System and method for separating recycled debris

• US 5,485,925 A
• Filed: 09/21/1994
• Issued: 01/23/1996
• Est. Priority Date: 09/21/1994
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Emerging Acquisitions LLC
• Original Assignee: Bulk Handling Systems
• Inventors: Clark, Brian K., Miller, Roy R., Austin, Fred M.
• Primary Examiner(s): DAYOAN, DARRELL G
• Application Number:
  US08/310,265
• Time in Patent Office: 489 Days
• Field of Search: 209/615, 209/685, 209/691-693, 209/930, 209/910, 198/550.3, 198/550.13, 198/397, 198/393
• US Class Current: 209/615
• CPC Class Codes: B03B 9/06 specially adapted for refuse
• CPC Class Codes: B03B 9/061 the refuse being industrial
• CPC Class Codes: B07B 13/003 Separation of articles by differences in their geometrical form or by difference in their physical properties, e.g. elasticity, compressibility, hardness
• CPC Class Codes: B07B 13/08 according to weight B07B13/10 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: B07B 15/00 Combinations of apparatus for separating solids from solids by dry methods applicable to bulk material, e.g. loose articles fit to be handled like bulk material using wet methods B03B7/00; using gas currents B07B9/00
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 209/93 Municipal solid waste sorting

Abstract

A system for classifying recycled debris comprising ferrous materials, fines, non-ferrous light material and non-ferrous heavy material. The classification system is made of a hopper having an inlet, including a spillway opening defining a lowermost portion of the hopper inlet, and an outlet formed along a lower portion of the hopper and contained in a plane at an angle of about 50 degrees from horizontal. A conveyor covering the outlet includes substantially rigid cleats extending into the hopper for agitating the debris and for transporting heavy material, such as glass bottles, out of the hopper outlet. Agitation of the debris causes the heavy material to drift to the lower portion of the hopper and the light material to rise to the top portion and flow over the spillway. A second conveyor positioned beneath the spillway catches the light material and carries it to another location.

Claims

1. A system for classifying recycled debris comprising light material and heavy material, said system comprising:

a hopper for receiving such debris, said hopper having a generally upwardly-directed inlet and a generally downwardly-directed outlet;

a conveyor having a generally upwardly-directed substantially planar surface urged against said hopper outlet;

a plurality of substantially rigid members mounted on said conveyor and extending into said hopper for carrying heavy material therefrom; and

a chain screen disposed over the conveyor for preventing the conveyor from carrying light material from the hopper by the conveyor.

2. The system according to claim 1 wherein the chain screen comprises a plurality of chain links positioned such that the distal ends of each link range between about 0 to 5.0 inches from the upwardly-directed surface of said conveyor.

3. The system according to claim 1 wherein a second conveyor is positioned beneath said hopper for receiving light materials flowing from said hopper inlet.

4. A system according to claim 1 wherein said rigid members are spaced from about 10 to 18 inches apart from each other.

5. A system according to claim 1 wherein said hopper inlet includes a spillway defining a lowermost portion of said inlet.

7. A system according to claim 1 wherein said hopper outlet comprises an opening defined in a plane which is at an angle of between substantially 40 and 50 degrees from horizontal.

8. A system according to claim 1 wherein a substantial portion of said hopper inlet comprises an opening contained in a substantially horizontal plane.

9. A system according to claim 8 wherein said substantial portion of said hopper inlet and outlet intersect one another.

6. A system according to 1 wherein rigid members range in height from about 1/2 inch to 2.0 inches.

10. A system for classifying recycled debris comprising a mixture of fines, non-ferrous light material and non-ferrous heavy material, the system comprising:

means for screening the fines from said debris;

an air-filled hopper having an inlet for receiving said debris after the fines are screened therefrom;

a spillway defining a lowermost portion of said inlet; and

a discharge conveyor having two ends, a first end positioned beneath the hopper in communication with the interior thereof and a second end extending generally upwardly from said first end.

11. A system according to claim 10 wherein said conveyor includes a plurality of substantially rigid members mounted on said conveyor and extending into said hopper for carrying heavy material therefrom.

12. A system according to claim 10 wherein said system further comprises means for agitating debris received in said hopper.

13. A system according to claim 12 wherein said means for agitating debris received in said hopper comprises a plurality of substantially rigid members mounted on said conveyor and extending into said hopper.

14. A system according to claim 10 wherein said hopper includes an outlet comprising an opening defined in a plane which is at an angle of between substantially 40 and 50 degrees from horizontal and wherein said conveyor includes a conveying surface positioned closely adjacent to said outlet.

15. A system according to claim 14 wherein a substantial portion of said hopper inlet comprises an opening contained in a substantially horizontal plane.

16. A system according to claim 15 wherein said substantial portion of said hopper inlet and outlet intersect one another.

17. A method for classifying recycled debris, including heavier and lighter debris, comprising the steps of:

depositing the recycled debris in an air-filled hopper having a top fraction and a bottom fraction;

moving the lighter debris from the bottom fraction to the top fraction responsive to mechanical agitation of the recycled debris;

drawing a stream of heavier debris from the bottom fraction; and

drawing a stream of lighter debris from the top fraction.

18. The method of claim 17 wherein the step of moving the recycled debris comprises the step of inserting a plurality of rigid members into the debris in a generally lower portion of the hopper and pulling the members through the debris.

19. The method of claim 18 wherein the step of pulling the members through the debris comprises the step of running a conveyor upon which the rigid members are mounted.

20. The method of claim 17 wherein the step of drawing a stream of heavier debris from the bottom fraction comprises the step of running a conveyor having a generally upper surface in communication with the bottom fraction.

21. The method of claim 17 wherein the hopper includes a generally upwardly-directed inlet, and the step of drawing a stream of lighter debris from the top fraction comprises the step of depositing the recycled debris in the hopper until the lighter debris flows over the generally upwardly-directed inlet of the hopper.

22. The method of claim 17 wherein the step of drawing the stream of lighter debris from the top fraction comprises drawing the stream over a spillway disposed adjacent the top fraction of said hopper.

23. The method of claim 22 wherein the step of moving the lighter debris further comprises moving a portion of the lighter debris from a fraction beneath the level of the spillway.

24. A system for classifying recycled debris comprising light material and heavy material, said system comprising:

an air-filled container for receiving such debris, said container having a generally upwardly-directed inlet;

a conveyor disposed inside said container having a lower end in communication with the heavy material and with at least a portion of the light material and an upper end extending above the top of the container; and

a plurality of substantially rigid members mounted on said conveyor for carrying heavy material therefrom.

25. The system according to claim 24 which further includes means disposed over the conveyor for preventing the conveyor from carrying light material from the container by the conveyor.

26. A system for classifying recycled debris comprising light material and heavy material, said system comprising:

a hopper for receiving such debris, said hopper having a generally upwardly-directed inlet and a generally downwardly-directed outlet;

a conveyor having a generally upwardly-directed substantially planar surface urged against said hopper outlet;

a plurality of substantially rigid members mounted on said conveyor and extending into said hopper for carrying heavy material therefrom; and

means disposed over the conveyor for preventing the conveyor from carrying light material from the hopper by the conveyor.