Electro-hydraulic steering system

• US 5,489,005 A
• Filed: 11/23/1994
• Issued: 02/06/1996
• Est. Priority Date: 11/23/1994
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Caterpillar Incorporated
• Original Assignee: Caterpillar Incorporated
• Inventors: Nelson, David E., Marcott, Tony L., Rytter, Noel J.
• Primary Examiner(s): HILL, MITCHELL
• Application Number:
  US08/344,048
• Time in Patent Office: 440 Days
• Field of Search: 180/134
• US Class Current: 180/418
• CPC Class Codes: B62D 12/00 Steering specially adapted for vehicles operating in tandem or having pivotally connected frames steering endless tracks or the like B62D11/00; steering specially adapted for trailers B62D13/00

Abstract

In machines that are articulated in response to a steer input mechanism, it is many times necessary for the operator to make a steer input and then to make corrective adjustments in order to obtain the desired steer angle of the machine. In the subject invention, an electro-hydraulic steering system is provided which senses the desired steer input by the operator, senses the degree of articulation of the machine and a microprocessor delivers an electrical control signal (P) to an electro-hydraulic valve mechanism which effectively controls articulation of the machine. Once the machine has reached the degree of articulation desired by the operator, the microprocessor signals the electro-hydraulic valve mechanism to stop articulation of the machine. Consequently, the operator does not have to provide any adjustments thereto. Additionally, the ground speed of the machine is sensed and the rate of articulation is controlled in response thereto. In the subject arrangement, in the event of an electrical system failure, a back-up steering control circuit is automatically functional to control steering of the machine in a conventional manner. This arrangement provides an electro-hydraulic steering system that eases the operators fatigue by eliminating the need for corrective steer adjustments and is simple in construction and reliable in operation.

Claims

1. An electro-hydraulic steering system for an articulated machine having a steer input mechanism responsive to an operator input, a pair of articulation cylinders, a hydraulic pump, a source of pressurized control fluid and a directional control valve operatively connected between the hydraulic pump and the pair of articulation cylinders, the electro-hydraulic steering system comprising:

a first sensor mechanism operative, when installed, to sense the degree of steering input from the steering mechanism and deliver an electrical command signal (C) therefrom representative of the desired steer angle;

a second sensor mechanism operative, when installed, to sense the degree of articulation of the machine and deliver an electrical feedback signal (F) therefrom representative of the articulation angle;

an electro-hydraulic valve mechanism operatively connected between the source of pressurized control fluid and the directional control valve to control movement of the directional control valve; and

a microprocessor operative to receive and compare the electrical signals from the first and second sensor mechanisms and deliver an electrical control signal (P) to the electro-hydraulic valve mechanism to actuate the directional control valve in response to the command signal of the desired steer angle and to deactivate the directional control valve in response to the feedback signal once the desired articulation angle is achieved.

2. The electro-hydraulic steering system of claim 1 wherein the electro-hydraulic valve mechanism includes first and second electrically controlled proportional valves and the electrical control signal includes first and second electrical signals (P₁,P₂) operatively connected to the respective first and second electrically controlled proportional valves.

3. The electro-hydraulic steering system of claim 2 including a third sensor mechanism operative to sense the ground speed of the machine and deliver a second electrical command signal (G/H) to the microprocessor that is representative of the machine ground speed and the microprocessor compares the second electrical command signal to the rate of articulation and reduces the rate of articulation as the ground speed increases.

4. The electro-hydraulic steering system of claim 2 including a back-up steering control circuit having a steering valve mechanism operatively connected to the steer input mechanism to selectively deliver pressurized fluid from the source of pressurized control fluid to control movement of the directional control valve.

5. The electro-hydraulic steering system of claim 4 wherein the back-up steering control circuit is automatically operative in the event of an electrical failure in the electro-hydraulic steering system to control steering of the articulated machine.

6. The electro-hydraulic steering system of claim 5 wherein the source of pressurized control fluid is a fixed displacement pump connected in parallel to both the electro-hydraulic valve mechanism and the steering valve mechanism.

7. The electro-hydraulic steering system of claim 5 wherein a two-position valve selectively interconnects the source of pressurized control fluid with one of the electro-hydraulic valve mechanisms and the steering valve mechanism.

8. The electro-hydraulic steering system of claim 7 wherein the two-position valve is spring biased to the first position directing fluid from the source of pressurized control fluid to the steering valve mechanism and movable to the second position in response to an electrical signal (S) from the microprocessor to direct fluid from the source of pressurized control fluid to the electro-hydraulic valve mechanism.