on said plurality of selected parameters.

27. The apparatus of claim 26 wherein an animal undergoing evaluation moving through said first and second scenes passes through a chute, said chute having an open top through which one of said fields of view is obtained, and further having a side wall with an opening therein through which that remaining one of said fields of view is obtained but only of a selected portion of said animal undergoing evaluation at said selected time.

28. The apparatus of claim 26 wherein said acquiring of said first scene evaluation image representation at said selected time during movement of an animal undergoing evaluation has said selected time selected by a detection means for detecting said animal undergoing evaluation having reached a selected location in said first and second scenes.

29. The apparatus of claim 26 wherein said image acquisition means comprises a first video camera such that a binary representation is stored at least temporarily in said storage and computing means for each corresponding image pixel element in said first scene image sensed by a corresponding image sensing element in said first video camera, and further comprises a second video camera such that a binary representation is stored at least temporarily in said storage and computing means for each corresponding image pixel element in said second scene image sensed by a corresponding image sensing element in said second video camera.

30. The apparatus of claim 29 wherein an animal undergoing evaluation moving through said first and second scenes passes through a chute means, said chute means having an open top through which one of said fields of view is obtained by said first video camera, and further having a side wall with an opening therein through which that remaining one of said fields of view is obtained by said second video camera but only of a selected portion of said animal undergoing evaluation at said selected time.

31. The apparatus of claim 30 wherein said acquiring of said first scene image representation at said selected time during movement of an animal undergoing evaluation has said selected time selected by a detection means positioned over said open top of said chute means and capable of detecting an animal undergoing evaluation having reached a selected location in said first and second scenes.