Modular air conditioning system

• US 5,485,878 A
• Filed: 03/23/1994
• Issued: 01/23/1996
• Est. Priority Date: 02/05/1993
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Bard Manufacturing Co.
• Original Assignee: Bard Manufacturing Co.
• Inventors: Derks, Irvin L.
• Primary Examiner(s): RIVELL, JOHN A
• Application Number:
  US08/216,334
• Time in Patent Office: 671 Days
• Field of Search: 165/16, 165/21, 165/48.1, 165/59, 165/137
• US Class Current: 165/248
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 13/20 Casings or covers
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 3/044 Systems in which all treatment is given in the central station, i.e. all-air systems

Abstract

A heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) system is disclosed which is capable of receiving interchangeable ventilation modules having varying degrees of air mixing abilities. A ventilation module fits inside the HVAC system and connects to a return air opening, an exhaust duct, an inlet air opening, and a supply air duct for proper routing of air to be conditioned. As ventilation needs change, a different module with appropriate ventilation characteristics can replace the existing module while keeping intact all other components of the HVAC system such as blowers, compressors, heaters, condensing coils and the like. Ventilation module functionality ranges from an economizer module which allows 100% outside air into a structure, to a motorized air damper module which can be controlled based on various factors such as room occupancy to provide a limited range of fresh and return air mixing, to a blank-off plate which completely prevents use of outdoor air thus leaving the system to condition return air only for supply to the structure. A ventilation module for efficient and economical system operation capable of energy transfer between incoming air and exhausted stale air from the structure is also provided, adaptable to various new or existing types of heating and cooling systems.

Claims

1. In a heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) system attachable to a structure, said structure having an interior and an exterior, said air conditioning system, comprising:

a) an elongate housing including;

1) a module receiving chamber inside said housing in communication externally and internally of said housing;

2) a return air opening in said housing in communication with said chamber and with said interior;

3) an air inlet opening in said housing in communication with said chamber and with said exterior;

4) an air exhaust duct in said housing in communication with said chamber and with said exterior for exhausting air from said interior to said exterior;

5) an air supply duct in said housing having a first end in communication with said chamber and a second end in communication with said interior to provide a conduit for passage of conditioned air from said ventilation system to said interior;

6) a ventilation module removably fastenable within said chamber, said ventilation module containing a damper for routing air through said return air opening, said air inlet opening, said air supply duct, and said air exhaust duct;

7) means for conditioning air within said air supply duct;

8) means for circulating air mounted in said air supply duct for drawing fresh air through said air inlet opening and said return air opening, through said chamber, through said air conditioning means, and out said second end of said air supply duct into said interior;

b) temperature responsive means; and

,

c) means for controlling said air circulating means and said conditioning air means, said control means receiving and processing signals from said temperature responsive means located in said structure or in said return air opening.

2. The HVAC system of claim 1 wherein said means for conditioning air further comprises a means for filtering air.

3. The HVAC system of claim 2 wherein said means for conditioning air further comprises a means for air dehumidification.

4. The HVAC system of claim 3 wherein said means for conditioning air further comprises a means for heating air.

5. The HVAC system of claim 4 wherein said means for heating air comprises a gas system.

6. The HVAC system of claim 4 wherein said means for conditioning air comprises a means for cooling air.

7. The HVAC system of claim 6 wherein said means for cooling air is adaptable to a chilled water cooling system applied to said structure.

8. The HVAC system of claim 6 wherein said ventilation module further comprises means for permitting said damper to open upon activation of said air circulating means which provides an air pressure differential between a first damper side exposed to said air return duct and a second damper side exposed to said air inlet opening.

9. The HVAC system of claim 6 wherein said ventilation module further comprises a damper and a damper control means, said damper being controllably moveable by said damper control means to route fresh air from said exterior of said structure to said air inlet opening through said chamber to said air supply duct, said damper also routing return air from said interior of said structure through said return air opening through said chamber and to said air supply duct.

10. The HVAC system of claim 9 wherein said damper control means comprises a motor, means for connection attached to said motor and pivotally attached to said damper means, and motor command means for controlling said motor connected with said control means for proportioning fresh air from said exterior with return air from said interior.

11. The HVAC system of claim 6 wherein said ventilation module further comprises a damper controllably moveable by a damper control means to route fresh air from said exterior of said structure to said air inlet opening through said chamber to said air supply duct, said damper also routing return air from said interior of said structure through said return air opening through said chamber and to said air supply duct and said exhaust duct.

12. The HVAC system of claim 11 wherein said damper control means comprises a motor, means for connection attached to said motor and pivotally attached to said damper, and motor command means connected with said control means for proportioning fresh air from said exterior with return air from said interior to said supply air duct, and further routing a portion of return air to said exhaust duct.

13. The HVAC system of claim 6 wherein said ventilation module further comprises damper controllably moveable by a damper control means to rout fresh air from said exterior of said structure to said air inlet opening through said chamber to said air supply duct, said damper also routing return air from said interior of said structure through said return air opening through said chamber and to said air supply duct and said exhaust duct;

said damper being capable of being positioned such that return air from said structure is routed through said return air opening, through said chamber and exclusively to said exhaust duct without passing to said air supply duct;

said damper also being capable of being positioned such that return air from said structure is routed through said return air opening, through said chamber exclusively to said air supply duct without passing to said exhaust duct.

