Filter apparatus and method for reducing signal noise using a plurality of signals obtained from a signal source
First Claim
1. A method for providing an output signal corresponding to a signal produced by a signal source, the signal produced by the signal source having a series of repetitious, generally similar features, said method reducing the presence of noise in the provided output signal and comprising the steps of:
- sequentially sensing a plurality of said repetitious signal features to obtain a plurality of received signals in which noise may be present, each of said plurality of received signals corresponding to one of said repetitious signal features;
forming at least one set of determination points in the plurality of received signals;
measuring the actual magnitude of said received signals at the determination points;
selecting a given one of the received signal as that for which a corresponding output signal having reduced noise will be produced;
generating, from the actual magnitudes of the received signals other than the given received signal, an estimated signal representing an estimated magnitude of the given received signal for at least one determination point in the given received signal;
comparing the given received signal and the estimated signal on the basis of their magnitudinal properties;
generating a compliance signal from said comparison of the given received signal and estimated signal indicative of the compliance between the signals, differences in the given received signal and estimated signal being attributable to noise in the given received signal; and
generating, from the given received signal and the compliance signal, said output signal in which the presence of noise is reduced.
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Abstract
An apparatus and method directed to an adaptive noise filtering arrangement. The arrangement has the ability to estimate a first set of data for a first time-dependent variable based upon at least two sets of data for two time-dependent variables related to the first time-dependent variable. Additionally, the arrangement has the ability to filter an actual set of data for the first time-dependent variable based upon the first set of data and the actual set of data. The estimated first set of data and filtered actual set of data can be printed or displayed in a graphical format for analysis.
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Citations
39 Claims
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1. A method for providing an output signal corresponding to a signal produced by a signal source, the signal produced by the signal source having a series of repetitious, generally similar features, said method reducing the presence of noise in the provided output signal and comprising the steps of:
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sequentially sensing a plurality of said repetitious signal features to obtain a plurality of received signals in which noise may be present, each of said plurality of received signals corresponding to one of said repetitious signal features; forming at least one set of determination points in the plurality of received signals; measuring the actual magnitude of said received signals at the determination points; selecting a given one of the received signal as that for which a corresponding output signal having reduced noise will be produced; generating, from the actual magnitudes of the received signals other than the given received signal, an estimated signal representing an estimated magnitude of the given received signal for at least one determination point in the given received signal; comparing the given received signal and the estimated signal on the basis of their magnitudinal properties; generating a compliance signal from said comparison of the given received signal and estimated signal indicative of the compliance between the signals, differences in the given received signal and estimated signal being attributable to noise in the given received signal; and generating, from the given received signal and the compliance signal, said output signal in which the presence of noise is reduced. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10)
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11. A method for producing an EKG output signal indicative of electrical phenomena exhibited by a patient'"'"'s heart, the phenomena including a series of repetitious, generally similar, electrical signal features associated with the functioning of the heart, said method reducing the presence of noise in the produced EKG output signal so that the EKG output signal is an accurate indication of the heart phenomena, said method comprising the steps of:
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sequentially sensing a plurality of said repetitious signal features; obtaining, from the sensing, a plurality of received EKG signals in which noise may be present, each of said plurality of received EKG signals corresponding to one of said repetitious signal features; forming at least one set of common determination points in the plurality of received EKG signals; measuring the actual magnitude of said received EKG signals at the determination points; selecting a given one of the received EKG signal as that for which a corresponding EKG output signal having reduced noise will be produced; generating, from the actual magnitudes of the received EKG signals other than the given received EKG signal, an estimated EKG signal representing an estimated magnitude of the given received EKG signal for at least one determination point in the given received EKG signal; comparing the given received EKG signal and the estimated EKG signal on the basis of their magnitudinal properties; generating a compliance signal from said comparison of the given received EKG signal and estimated EKG signal indicative of the compliance between the signals, differences in the given received EKG signal and estimated EKG signal being attributable to noise in the given received EKG signal; and generating, from the given received EKG signal and the compliance signal, said EKG output signal having reduced noise. - View Dependent Claims (12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21)
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22. Signal processing apparatus for providing an output signal corresponding to a signal produced by a signal source, the signal produced by the signal source having a series of repetitious, generally similar features, said apparatus reducing the presence of noise in the provided output signal, said apparatus being suitable for use with sensor means for obtaining the signal produced by the signal source, in which signal noise may be present, said apparatus comprising:
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an input receiving the signal obtained by the sensor means and forming a plurality of input signals each of which corresponds to one of the repetitious signal features; means forming at least one set of determination points in said plurality of input signals; a measurement circuit measuring the actual magnitude of said plurality of input signals at the determination points in the plurality of input signals; a selector selecting a given one of said input signal as that for which a corresponding output signal having reduced noise will be produced; an estimated magnitude signal generator for generating, from the actual magnitudes of the input signals other than the selected input signal, an estimated signal representing an estimated magnitude of the selected input signal for at least one determination point in the selected input signal; a comparator comparing the selected input signal and the estimated signal on the basis of their magnitudinal properties and determining the compliance between the selected input signal and the estimated signal, differences in the selected input signal and estimated signal being attributable to noise in the selected input signal; and a signal generator generating, from the selected input signal and the compliance, said output signal in which noise is reduced. - View Dependent Claims (23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30)
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31. Signal processing apparatus for producing an EKG output signal indicative of electrical phenomena exhibited by a patient'"'"'s heart, the phenomena including a series of repetitious, generally similar, electrical signal features associated with the functioning of the heart, said apparatus reducing the presence of noise in the produced EKG output signal so that the EKG output signal is an accurate indication of the heart phenomena, said apparatus being suitable for use with sensor means for obtaining an EKG signal in which noise may be present, said apparatus comprising:
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an input receiving the EKG signal obtained by the sensor means and forming a plurality of input signals, each of which corresponds to one of the repetitious signal features; means forming at least one set of determination points in said plurality of input signals; a measurement circuit measuring the actual magnitude of said plurality of input signals at the determination points in the plurality of input signals; a selector selecting a given one of said input signal as that for which a corresponding EKG output signal having reduced noise will be produced; an estimated magnitude signal generator for generating, from the actual magnitudes of the input signals other than the selected input signal, an estimated signal representing an estimated magnitude of the selected input signal for at least one determination point in the selected input signal; a comparator comparing the selected input signal and the estimated signal on the basis of their magnitudinal properties and determining the compliance between the selected input signal and the estimated signal, differences in the selected input signal and estimated signals being attributable to noise in the selected input signal; and a signal generator generating, from the selected input signal and the compliance, said EKG output signal in which noise is reduced. - View Dependent Claims (32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39)
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Specification