14. The HVAC system of claim 13 wherein said damper control means comprises a motor, means for connection attached to said motor and pivotally attached to said damper, motor command means connected with said control means for controlling the operation of said motor to rout air from said exterior and said interior into said chamber, said exhaust duct, and said air supply duct, and air temperature sensing means connected with said control means to control said damper.

15. The HVAC system of claim 6 further comprising a plate to prevent air from passing through said air inlet opening, said HVAC system conditioning air from said return air opening and routing the air through said air supply duct and to said interior.

16. The HVAC system of claim 6 wherein said ventilation module further comprises means for transferring heat energy between an outside stream of air entering said air conditioning system from said structure'"'"'s exterior and a return stream of air entering said air conditioning system from said structure'"'"'s interior.

17. The HVAC system of claim 16 wherein said ventilation module further comprises means for drawing an outside air stream into said ventilation module and means for routing said outside air stream through said means for transferring heat energy.

18. The HVAC system of claim 6 and further comprising means for routing exhaust air from said structure past a means for exchanging energy in said air exhaust duct, said means for exchanging energy containing a fluid stream capable of transferring or receiving energy from said exhaust air.

19. In an HVAC system attachable to a structure having an interior and an exterior, said air conditioning system, comprising:

a) a housing including;

1) a receiving chamber in communication externally and internally of said housing,

2) a return air opening in communication with said receiving chamber and said interior,

3) an air inlet opening in communication with said receiving chamber and said exterior,

4) an air exhaust duct in communication with said receiving chamber and said exterior for exhausting air from said interior to said exterior,

5) an air supply duct having a first end in communication with said receiving chamber and a second end in communication with said interior, said air supply duct including a means for conditioning air and means for circulating air which draws air through said air inlet opening, said return air opening, said receiving chamber, said conditioning air means and said second end of said air supply duct to said interior,

6) an interchangeable ventilation module removably fastened within said receiving chamber having a damper for routing air through said return air opening, said air inlet opening, said air supply duct and said air exhaust duct; and

b) a means responsive to a temperature variation within said structure for controlling said air circulating means and said air conditioning means.

20. The HVAC system of claim 19 wherein said means for conditioning air further comprises a means for filtering air, a means for air dehumidification, a means for heating air, a means for cooling air.

21. The HVAC system of claim 20 wherein said ventilation module further comprises means for transferring heat energy between an outside stream of air entering said HVAC system from said structure'"'"'s exterior and a return stream of air entering said air conditioning system from said structure'"'"'s interior, means for drawing an outside air stream into said ventilation module, and means for routing said outside air stream through said means for transferring heat energy.

22. The HVAC system of claim 21 and further comprising means for routing exhaust air from said structure through a means for exchanging energy in said air exhaust duct, said means for exchanging energy containing a material capable of transferring or receiving energy from said exhaust air.

23. The HVAC system of claim 22 wherein said heating means comprises a gas system.

24. The HVAC system of claim 22 wherein said cooling means is adaptable to a chilled water cooling system applied to said structure.

25. A method for ventilating a structure, said structure with a HVAC system having an interior and an exterior, comprising:

a) providing an elongate housing including;

1) a module receiving chamber inside said housing in communication externally and internally of said housing;

2) a return air opening in said housing in communication with said chamber and with said interior;

3) an air inlet opening in said housing in communication with said chamber and with said exterior;

4) an air exhaust duct in said housing in communication with said chamber and with said exterior for exhausting air from said interior to said exterior; and

5) an air supply duct in said housing having a first end in communication with said chamber and a second end in communication with said interior to provide a conduit for passage of conditioned air from said ventilation system to said interior;

b) fastening a removable ventilation module within said chamber, said ventilation module containing a damper for routing air through said return air opening, said air inlet opening, said air supply duct, and said air exhaust duct;

c) drawing air into said HVAC system by a means for circulating air through said air inlet opening and said return air opening, through said chamber, and into said air supply duct;

d) conditioning said air within said air supply duct by heating, cooling, dehumidifying, filtering;

e) circulating said conditioned air through said second end of said air supply duct and into said interior of said structure;

f) controlling said air circulating means and said conditioning air means by utilizing a means responsive to temperature, said temperature responsive means located in said structure; and

g) connecting said temperature responsive means with a means for controlling control means.

26. The method of claim 25 and further comprising drawing an outside air stream into said HVAC system and transferring heat energy between said outside air stream and an air stream drawn from said interior of said structure.

27. The method of claim 26 and further comprising routing exhaust air from said structure through a means for exchanging energy in said air exhaust duct, said means for exchanging energy containing a material capable of transferring or receiving energy from said exhaust air.

28. The method of claim 27 wherein said heating step is accomplished by using a gas system.

29. The HVAC system of claim 27 wherein said cooling step is accomplished by using a system adaptable to a chilled water cooling system applied to said structure.